Norovirus shedding among food and healthcare workers exposed to the virus in outbreak settings.

Background: Noroviruses (NoV) are highly contagious and the leading cause of nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis worldwide. Individuals who are infected asymptomatically may act as reservoirs and facilitate the transmission of NoV, but the likelihood of workers of becoming infected in outbreak settings has not been systematically studied.

Objectives: We evaluated the occurrence of norovirus infections among workers exposed to the virus in different outbreak settings.

[Norovirus outbreaks in geriatric centers: importance of an early detection].

Background And Objectives: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks of norovirus (NV) occur frequently in nursing homes. Gastrointestinal disorders and degree of dependence of residents complicate early detection and implementation of control measures. Our study's aim was to determine the incidence of NV in elderly care centers, transmission mechanisms and circulating genotypes.

Molecular and clinical epidemiology of norovirus outbreaks in Spain during the emergence of GII.4 2012 variant.

Background: Norovirus (NoV) is the most common cause of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, but the impact of NoV infections in Spain remains underestimated.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of NoVs causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Northeastern Spain (Catalonia) during 2010-2012, and to compare clinical features and levels of viral shedding of the most prevalent GII.4 2012 variant with its predecessor.

[Investigation of a neonatal case of Enterobacter sakazakii infection associated with the use of powdered infant formula].

Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe the investigation of a case of meningitis in a neonatal intensive care unit in order to identify the source of infection and the associated risk factors.

Material And Methods: An analysis was carried out on the possible risk factors associated with the infection. E.

Aetiology and epidemiology of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in Catalonia (Spain) in 2004-2005.

Background: Acute infectious gastroenteritis causes substantial morbidity and economic loss.

Objective: The aetiology, epidemiology, and clinical features of acute viral gastroenteritis outbreaks reported during 1 year in Catalonia were investigated.

Study Design: This was a population-based study in which enzyme immunoassay and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques were used to determine the presence of virus in stool specimens from outbreaks clinically and epidemiologically compatible with a viral aetiology and negative for bacteria, parasites and toxins.