Pediatric tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton violaceum and Trichophyton soudanense in Rochester, Minnesota, United States.

Background: Tinea capitis is a common pediatric dermatophyte infection. Its main pathogen in the United States is Trichophyton tonsurans accounting for greater than 95% of the infections. Other pathogens including Trichophyton violaceum and Trichophyton soudanense are common in Africa.

Rates of provision of clinical information in the skin biopsy requisition form and corresponding encounter visit note.

Background: The skin biopsy requisition form (RF) serves as a key communication tool for transfer of relevant information related to skin biopsy between clinicians and pathologists. Clinical information in the skin biopsy RF is frequently missing or incomplete.

Objective: To determine the rates of provision of critical clinical information necessary for histopathologic interpretation in the skin biopsy RF and encounter visit note (EVN).

Overdependence on degraded gist memory in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) reduces associative effects on false recognition in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott task, either due to impaired memory for gist or impaired use of gist in memory decisions. Gist processes were manipulated by blocking or mixing studied words according to their associations and by varying the associative strength between studied and nonstudied words at test. Both associative blocking and associative strength had smaller effects on false recognition in AD patients than in control participants, consistent with gist memory impairments.

Short-form Ron receptor is required for normal IFN-gamma production in concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury.

Abrogation of Ron receptor tyrosine kinase function results in defects in macrophage activation and dysregulated acute inflammatory responses in vivo. Several naturally occurring constitutively active alternative forms of Ron have been identified, including from primary human tumors and tumor cell lines. One of these alternative forms, short-form (SF) Ron, is generated from an alternative start site in intron 10 of the Ron gene that eliminates most of the extracellular portion of the receptor and is overexpressed in several human cancers.