Interleukin-21: a potential biomarker for diagnosis and predicting prognosis in COVID-19 patients.

Background/aim: COVID-19 patients have a wide spectrum of disease severity. Several biomarkers were evaluated as predictors for progression towards severe disease. IL-21 is a member of common γ-chain cytokine family and creates some specific effects during programming and maintenance of antiviral immunity.

Multidrug refractory aggressive metastatic TFE3 (+) renal cell carcinoma: A case report.

Background: Transcription factor E3 (TFE3) related renal cell carcinomas constitute a very small percent of all renal tumors in adults. Prognosis mainly depends on the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis which is often poor. There is yet to be a standardized treatment protocol.