TLR4/ MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway involved in the protective effect of diacerein against lung fibrosis in rats.

Purpose: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an inescapable problem. Diacerein, a chondro-protective drug, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Its effect on PF injury has not yet been fully clarified.

Mirabegron alleviates acetic acid-induced colitis in rats: Role of adiponectin and GSTM1/GSH detoxification pathway.

The prevalence of the debilitating chronic disease ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing significantly. Mirabegron is a selective beta-3 adrenergic receptor (β-3 AR) agonist used to treat an overactive bladder. Previous reports have demonstrated the antidiarrheal effect of β-3AR agonists.

Pregnenolone Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis-Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 and NADPH Oxidase 1.

The clinical usefulness of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by its serious adverse effects, such as cardiotoxicity. Pregnenolone demonstrated both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in animal models. The current study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective potential of pregnenolone against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

Agomelatine ameliorates cadmium-induced toxicity through the modification of HMGB-1/TLR-4/NFκB pathway.

Cadmium (Cd) has potential hazards on human beings. Consequently, this study was performed to explore the protective effects of agomelatine (AGO), a melatonin receptor agonist, against Cd-induced toxicity in rats. AGO (40 mg/kg/day) was administered orally concomitant with intra peritoneal injection of Cd (0.

Aprepitant exerts anti-fibrotic effect via inhibition of TGF-β/Smad3 pathway in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.

Bleomycin is a well-recognized antineoplastic drug. However, pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is considered to be the principal drawback that greatly limits its use. Here, we sought to investigate ability of the neurokinin receptor 1 blocker, aprepitant, to prevent PF caused by bleomycin.

Involvement of NOX-4/JAK/STAT pathway in the protective effect of aprepitant against diclofenac-induced renal toxicity.

Aims: Aprepitant, a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist, is a clinically approved anti-emetic drug. Recently, inhibition of the NK1 receptor has been reported as a potential nephroprotective strategy. We aimed to assess the pharmacological mechanisms of aprepitant against diclofenac (DIC)-induced renal toxicity.

Therapeutic effect of rupatadine against l-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats: role of inflammation.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an abrupt inflammatory disorder causing high morbidity and mortality. As AP is an insidious medical emergency, a curative modality is required instead of a preventive measure. Thus, we investigated the possible curative effect of rupatadine on a rat model of AP.

Rupatadine protects the intestinal mucosa from injury by 5-flurouracil via modulation of inflammation, apoptosis and intestinal permeability.

Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent in various malignant tumors. However, intestinal toxicity is considered the irritant unavoidable adverse effect during the course therapy. The aim of the current study was to screen the effect of a new selective histamine receptor 1 blocker and platelet-activating factor (PAF) blocker on 5-FU induced intestinal toxicity.

Antifibrotic effects of bezafibrate and pioglitazone against thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in albino rats.

Activation of hepatic stellate cells is a central event in hepatic fibrogenesis that offers multiple potential sites for therapeutic interventions. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are implicated in liver fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the effect of bezafibrate and pioglitazone on a thioacetamide (TAA) rat model of liver fibrosis and to clarify the possible underlying mechanisms.

Paeonol protects against testicular ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats through inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) is the most common form of testicular injury that results in oxidative damage and inflammation ending by subinfertility. Paeonol, a natural phenolic compound, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, the present study investigated the role of paeonol in rat testicular IR injury.

Mechanisms underlying the protective effect of leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast against doxorubicin induced testicular injury in rats.

The obligatory use of cytotoxic drugs to face the malignant tumors results in survivors that suffer from long term health problems. Fertility problems, especially in young boys, exert one of the major consequences of chemotherapy treatment that needs resolution. We investigate the potential effect of the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast on doxorubicin-induced testicular damage.

STAT3 and Nrf2 pathways modulate the protective effect of verapamil on lung injury of diabetic rats.

Objective: We aimed to assess the protective role of verapamil, L-type calcium channel blockers, against early lung damage in diabetic rats. Lung injury has recently been recognized as a consequent complication of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia induces inflammatory changes in lung tissue early in the disease.

Role of Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt Genes in the Hepatoprotective Effect of Cilostazol.

Background: Cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor (PDE3I), is a platelet aggregation inhibitor and vasodilator that is useful for treating intermittent claudication. Experimental studies have shown that cilostazol has potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant effects effects.

Objectives: Although the hepatoprotective effect cilostazol has been studied, the molecular mechanisms of such protection, including: the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) / hemoxygenase (HO-1) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) /serine/threonine kinase (Akt) pathways are not fully explored, which is the aim of this study.

Cilostazol alleviates streptozotocin-induced testicular injury in rats via PI3K/Akt pathway.

Aims: Male infertility prevalence is higher in diabetic patients. Those patients exhibit testicular oxidative damage due to sustained hyperglycemia and inflammation. The study has investigated the efficacy of cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, on testicular damage of diabetic rats.