PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF REHABILITATION OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS.

Unlabelled: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the major medical problems in the world. For almost forty years, it has had catastrophic effects on the body of infected people with variable pathogenesis of mortality. The purpose of the work is to analyse the importance of psychological assistance for the social adaptation of HIV-infected patients.

THE VALUE OF SERUM SEROMUCOID IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA AND TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS.

Objective: The aim: To optimize the differential diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia and tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients based on the value of serum seromucoid.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The study included 77 HIV-positive patients with lung pathology. The 1st group consisted of 44 HIV-infected patients with BP; the 2nd group - of 33 patients with HIV/TB co-infection.

MORPHOLOGICAL EFFICACY EVALUATION OF GEL WITH CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACT OF HOPS IN CASE OF COMPLICATED WOUND INFECTION ACNE VULGARIS.

Objective: The aim of the study is to reveal in the experiment the morphological features of the infected skin wounds healing, which are a manifestation of acne vulgaris severe and very severe forms, using a gel with carbon dioxide extract of hops.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: An experimental study was carried out on 80 male WAG rats of three months of age. The animals were divided into 9 groups.

Application of New Efficient Hoveyda-Grubbs Catalysts Comprising an N→Ru Coordinate Bond in a Six-Membered Ring for the Synthesis of Natural Product-Like Cyclopenta[]furo[2,3-]pyrroles.

The ring rearrangement metathesis (RRM) of a - diastereomer mixture of methyl 3-allyl-3a,6-epoxyisoindole-7-carboxylates derived from cheap, accessible and renewable furan-based precursors in the presence of a new class of Hoveyda-Grubbs-type catalysts, comprising an N→Ru coordinate bond in a six-membered ring, results in the difficult-to-obtain natural product-like cyclopenta[]furo[2,3-]pyrroles. In this process, only one diastereomer with a -arrangement of the 3-allyl fragment relative to the 3a,6-epoxy bridge enters into the rearrangement, while the -isomers polymerize almost completely under the same conditions. The tested catalysts are active in the temperature range from 60 to 120 °C at a concentration of 0.

[SUBUNITS OF MAMMAL DNA DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE III MODIFIED IN VIVO].

In subfractions of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase isolated from nuclei of 3T3 mouse fibroblasts, A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells and mature human placenta, we have identified three subunits modified by both phosphorylation and O-N-acetylglucosamine glucosilation. The subfractions of the human enzyme contained modified subunits with molecular weight of 60 and 45 kDa and a subunit of 52 kDa probably belonging to one of the basal factors of RNA Polymerase III transcription. The subfractions of 3T3 mouse cells RNA Polymerase III consisted of modificated subunits with molecular weight 49, 45 and 42 kDa, however, the 45 kDa subunit might be a component of the basal transcription factor of RNA Polymerase III, since it was not identified in mouse enzyme composition.

Local GABAergic modulation of the activity of serotoninergic neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus.

Experiments on rat brainstem sections in membrane potential clamping conditions addressed the effects of serotonin and GABA on serotoninergic neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus. Local application of serotonin stimulated inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSC) in 45% of the serotoninergic neurons studied. This response was not seen in the presence of the fast sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin.

Mechanisms of the respiratory activity of leptin at the level of the solitary tract nucleus.

Acute experiments on anesthetized laboratory rats were performed to study the effects microinjections of 10(-4) M leptin into the solitary tract nucleus on the extent of the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex in ventilatory reactions to hypercapnia. Local administration of leptin into this area led to inhibition of the Hering-Breuer reflex. The extent of ventilatory responses to hypercapnia, conversely, increased, which may provide evidence that leptin has a modulatory influence on central chemoreceptors.

[Local GABA-ergic modulation of serotonergic neuron activity in the nucleus raphe magnus].

In voltage-clamp experimental on slices of the rat brainstem the effects of 5-HT and GABA on serotonergic neurons of nucleus raphe magnus were investigated. Local applications of 5-HT induced an increase in IPCSs frequency and amplitude in 45% of serotonergic cells. The effect suppressed by the blocker of fast sodium channels tetradotoxin.

[Mechanisms of the respiratory activity of leptin at the level of the solitary tract nucleus].

In acute experiments on anaesthetised rats we investigated the effects of 10(-4) M leptin microinjected into the solitary tract nucleus on inspiratory-terminating Breuer-Hering reflex and ventilatory responses to hypercapnea. We found that the local administration of leptin into the area inhibited the inspiratory-terminating Breuer-Hering reflex. In contrast, ventilatory responses to hypercapnea were accentuated suggesting a modulatory effect of leptin on central chemoreceptors.

Respiratory responses to microinjections of leptin into the solitary tract nucleus.

The regulatory peptide leptin has a respiratory stimulating effect along with its well known hypothalamic effects. The present study, performed on anesthetized rats, addressed respiratory responses to microinjections of 10(-10)-10(-4) M leptin into the solitary tract nucleus, which contains a high concentration of leptin receptors. Injections of 10(-8)-10(-4) M leptin led to stimulation of respiration, inducing a dose-dependent increase in the level of pulmonary ventilation and an increase in respiratory volume, accompanied by an increase in bioelectrical activity in the inspiratory muscles; 10(-6) M leptin also induced a transient increase in respiratory rate due to shortening of inhalation and exhalation.

[Respiratory responses to microinjections of leptin into the solitary tract nucleus].

Regulatory polypeptide leptin, apart from its well-known hypothalamic effects, stimulates ventilation. The present study on anaesthetised rats was undertaken to elucidate the respiratory effects of 10(-10)-10(-4) M leptin microinjected into the solitary tract nucleus, containing a high concentration of leptin receptors. Injections of 10(-8)-10(-4) M leptin induced dose-dependent increase in ventilation, tidal volume and electric activity of inspiratory muscles; 10(-6) M leptin additionally induced a short-term increase in respiratory frequency and a shortening of both inspiratory and expiratory duration.

Marinobufagenin in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for hypertension, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. Apnea and hypopnea episodes during sleep lead to sympathoactivation, decrease plasma pH, and predispose to sodium and volume retention. We hypothesized that, the latter could stimulate digitalis-like natriuretic/vasopressor hormones, endogenous ouabain (EO) and marinobufagenin (MBG).

[Dynamic phosphorylation of RNA polymerase III holoenzyme subunits from human epidermoid carcinoma cells A431 cultivated under different conditions].

Dynamic phosphorylation in vivo of individual subunits of holoenzyme RNA polymerase III subfractions IIIa and IIIb on serine/threonine and tyrosine aminoacid residues has been shown in human epidermoid carcinoma cells A431. Cells cultivation under starvation on embryonic serum caused a prolongation of the cell cycle, while cultivation at low concentration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) activated cell proliferation. Subunit 45 kDa is phosphorylated on serine/threonine residues in subfraction IIIa only in starving cells.

[Subunits of human holoenzyme of DNA dependent RNA polymerase III phosphorylated in vivo].

Phosphorylation of human holoenzyme of DNA dependent RNA polymerase III subunits in vivo has been investigated. RNA polymerase III from human placenta nuclei and epidermoid carcinoma cells A431 was isolated as two subfractions (IIIa and IIIb) distinguished in the order of elution from DEAE Sephadex A-25 column chromatography and buoyant density at glycerol gradient centrifugation. The subfractions of RNA polymerase III holoenzyme consists of four subunits with molecular masses 60, 52, 45 and 38 kDa, respectively, phosphorylated in vivo.

Correlates of measures of voluntary force with the functional state of the motor system.

Oscillation spectra were analyzed for prolonged isometric force recorded in healthy subjects of three age groups. Changes in the distributions of spectral components of the oscillations in force were noted, along with differences in the distributions of spectral density as exhaustion developed in the age groups. The amplitude-frequency ranges of changes in the spectral densities of oscillations in force characterized the activity at the suprasegmental and segmental levels of the motor system which support the voluntary control and automatic regulation of posture during the performance of movements.

[Parameters of voluntary effort correlates with functional state of the motor control system].

The spectrum oscillations of a prolonged supported effort that was registered at isometric regimen in 3 age groups of healthy volunteers, were analyzed. Changes in distribution of spectral density of effort oscillations and distinction in distribution of spectral density as a reaction to fatigue in age groups, were shown. The revealed amplitude-frequency ranges of changes of spectral density of effort oscillations characterize activity of suprasegmental and segmental levels of motor control system fulfilling the voluntary movement control and the automatic regulation of posture.

[Features and mechanisms of realization the respiratory influences of the extrapyramydal system structures].

In the publication the modern condition of the problem of suprabulbar regulation of breathing is analysed. The review on structure, neurochemistry and anatomic connections of the red nucleus and substantia nigra with the medullary respiratory center is submitted. The data on the respiratory effects of GABA and apomorphine microinjected into the red nucleus and substantia nigra as well as effects of their electrostimulation after the blockade of GABA and dopamine receptors in the respiratory center are discussed.

Transformation of tobacco with a gene for the thermophilic acyl-lipid desaturase enhances the chilling tolerance of plants.

The desC gene for the acyl-lipid Delta9-desaturase from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus was introduced into Nicotiana tabacum under control of the 35S promoter. Expression of the desaturase was confirmed by Western blotting. Lipid analysis revealed that lipid content and the extent of fatty acid unsaturation significantly increased in leaves of transgenic plants.

Amygdalofugal modulation of Hering-Breuer inspiration-inhibiting reflex.

Acute experiments on rats showed that the central nucleus of the amygdaloid complex modulates realization of the Hering-Breuer inspiration-inhibiting reflex. It is hypothesized that amygdalobulbar interrelations are realized via modulation of respiratory reflexes by the amygdala. This interaction is mediated by the GABAergic system of the amygdala.

Respiratory effects of sensorimotor cortex and their mechanisms in rats.

Acute experiments on anesthetized rats showed differential effect of various areas of the sensorimotor cortex on activity of the respiratory center. It is hypothesized that GABAergic structures of the solitary tract nucleus play an important role in the mechanisms of respiratory effects of the sensorimotor cortex.

The pre-Bötzinger complex participates in generating the respiratory effects of thyroliberin.

Experiments on anesthetized rats were performed to study the effects of microinjection of thyroliberin (10 fM-100 microM) into the area of the pre-Bötzinger complex on respiratory and circulatory parameters. Thyroliberin dose-dependently increased respiration frequency, with shortening of inspiration and expiration. Tidal volume and the amplitude of the integrated EMG recorded from the inspiratory muscles decreased after administration of concentrated solutions.