Current evidence for pharmacologic therapy following stage 1 palliation for single ventricle congenital heart disease.

Introduction: Infants with single ventricle congenital heart disease are vulnerable to complications between stage 1 and stage 2 of palliation. Pharmaceutical treatment during this period is varied and often dependent on institutional practices as there is little evidence supporting a particular treatment path.

Areas Covered: This review focuses on medical management of patients following stage I palliation.

The Relationship Between Estimated Median Household Income and Critical Care Length of Stay in Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an important diagnosis in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and is associated with significant morbidity. We hypothesized children with DKA living in poorer communities would have unfavorable outcomes while critically ill. This single-center retrospective study included children with DKA admitted to a PICU over a 27-month period.

SLIME: robust, high-speed 3D microvascular mapping.

Three dimensional (3D) microvascular imaging of cubic millimeter to centimeter size volumes often requires much time and expensive instruments. By combining optical clearing with a novel scatter-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) contrast agent, we have greatly extended OCT imaging depth in excised tissues while maintaining a simple and low cost approach that does not require in-depth OCT knowledge. The new method enables fast 3D microvascular mapping in large tissue volumes, providing a promising tool for investigating organ level microvascular abnormalities in large cohorts.

Outcomes of Children With Critical Bronchiolitis Living in Poor Communities.

There are established associations between adverse health outcomes and poverty, but little is known regarding these associations in critically ill children. We hypothesized that living in poorer communities would be associated with unfavorable outcomes in children with critical bronchiolitis. This retrospective study included children with bronchiolitis admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) over a 2-year period.