Clinically undetected polyclonal heteroresistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis respiratory specimens.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is the leading cause of death among patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and a common cause of difficult-to-treat hospital-acquired infections. P. aeruginosa uses several mechanisms to resist different antibiotic classes and an individual CF patient can harbour multiple resistance phenotypes.

High-molecular weight hyaluronan attenuates tubulointerstitial scarring in kidney injury.

Renal fibrosis features exaggerated inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and peritubular capillary loss. We previously showed that IL-10 stimulates high-molecular weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA) expression by fibroblasts, and we hypothesize that HMW-HA attenuates renal fibrosis by reducing inflammation and ECM remodeling. We studied the effects of IL-10 overexpression on HA production and scarring in mouse models of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) to investigate whether IL-10 antifibrotic effects are HA dependent.

T Lymphocytes Attenuate Dermal Scarring by Regulating Inflammation, Neovascularization, and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling.

While tissue injury and repair are known to involve adaptive immunity, the profile of lymphocytes involved and their contribution to dermal scarring remain unclear. We hypothesized that restoration of T cell deficiency attenuates dermal scarring. We assessed the temporal-spatial distribution of T lymphocytes and their subtypes during the physiological dermal wound repair process in mice.