Absolute, not perceived, delay modulates agency judgement: Evidence for cognitive impenetrability of sense of agency.

The sense of agency, which refers to awareness of causing events, is consistently influenced by the time interval between actions and their outcomes such that longer delays diminish the perceived strength of the agency. This study investigated whether the sense of agency is modulated by the distance between experienced delays or by their subjective discriminability, which is known to be subject to Weber's law (discriminability being a function of ratios rather than absolute differences between time intervals). To this end, participants executed keypress actions leading to outcomes at varying delays.

The effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on catheter infection model.

Background/aim: This experimental study aimed to examine the effectiveness of transdermal antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) with and without antimicrobial lock therapy (ALT), on catheter biofilms.

Methods: S. epidermidis and C.

Inhaler Steroid Use Changes Oral and Airway Bacterial and Fungal Microbiome Profile in Asthma Patients.

Introduction: The full spectrum of bacterial and fungal species in adult asthma and the effect of inhaled corticosteroid use is not well described. The aim was to collect mouthwash and induced sputum samples from newly diagnosed asthma patients in the pretreatment period and in chronic asthma patients while undergoing regular maintenance inhaled corticosteroid therapy, in order to demonstrate the bacterial and fungal microbiome profile.

Methods: The study included 28 asthmatic patients on inhaler steroid therapy, 25 steroid-naive asthmatics, and 24 healthy controls.

COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA): identification of Aspergillus species and determination of antifungal susceptibility profiles.

Among the co-infectious agents in COVID-19 patients, Aspergillus species cause invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). IPA is difficult to diagnose and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study is aimed at identifying Aspergillus spp.

Quantitation of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein after two doses of CoronaVac in healthcare workers.

Quantitation of antibodies to the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2  (SARS-CoV-2) was performed for the detection of adaptive immune response in healthcare workers (HCWs) vaccinated with CorovaVac. We prospectively recruited HCWs from a university hospital in Turkey. Serum samples from 1072 HCWs were obtained following 28 days of the first, and 21 days of the second dose.

A Novel Intronic Mutation Reduces HAX1 Level and is Associated With Severe Congenital Neutropenia.

Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a rare disease. Autosomal recessive forms of SCN are more frequent in countries where consanguineous marriages are common. In this report, we describe a 54-day-old female with neutropenia who presented with ecthyma gangrenosum.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new benzoxazolone/benzothiazolone derivatives as multi-target agents against Alzheimer's disease.

In this study, four series of compounds with benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone cores were designed, synthesized and evaluated as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, in order to shed light on the effect of the carbonyl groups of benzoxazolone/benzothiazolone, benzoxazole/benzothiazole-containing analogues were also synthesized and evaluated. Inhibition potency of all final compounds towards cholinesterase enzymes and their antioxidant activity were tested.

Succinivibrionaceae is dominant family in fecal microbiota of Behçet's Syndrome patients with uveitis.

Behçet's Syndrome (BS) is a multisystem vasculitis with various clinical manifestations. Pathogenesis is unclear, but studies have shown genetic factors, innate immunity and autoinflammation to have an important role in the disease course. Diversity in the microbial community of gut microbiota may significantly contribute to the activation of the innate immune system.

Impact of Iontophoresis and PACK-CXL Corneal Concentrations of Antifungals in an In Vivo Model.

Purpose: To investigate voriconazole (VRZ) penetration and fungal load in the cornea after applying VRZ therapy with various treatment combinations in a fungal keratitis model.

Methods: Fifty-four eyes of 27 young albino rabbits were provided for this experimental study. Twelve corneas were inoculated with Candida albicans, 12 corneas were inoculated with Fusarium solani, and 6 eyes were selected as controls.

The in vitro effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on Candida and Staphylococcus biofilms.

Background/aim: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic treatment (APDT) in a biofilm model using combinations of various dyes (rose bengal, riboflavin, and methylene blue) as photosensitizers and light sources (LED and UVA) against staphylococcal and candidal biofilms.

Materials And Methods: Sterile microtiter plates were used for the development and quantification of the biofilms. APDT was carried out using combinations of the light sources and dyes.

Comparison of corneal collagen cross-linking (PACK-CXL) and voriconazole treatments in experimental fungal keratitis.

Purpose: To compare the antifungal efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking with photoactivated riboflavin (PACK-CXL) and voriconazole in experimental Fusarium solani and Candida albicans keratitis models.

Methods: Sixty-four corneas of 32 New Zealand rabbits were included and divided into two main groups. Intrastromal injection of Fusarium and Candida suspensions was performed, and it was observed that keratitis was formed on the third day.

Design, Synthesis and Investigation of New Diphenyl Substituted Pyridazinone Derivatives as Both Cholinesterase and Aβ-Aggregation Inhibitors.

Background: With respect to the increase in the average life expectancy, Alzheimer Disease (AD), the most common form of age-related dementia, has become a major threat to the population over the age of 65 during the past several decades. The majority of AD treatments are focused on cholinergic and amyloid hypotheses.

Objective: In this study, three series of diphenyl-2-(2-(4-substitutedpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl)pyridazin- 3(2H)-one derivatives were designed, synthesized and investigated for their ability to inhibit both cholinesterase enzymes and amyloid-β aggregation.

Corneal Cross-Linking Has No Effect on Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 and 13 Levels During Fungal Keratitis on the Early Stage.

The aim of our study was to investigate matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-9 and MMP-13 levels, in the rabbit model of Fusarium and Candida keratitis treated by corneal cross-linking (PACK-CXL). Rabbit corneas were inoculated with fungal inoculum for keratitis. Each group divided into four subgroups, including un-treated group, PACK-CXL group, voriconazole group and PACK-CXL plus voriconazole group.

[Using Galleria mellonella as an in vivo model to study the virulence of some bacterial and fungal agents].

Non-vertebrate hosts, such as Galleria mellonella, namely wax moth, have been used to study microbial virulence and host defense. This organism has advantages as it is economical, ethically expedient and easy to handle. Here we describe an experimental in vivo study using the larvae of Galleria mellonella infected with some bacterial and fungal pathogens.