Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries in a young seropositive woman with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Elevated susceptibility to acute myocardial infarction and various cardiovascular diseases has been observed in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus compared with the uninfected population, as demonstrated in numerous studies. The precise mechanism by which human immunodeficiency virus infection heightens the risk of acute myocardial infarction remains elusive. The manifestation of acute coronary syndrome in young patients with human immunodeficiency virus may deviate from the typical, displaying distinct pathophysiological and clinical characteristics.

Rare complications of infective endocarditis in marfan-like morphotype: diagnosis of multiple mitral valve aneurysms and aortic root abscess using three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.

Mitral valve aneurysm (MVA) is characterized by a saccular outpouching of the mitral leaflet, and it represents a rare condition typically associated with aortic valve endocarditis. Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography (3D-TEE) serves as an effective tool for detecting the presence of MVA and its potential complications. In this report, we present a case involving a young man with striking images of bicuspid aortic valve endocarditis complicated by an aortic root abscess and multiple perforated mitral valve aneurysms, diagnosed using 3D TEE.

Complex Coronary Artery Fistula in a Young Adult: Not Seeing the Wood for the Trees.

Coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) represent rare congenital anomalies that exhibit a wide range of clinical implications and a heightened risk of complications. It is imperative to accurately identify and delineate these fistulas to avoid missed diagnoses and to recommend suitable therapeutic measures. We present the case of a 46-year-old obese woman who was hospitalized for chest pain associated with palpitations.

Myocardial Infarction Caused by an Enclosed Thrombus in a Patent Foramen Ovale.

Paradoxical embolism in coronary artery is a rarely diagnosed clinical entity. In the majority of reported cases; the diagnostic of this pathology is « presumptive » based on certain criteria. It can be considered "proven" when the embolus is found lodged in the abnormal communication between the venous and arterial circulation; which is very rare.

Huge left atrial appendage aneurysm revealed by chronic hiccups.

Left atrial appendage (LAA) aneurysm is an extremely rare anomaly. So far, less than one hundred cases only have been reported worldwide. Revelation modes are dominated by complications such as arrhythmias and thromboembolic events.