Synergistic Influence of Fungi Inoculation with Nanoparticle Foliar Application Enhances Chili ( L.) Antioxidant Enzymes, Anatomical Characteristics, and Productivity under Cold-Stress Conditions.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of fungus (AMF) inoculation, foliar application of zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs and Se-NPs), and their combined interactions on the growth and productivity of chili pepper under cold-stress conditions. Two field experiments were successfully conducted during the winter seasons of 2021 and 2022 in an experimental field at the Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. The results showed that, under cold stress, the combination of AMF inoculation and ZnO-NPs + Se-NPs as a foliar spray increased the average fruit weight by 92.