Hybrid global gridded snow products and conceptual simulations of distributed snow budget: evaluation of different scenarios in a mountainous watershed.

Considering snowmelt in mountainous areas as the important source of streamflow, the snow accumulation/melting processes are vital for accurate simulation of the hydrological regimes. The lack of snow-related data and its uncertainties/conceptual ambiguity in snowpack modeling are the different challenges of developing hydroclimatological models. To tackle these challenges, Global Gridded Snow Products (GGSPs) are introduced, which effectively simplify the identification of the spatial characteristics of snow hydrological variables.

Performance evaluation of various evapotranspiration modeling scenarios based on METRIC method and climatic indexes.

Evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the most important factors controlling hydrologic, agricultural, and weather cycles. It also converts a large portion of rainfall into vapor, being known as the largest water flux from the earth into the atmosphere. Since ET is affected by many factors, such as land surface characteristics and climatic conditions, it undergoes considerable spatiotemporal variations, particularly at the watershed scale.