Scn1a haploinsufficiency in the prefrontal cortex leads to cognitive impairment and depressive phenotype.

Altered development and function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during adolescence is implicated in the origin of mental disorders. Deficits in the GABAergic system prominently contribute to these alterations. Nav1.

Family and Community Medicine and its role in preventing health overuse (preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative).

In Medicine, it is critical "to offer 100% of what is needed and avoid 100% of what is not needed." Unfortunately, this primary issue is challenging, and generally, more than required is offered, and everything that is unnecessary is not avoided. This is a nonsystematic review with a teaching objective that reviews the general issue in primary care and suggests ways to avoid overuse and shortcomings concerning preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic, and rehabilitative interventions.

Long-lasting memory deficits in mice withdrawn from cocaine are concomitant with neuroadaptations in hippocampal basal activity, GABAergic interneurons and adult neurogenesis.

Cocaine addiction disorder is notably aggravated by concomitant cognitive and emotional pathology that impedes recovery. We studied whether a persistent cognitive/emotional dysregulation in mice withdrawn from cocaine holds a neurobiological correlate within the hippocampus, a limbic region with a key role in anxiety and memory but that has been scarcely investigated in cocaine addiction research. Mice were submitted to a chronic cocaine (20 mg/kg/day for 12 days) or vehicle treatment followed by 44 drug-free days.

[Longitudinality, prestige, good reputation (social and professional) and general/family medicine. Clinical and public health aspects. SESPAS Report 2012].

The reform of primary care in Spain in 1984 focussed mainly on skills and knowledge (physician training and working hours) and material resources (new buildings). The reform did not succeed in improving longitudinal care nor did it give primary care physicians greater power, that is, the reform did not increase coordination or strengthen the central role of the family physician in services provision. The lack of longitudinality has persisted over the years since the working methods that encourage it (and its resulting clinical and public health benefits) have not been stimulated.

[Ethical and practical problems of secondary prevention. Two paediatrics examples].

The concept of prevention is surrounded by a halo of optimism that can sometimes confuse, since it is not always borne out by the facts. The saying, "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure", is not always true. Moreover, preventive activities should be based on a much more solid scientific basis than curative activities, since we offer the former as an option, whereas we are required to provide the latter.

[Limits to the power of medicine to define disease and risk factor, and quarternary prevention].

Patient safety means to avoid unnecessary harm produces by health care activities. Quaternary prevention is a medical activity that try to avoid or decrease the health consequences of unnecessary or excesive health care. Physicians' definition of health, risk factor and disease justify many unnecessary medical interventions.