The use of dance to improve the health and wellbeing of older adults: A global scoping review of research trials.

Background: Dance is a promising health resource for older adults, but empirical evidence remains inconsistent. The lack of synthesised evidence regarding program design, dose, and delivery limits understanding of factors influencing participation and health outcomes. This scoping review aimed to map the scope, range, and effectiveness of dance programs for older people, and identify gaps and opportunities for future research and practice.

Predictors of post-exercise affect: A self-determination theory approach considering physical, social, and psychological factors.

Background: Studies have shown increases in affect after acute exercise. However, the specific aspects of an exercise experience that predict or contribute to post-exercise affect remain relatively unknown. This study aimed to determine which physical (i.

Coming back for more: individual participation patterns in the physical activity initiative parkrun in Australia.

Most physical activity (PA) maintenance research has concerned adherence to small-scale interventions or infrequent observation in cohort studies. We analysed individual attendance trajectories and their drivers in a large-scale 'real-world' community-based weekly PA event (parkrun) cohort in Australia. Data were weekly attendance (walking/running) of 223 224 unique parkrun participants over their first 3 years of participation.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an individualised, progressive walking and education intervention for the prevention of low back pain recurrence in Australia (WalkBack): a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Recurrence of low back pain is common and a substantial contributor to the disease and economic burden of low back pain. Exercise is recommended to prevent recurrence, but the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an accessible and low-cost intervention, such as walking, is yet to be established. We aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an individualised, progressive walking and education intervention to prevent the recurrence of low back pain.

Effect of retirement on loneliness: a longitudinal comparative analysis across Australia, China and the USA.

Background: There is evidence that the transition to retirement can bring social challenges and may increase loneliness. Few studies have examined the impact of retirement on loneliness; most have been conducted in Western countries. It is important to examine the differences in loneliness postretirement across countries to identify patterns and risk factors that might influence the health and well-being of older adults.

Quantifying Area-Level Physical Activity Offerings in Social Context: A Novel Concept That Goes Beyond Walkability and Access to Open Spaces.

Background: Social support is a crucial factor influencing the sustainability of physical activity (PA). This proof-of-concept study presents the development of a Social Physical Activity Index for Area (SPAIFA) an indicator reflecting opportunities for individuals to actively participate as part of a group within which opportunities for social interaction can be developed.

Methods: Six government councils in the state of New South Wales, Australia, were selected encompassing 174 suburbs.

Effect of a coaching intervention to enhance physical activity and prevent falls in community-dwelling people aged 60+ years: a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of a coaching intervention compared with control on physical activity and falls rate at 12 months in community-dwelling people aged 60+ years.

Design: Cluster randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Community-dwelling older people.

"It doesn't feel like exercise": a realist process evaluation of factors that support long-term attendance at dance classes designed for healthy ageing.

Introduction: Dance can positively impact older people's health and wellbeing across cultures and socioeconomic groups, countering age-related physical, sensorimotor and cognitive decline.

Background/objectives: The RIPE (Really Is Possible for Everyone) Dance program aims to improve older people's physical, mental, cognitive and social wellbeing by integrating engaging dance sequences with evidence-based fall prevention exercises. We sought to identify what mechanisms support observed long-term participation in this program, including by people living with challenging health conditions.

Patterns and Correlates of Participation in a Weekly Mass Participation Physical Activity Event, parkrun, in Australia, 2011-2020.

Background: Studying effective interventions already operating at scale is critical to improving physical activity intervention research translation. The free, weekly, timed 5-km run or walk parkrun represents a unique opportunity to examine successful organic dissemination. We conducted an ecological analysis to identify patterns of growth in Australian parkrun participation and their correlates from 2011 to 2020.

Social-ecological factors influencing loneliness and social isolation in older people: a scoping review.

There are growing calls from researchers and policy makers to redefine loneliness and social isolation (SI) as public health issues, and to move towards a transdisciplinary, systems-based approach, due to their association with significant health risks, particularly in older people. Research about loneliness and SI in older people has typically adopted a narrow focus, evaluating effects of individual and inter-personal factors on these experiences. Less is known about the community and societal influences that may be used to inform public health interventions.

The Effects of Yogurt Supplementation and Nutritional Education on Malnourished Infants: A Pilot RCT in Dhaka's Slums.

Our objective was to quantify the effects of yogurt supplementation and nutrition education over three months on the linear growth of infants at risk of stunting. We conducted a three-arm pilot randomized controlled trial: (1) nutrition education for mothers; (2) nutrition education plus a daily yogurt supplement (50 g) for the index child; and (3) usual care (control). Dyads of children aged 4-6 months and at risk of stunting [length-for-age z-score (LAZ) ≤ -1 SD and >-2 SD] and their mothers with ≤10 years of education were eligible for the study.

Health Care Utilization Following Interventions to Improve Social Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: It has been suggested that interventions that aim to improve social well-being may contribute to decreased health care use; however, such evidence has not been fully systematically synthesized.

Objective: To systematically review and meta-analyze available evidence on the associations between psychosocial interventions and health care utilization.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane, Scopus, Google Scholar, and reference lists of systematic reviews were searched from inception until November 31, 2022.

Physiotherapists should apply health coaching techniques and incorporate accountability to foster adherence to a walking program for low back pain: a qualitative study.

Questions: What motivates individuals to start a walking program for the prevention of low back pain? What strategies optimise short-term and long-term adherence to a walking program? What strategies can physiotherapists incorporate into clinical practice to facilitate commencement of and adherence to a walking program?

Design: Qualitative study.

Participants: Twenty-two adults recently recovered from an episode of non-specific low back pain who participated in a 6-month, progressive and individualised walking program that was prescribed by a physiotherapist trained in health coaching.

Methods: Semi-structured focus groups conducted online following completion of the walking program.

Exploring the feasibility of integrating health, nutrition and stimulation interventions for children under three years in Nepal's health system: A qualitative study.

Community-based primary care settings are a potential entry point for delivering Early Childhood Development (ECD) interventions in Nepal. Past studies have suggested that integrating stimulation with nutrition interventions is an effective way to deliver multiple benefits for children, but there is limited knowledge of how to do this in Nepal. We conducted a qualitative study in Nepal's Dhanusha district to explore how stimulation interventions for early learning could be integrated into existing health and nutrition programmes within the public health system.

Rural-to-urban migration, socio-economic status and cardiovascular diseases risk factors among Bangladeshi adults: A nationwide population based survey.

Background: Rural-to-urban migration is one of the key drivers of urbanization in Bangladesh and may impact on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk due to lifestyle changes. This study examined whether CVD risk factors were associated with migration to and duration of urban life, considering socio-economic indicators.

Methods: A total of 27,792 participants (18-59 years) from the 2006 Bangladesh cross-sectional Urban Health Survey were included in the analyses of whom 14,167 (M: 7,278; W: 6,889) were non-migrant urban residents and 13,625 (M: 6,413; W: 7,212) were rural-to-urban migrants.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a progressive, individualised walking and education program for prevention of low back pain recurrence in adults: statistical analysis plan for the WalkBack randomised controlled trial.

Background: Exercise for the prevention of low back pain recurrences is recommended, but under-researched. The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a walking program for preventing low back pain recurrence remains unknown. This a priori statistical analysis plan describes the methods of analysis for the WalkBack trial.

Lifestyle risk factors and metabolic markers of cardiovascular diseases in Bangladeshi rural-to-urban male migrants compared with their non-migrant siblings: A sibling-pair comparative study.

Background: The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in developing countries like Bangladesh has been linked to progressive urbanisation. Comparisons of rural and urban populations often find a higher prevalence of CVD risk factors in the urban population, but rural-to-urban migrants might have different CVD risk profiles than either rural or urban residents. This study aimed to describe differences in CVD risk factors between migrants and non-migrants siblings and to determine whether acculturation factors were associated with CVD risk factors among migrants.

Feeding, caregiving practices, and developmental delay among children under five in lowland Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional survey.

Background: Nurturing care, including adequate nutrition, responsive caregiving and early learning, is critical to early childhood development. In Nepal, national surveys highlight inequity in feeding and caregiving practices for young children. Our objective was to describe infant and young child feeding (IYCF) and cognitive and socio-emotional caregiving practices among caregivers of children under five in Dhanusha district, Nepal, and to explore socio-demographic and economic factors associated with these practices.

Different Factors Are Associated With Sex Hormones and Leydig Cell Function in Israelis and Palestinians in Jerusalem.

Total testosterone (TT) is known to influence health and virility in men. Among men from United States and Europe, numerous sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were reported to be associated with TT. However, associations with TT and Leydig cell function in the Middle East are poorly described.

Statistical analysis plan for the coaching for healthy AGEing trial - a cluster-randomised controlled trial to enhance physical activity and prevent falls in community-dwelling older people.

Background: This statistical analysis plan details the Coaching for Healthy AGEing (CHAnGE) trial analysis methodology.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a combined physical activity and fall prevention program on physical activity and falls compared to a healthy eating among people aged 60 years and over.

Methods: The CHAnGE trial is a pragmatic parallel-group cluster-randomised controlled trial with allocation concealment and blinded assessors.

Walking, Cycling, and Swimming for Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of walking/running, cycling, or swimming for treating or preventing nonspecific low back pain (LBP).

Design: Intervention systematic review.

Literature Search: Five databases were searched to April 2021.

Evidence of disease severity, cognitive and physical outcomes of dance interventions for persons with Parkinson's Disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) usually experience worsening of both motor and non-motor symptoms. Dancing has been postulated to help patients with Parkinson's via several mechanisms that lead to improved physical, cognitive and social functions.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted following Cochrane methodology and reported following the PRISMA guideline.

The psychometric properties of a novel task-based dance self-efficacy measure for older adult dance program participants.

Background: Self-efficacy for dance may reflect individual differences in factors likely to influence dance program participation. This study investigated the psychometric properties of six novel task-based dance self-efficacy (t-bDSE) questions for older adults participating in two large-scale dance intervention trials (N = 530; N = 131).

Methodology: Internal consistency of t-bDSE was assessed and items validated according to age, gender, physical ability, cognitive status, psychosocial wellbeing, dance experience and exercise behaviour.

Characteristics and effects of integrated nutrition and stimulation interventions to improve the nutritional status and development of children under 5 years of age: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Around 250 million children in low-income and middle-income countries are at risk of not fulfilling their developmental potential. There is a need to update syntheses investigating the effects of combined nutrition and stimulation interventions on children's growth and development and identify intervention characteristics associated with positive effects.

Methods: We did a systematic review to: (1) understand the effects of integrated nutrition and stimulation interventions versus (i) usual care and (ii) standalone nutrition or stimulation interventions, on the growth and development of children under five; (2) explore intervention characteristics (delivery strategies, behaviour change techniques, intensity and personnel) associated with positive effects.