The role of ultra-processed foods in plant-based diets: associations with human health and environmental sustainability.

Purpose: Investigate the associations of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in healthful (hPDI) and unhealthful (uPDI) plant-based diets with all-cause mortality, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), and blue water consumption (BWC).

Methods: Analyses were based on 35,030 participants (20-70 years; 74% females) from the EPIC-NL cohort who were followed up from 1993 to 1997 through 2014. Plant-based diet indices (hPDI and uPDI) and UPF consumption were calculated from a validated FFQ, assessed at baseline.

Mediators and moderators of the effects of a school-based intervention on adolescents' fruit and vegetable consumption: the HEIA study.

Objective: To examine whether targeted determinants mediated the effects of the HEalth In Adolescents (HEIA) intervention on fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption and explore if these mediating effects were moderated by sex, parental education or weight status.

Design: Cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Setting: The HEIA study (2007-2009) was a Norwegian 20-month multi-component school-based intervention to promote healthy weight development.