Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Secondary to Nitrofurantoin.

Nitrofurantoin is considered optimal treatment for acute uncomplicated cystitis by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and is being increasingly recommended due to microbial resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and various fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Adverse effects of nitrofurantoin are generally considered mild, with gastrointestinal complaints being the most common. However, there have been isolated case reports describing a more severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome-like reaction, which leads to diagnostic challenges and treatment complications.

Nutrition education effective in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among overweight and obese adults.

Despite the benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption on weight and decreased risk for chronic disease, Americans' intake of fruits and vegetables is well below the recommended daily servings. While previous studies have assessed fruit and vegetable consumption and the influence of educational interventions on fruit and vegetable intake, no studies to date have examined the effects of nutrition education combined with provision of fruits and vegetables on changes in fruit and vegetable consumption among overweight and obese adults. The objectives of this study were to evaluate fruit and vegetable consumption patterns, including intake of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables, provide education about benefits of consuming fruits and vegetables, expose participants to different varieties of fruits and vegetables, and improve fruit and vegetable consumption.

Review: effects of anesthetics on brain circuit formation.

The results of several retrospective clinical studies suggest that exposure to anesthetic agents early in life is correlated with subsequent learning and behavioral disorders. Although ongoing prospective clinical trials may help to clarify this association, they remain confounded by numerous factors. Thus, some of the most compelling data supporting the hypothesis that a relatively short anesthetic exposure can lead to a long-lasting change in brain function are derived from animal models.

Preclinical research into the effects of anesthetics on the developing brain: promises and pitfalls.

Every year millions of children are treated with anesthetics and sedatives to alleviate pain and distress during invasive procedures. Accumulating evidence suggests the possibility for deleterious effects on the developing brain. This has led to significant concerns among pediatric anesthesiologists and to the formation of the Pediatric Anesthesia NeuroDevelopmental Assessment (PANDA) group and its biannual symposium.

Anesthetic evaluation and perioperative management in a patient with new onset mediastinal mass syndrome presenting for emergency surgery.

Mediastinal mass syndrome (MMS) is a complex case that poses many challenges to the anesthesiologist. The cornerstone of management focuses on the potential hemodynamic changes associated with this syndrome. We describe the anesthetic management of a patient with a previously undiagnosed mediastinal mass presenting for emergency neurosurgical surgery.

Neuregulin effect on quantal content dissociated from effect on miniature endplate potential amplitude.

Members of the neuregulin family of signaling proteins increase transcription of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) subunit genes in muscle fibers and the number of AChRs in the muscle membrane. In adult mice heterozygous for targeted deletion of type I neuregulins (Ig-NRG(+/-)), postsynaptic AChR density was decreased and transmitter release was increased. We examined the relationship between functional AChR density and ACh release in postnatal day 7 (P7), P14, and adult NRG-deficient mice.