Long-Term Effects and Potential Impact of Early Nutrition with Breast Milk or Infant Formula on Glucose Homeostasis Control in Healthy Children at 6 Years Old: A Follow-Up from the COGNIS Study.

There is scarce evidence about early nutrition programming of dynamic aspects of glucose homeostasis. We analyzed the long-term effects of early nutrition on glycemic variability in healthy children. A total of 92 children participating in the COGNIS study were considered for this analysis, who were fed with: a standard infant formula (SF, = 32), an experimental formula (EF, = 32), supplemented with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) components, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), and synbiotics, or were breastfed (BF, = 28).

Association study of rs1801282 PPARG gene polymorphism and immune cells and cytokine levels in a Spanish pregnant women cohort and their offspring.

Background: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily functioning as transcription factors to regulate cellular differentiation, development and metabolism. Moreover, it has been implicated in the regulation of lipid metabolism, as well as the maturation of monocytes/macrophages and the control of inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Pro12Ala (rs1808212) PPARG gene polymorphism on immune molecular and cellular components in mothers and their offspring participating in the PREOBE study.

Protective Role of the Interleukin 33 rs3939286 Gene Polymorphism in the Development of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.

Objectives: To determine whether the interleukin-33 (IL-33)-interleukin-1 receptor like 1 (IL-1RL1) signaling pathway is implicated in the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: A total of 576 Spanish RA patients from Northern Spain were genotyped for 6 well-known IL33-IL1RL1 polymorphisms (IL33 rs3939286, IL33 rs7025417, IL33 rs7044343, IL1RL1 rs2058660, IL1RL1 rs2310173 and IL1RL1 rs13015714) by TaqMan genotyping assay. The presence of subclinical atherosclerosis was determined by the assessment of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) by carotid ultrasound (US).

Lack of association between JAK3 gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular disease in Spanish patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a polygenic disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular (CV) mortality. JAK/STAT signalling pathway is involved in autoimmune diseases and in the atherosclerotic process. JAK3 is a highly promising target for immunomodulatory drugs and polymorphisms in JAK3 gene have been associated with CV events in incident dialysis patients.

Osteoprotegerin CGA haplotype protection against cerebrovascular complications in anti-CCP negative patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease with high incidence of cardiovascular disease due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) has been associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic disease in the general population. Several polymorphisms in the OPG gene with functional effects on cardiovascular disease in non-rheumatic individuals have been described.

Interferon regulatory factor 5 genetic variants are associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex polygenic inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular (CV) disease risk. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a regulator of type I interferon induction. Recently, researchers have described an association between multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the IRF5 gene and some rheumatic disorders.

Lack of association between ABO, PPAP2B, ADAMST7, PIK3CG, and EDNRA and carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaques, and cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a polygenic disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Recent studies have identified the ABO rs579459, PPAP2B rs17114036, and ADAMTS7 rs3825807 polymorphisms as genetic variants associated with coronary artery disease and the PIK3CG rs17398575 and EDNRA rs1878406 polymorphisms as the most significant signals related to the presence of carotid plaque in nonrheumatic Caucasian individuals. Accordingly, we evaluated the potential relationship between these 5 polymorphisms and subclinical atherosclerosis (assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and presence/absence of carotid plaques) and CV disease in RA.

The ZC3HC1 rs11556924 polymorphism is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex polygenic disease associated with chronic inflammation, accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular (CV) mortality. A recent meta-analysis has described the ZC3HC1 rs11556924 polymorphism as one of the most important signals associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) in non-rheumatic Caucasian individuals. In this study we evaluated the potential association of this gene polymorphism with subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by the evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in RA patients.

SMAD3 rs17228212 gene polymorphism is associated with reduced risk to cerebrovascular accidents and subclinical atherosclerosis in anti-CCP negative Spanish rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Unlabelled: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex polygenic inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Previous genome-wide association studies have described SMAD3 rs17228212 polymorphism as an important signal associated with CV events. The aim of the present study was to evaluate for the first time the relationship between this gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to CV manifestations and its potential association with the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by the evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in patients with RA.

Study of association of CD40-CD154 gene polymorphisms with disease susceptibility and cardiovascular risk in Spanish rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Since CD40-CD154 binding has direct consequences on inflammation process initiation, we aimed to replicate previous findings related to disease susceptibility in Spanish RA population. Furthermore, as the major complication in RA disease patients is the development of CV events due to accelerated atherosclerosis, and elevated levels of CD40L/CD154 are present in patients with acute myocardial infarction, we assessed the potential association of CD40 and CD154/CD40L gene variants with CV risk in Spanish RA patients.

CARD8 rs2043211 (p.C10X) polymorphism is not associated with disease susceptibility or cardiovascular events in Spanish rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex polygenic inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, which is the main cause of increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in RA patients. CARD8 is a constituent of inflammasome, which regulates interleukin 1-beta production, and has been associated with a worse disease course in early RA. One thousand six hundred twenty-one patients fulfilling the 1987 ACR classification criteria for RA and 1300 matched controls, were genotyped for the CARD8 rs2043211 (30T>A, p.

Analysis of the interferon gamma (rs2430561, +874T/A) functional gene variant in relation to the presence of cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Since interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has a direct effect on inflammation, in this study we assessed the potential association of the IFNG functional gene variant rs2430561 with CV disease in patients with RA.

Methods: One thousand six hundred and thirty-five patients fulfilling the 1987 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for RA were genotyped for the IFNG (rs2430561, +874T/A) gene polymorphism using TaqMan genotyping assay.

Genetic markers of cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis.

Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the most common cause of premature mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is the result of an accelerated atherosclerotic process. Both RA and atherosclerosis are complex polygenic diseases.

NFKB1-94ATTG ins/del polymorphism (rs28362491) is associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) mortality. A recent study has disclosed association between NFKB1-94ATTG ins/del polymorphism and higher risk of coronary heart disease in healthy Caucasians. Because of that, we assessed the influence of this polymorphism in the risk of CV disease in RA patients.

Association study of MIA3 rs17465637 polymorphism with cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex polygenic inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. Melanoma inhibitor protein 3 (MIA3) is required for the export of collagen VlI (COL7A1) from the endoplasmic reticulum and it appears to be a tumor suppressor of malignant melanoma. Genome-wide association studies have described an association between MIA3 rs17465637 A/C polymorphisms and coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction.

Lack of association between the CXCL12 rs501120 polymorphism and cardiovascular disease in Spanish patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. CXCL12 is a strong chemotactic signal for lymphocytes. Because previous genome-wide association studies demonstrated an association between CXCL12 rs501120 and coronary artery disease, in the present study we assessed the potential association of this polymorphism with the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease in 1,321 Spanish patients with RA.

The lp13.3 genomic region -rs599839- is associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and high risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Since genome-wide association studies demonstrated association between rs599839 polymorphism and coronary artery disease, in the present study we assessed the potential association of this polymorphism with endothelial dysfunction, an early step in atherogenesis.

Methods: A total of 128 RA patients without history of CV events were genotyped for rs599839 A/G polymorphism.

Lack of association between TLR4 rs4986790 polymorphism and risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) activates the innate immune response via NF-kB pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, leading to expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The G allele of TLR4 rs4986790 (+896A>G, Asp299Gly) gene polymorphism has been implicated in reduction of risk of atherosclerosis.

Lack of association between IL6 single nucleotide polymorphisms and cardiovascular disease in Spanish patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex polygenic inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. IL-6 is a key mediator of inflammation in RA. A recent study showed an association between IL6-174 G/C gene polymorphism and cardiovascular (CV) disease in UK individuals with RA.

CCR5Δ32 variant and cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study.

Introduction: The aim of our study was to analyze the influence of the CCR5Δ32 polymorphism in the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and subclinical atherosclerosis among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: A total of 645 patients fulfilling the American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised classification criteria for RA were studied. Patients were genotyped for the CCR5 rs333 polymorphism using predesigned TaqMan assays.

No evidence of association of the KLF12 gene with rheumatoid arthritis in Spanish and Dutch cohorts and a meta-analysis of published data.

The aim of the present study was to replicate the previously reported association of KLF12 gene polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Two independent cohorts from Spain (1,360 RA patients and 1,520 controls) and the Netherlands (1,018 RA patients and 1,150 controls) were genotyped for KLF12 rs1887346 and rs9565072 single-nucleotide polymorphisms using a TaqMan 5'-allele discrimination assay. No evidence of association of RA with the minor T allele of rs9565072 (31.