[Approaches to the correction of auditory tube dysfunction in children with allergic rhinitis].

Unlabelled: Allergic diseases are a global public health problem. One of the most common among them is allergic rhinitis (AR), which affects up to 40% of adults and 2-25% of children.

Objective: To assess the state of ventilation of the middle ear in various forms of AR in children and the effectiveness of drug correction.

Associations of Hyperactivity and Inattention Scores with Theta and Beta Oscillatory Dynamics of EEG in Stop-Signal Task in Healthy Children 7-10 Years Old.

In the current study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the natural variability in hyperactivity and inattention scores, as well as their combination with EEG oscillatory responses in the Stop-Signal task in a sample of healthy children. During performance, the Stop-Signal task EEGs were recorded in 94 Caucasian children (40 girls) from 7 to 10 years. Hyperactivity/inattention and inattention scores positively correlated with RT variability.

Safety and efficacy of aviandr in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, pilot study.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is associated with an imbalance in the functioning of the stimulating neurotransmitter systems in human's brain. We studied the safety and therapeutic efficacy of aviandr, the new noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant, for GAD patients in the phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter, pilot trial at 17 clinical sites of the Russian Federation. 129 eligible patients were 18 years and older and met the criteria for GAD diagnosis.

[Features of impedance audiometry in children of the first months of life after acute otitis media].

The features of impedance audiometry with a 226 Hz probe frequency in newborns and children in the first months of life after acute otitis media were analyzed. The age dynamics of tympanograms in children in the first year of life is determined.

Effect of Aprotinin and Avifavir Combination Therapy for Moderate COVID-19 Patients.

COVID-19 is a contagious multisystem inflammatory disease caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We studied the efficacy of Aprotinin (nonspecific serine proteases inhibitor) in combination with Avifavir or Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) drugs, which are recommended by the Russian Ministry of Health for the treatment therapy of moderate COVID-19 patients. This prospective single-center study included participants with moderate COVID-19-related pneumonia, laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2, and admitted to the hospitals.

AVIFAVIR for Treatment of Patients With Moderate Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Interim Results of a Phase II/III Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

In May 2020 the Russian Ministry of Health granted fast-track marketing authorization to RNA polymerase inhibitor AVIFAVIR (favipiravir) for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. In the pilot stage of Phase II/III clinical trial, AVIFAVIR enabled SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance in 62.5% of patients within 4 days, and was safe and well-tolerated.

Oscillatory dynamics of perception of emotional sentences in healthy subjects with different severity of depressive symptoms.

The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of the oscillatory dynamics of brain activity during the perception of negative, positive, and neutral sentences in healthy individuals with differing severity of depressive symptoms at the preclinical stage. The study involved 34 healthy people (22 women). The severity of the symptoms of depression was assessed using Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI II).

Autophagy Increases Zinc Bioavailability to Avoid Light-Mediated Reactive Oxygen Species Production under Zinc Deficiency.

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth. Accordingly, Zn deficiency (-Zn) in agricultural fields is a serious problem, especially in developing regions. Autophagy, a major intracellular degradation system in eukaryotes, plays important roles in nutrient recycling under nitrogen and carbon starvation.

Personality and EEG correlates of reactive social behavior.

Reactive, as opposed to proactive, behavior during social interactions has been investigated in the study of aggression, but it is virtually unexplored in relation to other kinds of social behavior. Little is known about brain underpinning of these processes. In this study, we used a virtual interaction model to manipulate the emotional display of the interaction partner and to register actor's responses to these manipulations.

Test⁻Retest Reliability of a Social Interaction Task.

Accurate repeatability of experimental data is the basis of professional scientific research. In this study we analyzed three consecutive experiments: The subjects had to complete a questionnaire three times under similar conditions within a 2⁻3 week interval to ensure reproducibility of the original data from experiment to experiment, using the method of test⁻retest reliability. Absolute reliability was assessed by the standard error of measurement (SEM) and smallest real difference (SRD).

Effect of Cultural Priming on Social Behavior and EEG Correlates of Self-Processing.

Humans are social beings and the self is inevitably conceptualized in terms of social environment. The degree to which the self is perceived as fundamentally similar or fundamentally different from other people is modulated by cultural stereotypes, such as collectivism and individualism. These stereotypes are not hardwired in our brains and individuals differ in the degree to which they adopt the attitudes that define their culture.

Resting state connectivity mediates the relationship between collectivism and social cognition.

Humans are intrinsically social beings and it is natural that self-processing is associated with social cognition. The degree to which the self is perceived as a part of social environment is modulated by cultural stereotypes, such as collectivism and individualism. Here, we tested the hypothesis that individuals who endorse collectivist values would spontaneously think more about their relationships with other people and this association would be mediated by connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the rest of the brain.

Assessment and optimization of autophagy monitoring methods in Arabidopsis roots indicate direct fusion of autophagosomes with vacuoles.

Autophagy is a degradation pathway that recycles cell materials upon encountering stress conditions or during specific developmental processes. To better understand the physiological roles of autophagy, proper monitoring methods are very important. In mammals and yeast, monitoring of autophagy is often performed with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-ATG8 fusion protein or with acidotropic dyes such as monodansylcadaverine (MDC) and LysoTracker Red (LTR).

[The expertise of health status dynamics in the members of locomotive crews presenting with occupational sensorineural impairment of hearing].

The objective of the present study was to estimate the diagnostic value of the characteristics of somatic pathology included in the algorithm for early diagnostics of occupational sensorineural impairment of hearing (OSNIH). The relationship between the development of the main nosological forms of somatic pathology as possible markers of internal ear diseases and professional sensorineural impairment of hearing was elucidated among the members of locomotive crews (n=224). The parameters of interest were evaluated 4 years before, within 1 year, and 4 years after the establishment of diagnosis of OSNIH.

[Methods for the investigations into the functional state of the organ of hearing and equilibration in locomotive drivers for the early diagnostics of occupational sensorinerual deafness].

Aim Of The Study: to estimate the diagnostic value of various tests for the expert assessment of the functional state of the organ of hearing and equilibration in locomotive drivers employed by the Minsk branch of the Belorussian railway.

Materials And Methods: A total of 224 members of the locomotive teams were examined. Healthy men (n=56) served as controls.

[Bioequivalence of anvifen and phenibut].

An open randomized crossover test on 18 healthy volunteers was used to study the pharmacokinetics of anvifen (acting substance, aminophenylbutyric acid) manufactured in capsules at the Joint-Stock Company "Antiviral" (Russia). The test was performed after single peroral administration in comparison with phenibut tablets of the same manufacturer. The concentration of unchanged aminophenylbutiric acid in the blood plasma was measured by HPLC with UV detection.

[Multiple sclerosis in Eastern Siberia: a 20-year prospective study in Novosibirsk city].

A prospective epidemiological study of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been conducted in Novosibirsk with the following analysis of MS prevalence and incidence and estimation of the disease frequency in different age groups. The wave-like change of MS incidence within 1.5-2.

[Phasic audiometry in differential diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss of different etiology].

An original method of differential diagnosis of neurosensory hypoacusis of different etiology is proposed. It is based on registration of the threshold of hearing a short signal moving from 0 degree to 360 degrees against the fluctuation phase of the masking low-frequency tone. In hydrops of the labyrinth phasic audiogram presents as a straight line and demonstrates the lack of auditory thresholds modulation.

[The role of paracentesis in treating acute otitis media in young children].

The study was made of paracentesis efficacy in functional recovery of the acoustic tubes and tympanic membrane in infants with catarrhal and purulent otitis media acuta. Although the procedure had an insignificant effect on the rate of the tubal functional recovery, formation of big scars on the tympanic membrane was registered at dynamic otoscopy and impedancemetry in one case only. Paracentesis is recommended in diagnosis of perforation-free inflammations of the middle ear in infants.

[Status of humoral defense mechanisms of the middle ear in young children with acute suppurative otitis media].

The concentration of lysozyme and immunoglobulins was measured in serum and middle ear secretion of young children suffering from acute suppurative otitis. It was found that the local synthesis of lysozyme increased. The high concentration of lysozyme and low concentration of immunoglobulins of all classes in the middle ear secretion of children aged up to three years can be associated with an immature local humoral immune response.