The Design and Impact of a Clinic-Based Community Program on Food Insecurity, Healthy Eating Behaviors, and Mood.

Food insecurity is a national issue that disproportionately impacts Louisiana citizens, contributing to the state's poor health outcomes. We know that the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and food pantries improve access to food, but we have limited data on what interventions improve food insecurity. The Geaux Get Healthy Clinical Program at Our Lady of the Lake (GGHOLOL) is a clinic-based community program that leverages community partnerships and a clinical setting to provide education and access to resources for individuals with food insecurity.

Interprofessional education as a potential foundation for future team-based prevention of alcohol use disorder.

Background: Effective screening of alcohol use and prevention of alcohol use disorder (AUD) requires the continuous preparation of educated and confident providers across all health professions who will ideally work in close collaboration in their future practices. As one mechanism for achieving this goal, the development and provision of interprofessional education (IPE) training modules for health care students may cultivate beneficial interactions among future health providers early in their formative education.

Methods: In the present study, we assessed attitudes about alcohol and confidence in screening and AUD prevention in 459 students at our health sciences center.

Difelikefalin, a peripherally restricted KOR (kappa opioid receptor) agonist, produces diuresis through a central KOR pathway.

Difelikefalin is a peripherally restricted kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist that was recently approved by the FDA to treat pruritis in dialysis patients. Here, we investigated the cardiovascular and renal responses to difelikefalin, and using the KOR antagonist norbinaltorphimine (norBNI), examined whether any difelikefalin-induced changes in the renal excretion of water and/or electrolytes were mediated through a central or peripheral KOR pathway. The effects of norBNI pretreatment on nalfurafine, a KOR agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier, were also examined.

Assessing dental student perceptions after engaging in a longitudinal interprofessional education curriculum: A preliminary study.

Purpose/objectives: Baseline IPE perceptions for dental students were gathered prior to the implementation of a 2-year formalised IPE curriculum at a US institution. The goal was to establish a baseline of student perceptions and, in the future, continue to track student IPE perception data with IPE engagement as one measure of outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to analyse two dental student cohort perceptions of IPE after engaging in a 2-year longitudinal curriculum.

What Factors Are Associated With Implant Failure?

Purpose: Recognition of patient-specific risk factors should reduce implant failure. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors associated with implant failure and to determine if these factors differ over time after implant placement.

Methods: The investigators implemented a retrospective case-controlled study and enrolled a sample composed of patients who had 1 or more implants removed from December 1, 2007 to February 29, 2020.

Improving stereotypes: The impact of interprofessional education in pre-health students.

Research within interprofessional education (IPE) indicates health professional students hold stereotypes of other health professions at all stages within their academic journey. IPE can minimize negative stereotypes and influence a student's willingness and readiness to collaborate with others. This article explores undergraduate pre-health student stereotypes of various health professionals at the beginning and end of a six-week summer academic enrichment program, which included IPE.

Alcohol Use Is Associated With Intestinal Dysbiosis and Dysfunctional CD8+ T-Cell Phenotypes in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: Inflammation persists among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) despite effective antiretroviral therapy and may contribute to T-cell dysfunction. Alcohol use is prevalent among PWH and promotes intestinal leak, dysbiosis, and a proinflammatory milieu. Whether alcohol use is associated with T-cell late differentiation remains to be investigated.

Comprehensive Assessment of Alcohol Consumption in People Living with HIV (PLWH): The New Orleans Alcohol Use in HIV Study.

Background: High frequency of alcohol use among people living with HIV (PLWH) warrants careful assessment and screening to better understand its impact on HIV disease progression and development of comorbidities. Due to the limitations of the tools used to measure alcohol use, the links to health consequences are not fully understood.

Methods: We completed a cross-sectional analysis to examine the prevalence of alcohol consumption using multiple alcohol assessment tools and their correlation and consistency in a cohort of PLWH (N = 365) enrolled in the New Orleans Alcohol Use in HIV (NOAH) Study.

Development of a Common Clinical Assessment Tool for Evaluation in Nurse Anesthesia Education.

There is a lack of standardization among evaluations completed by clinical educators of student registered nurse anesthetists (SRNAs) during their clinical education as reported by nurse anesthesia program administrators and students. To address this issue, the Council on Accreditation of Nurse Anesthesia Educational Programs (COA) Board created the Common Clinical Assessment Tool (CCAT) Special Interest Group to develop a standardized clinical evaluation instrument. The goal was to improve the consistency of clinical evaluation across nurse anesthesia programs while assisting program administrators to make programmatic changes to ensure compliance with COA standards.

Supporting Health System Transformation: The development of an integrated interprofessional curriculum inclusive of public health students.

Under pressures to support health system transformation, many health professional accreditation organizations have incorporated standards requiring interprofessional education. However, the inclusion of population health topics and public health or health administration students into IPE experiences is limited. With the belief that understanding and cooperation among the health professions will be important to support health system transformation, The Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans has created several IPE experiences focused on population health, programs that are examined in this article along with insights that could prove useful for other programs seeking to build IPE into their regular curricula.

Lifetime alcohol use among persons living with HIV is associated with frailty.

Background: The average lifespan of persons living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy approximates the general population. However, PLWH are susceptible to early aging and frailty. Behaviors such as alcohol consumption may contribute to frailty among PLWH.

Chronic Binge Alcohol-Associated Differential Brain Region Modulation of Growth Factor Signaling Pathways and Neuroinflammation in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Male Macaques.

Aims: Microarray analysis of hippocampal tissue from chronic binge alcohol (CBA)-administered, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected male macaques identified altered immune response and neurogenesis as potential mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in macaques. This study investigated the differential brain region associations between markers of neuroinflammation and growth factor signaling with microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) expression.

Methods: Adult male rhesus macaques were administered CBA (13-14 g EtOH/kg/week, n = 8) or sucrose (SUC, n = 7) beginning 3 months prior to SIV infection and continued until animals reached end-stage disease criteria (3-24 months post infection).

Longitudinal interprofessional education in a graduate physiology course.

The primary purpose of conducting two interprofessional education (IPE) experiences during a multidisciplinary physiology graduate-level course was to provide basic science, physical therapy, and physician assistant graduate students opportunities to work as a team in the diagnosis, treatment, and collaborative care when presented with a patient case focused on acute kidney injury (first case) and female athlete triad (second case). The secondary purpose was to apply basic physiology principles to patient case presentations of pathophysiology. The overall purpose was to assess the longitudinal effects and the value of IPE integrated within a basic science course.

The New Orleans Alcohol Use in HIV Study: Launching a Translational Investigation of the Interaction of Alcohol Use with Biological and Socioenvironmental Risk Factors for Multimorbidity in People Living with HIV.

Background: Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are highly prevalent in people living with HIV (PLWH) and are associated with increased HIV risk behaviors, suboptimal treatment adherence, potential interaction with medication pharmacodynamics, and greater risk for disease progression. Preclinical studies show that chronic binge alcohol administration accelerates disease progression and aggravates pathogenesis in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaque model despite viral suppression by antiretroviral therapy.

Methods: To translate preclinical findings in the rhesus macaque model of chronic binge alcohol administration and SIV infection and to address areas of uncertainty surrounding the biological mechanisms and socioenvironmental modifiers that contribute to the relationship between alcohol use and HIV-associated comorbidities, precocious aging, and disease progression, we designed a translational multiproject, longitudinal, cohort study, and the New Orleans Alcohol Use in HIV (NOAH) Study.

Exosomes from Nischarin-Expressing Cells Reduce Breast Cancer Cell Motility and Tumor Growth.

Exosomes are small extracellular microvesicles that are secreted by cells when intracellular multivesicular bodies fuse with the plasma membrane. We have previously demonstrated that Nischarin inhibits focal adhesion formation, cell migration, and invasion, leading to reduced activation of focal adhesion kinase. In this study, we propose that the tumor suppressor Nischarin regulates the release of exosomes.

A Bayesian Sequential Design for Clinical Trials with Time-to-Event Outcomes.

There is increasing interest in Bayesian group sequential design because of its potential to improve efficiency in clinical trials, to shorten drug development time, and to enhance statistical inference precision without undermining the clinical trial's integrity or validity. We propose a Bayesian sequential design for clinical trials with time-to-event outcomes and use alpha spending functions to control the overall type I error rate. Bayes factor is adapted for decision-making at interim analyses.

Collaborative Skill Building in Dentistry and Dental Hygiene through Intraprofessional Education: Application of a quality improvement model.

The purpose of this study was to apply a quality improvement model in the application of an intraprofessional educational experience by improving student perceptions of collaboration and increasing the number of collaborative experiences within the dental hygiene curriculum. A quality improvement model, Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), was used to initiate an intraprofessional education experience for dental hygiene and dental students. Faculty members utilized the PDSA worksheet to plan, implement, and analyze the educational experience.

Supporting health system transformation through an interprofessional education experience focused on population health.

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of an interprofessional education (IPE) experience on first year students across all schools of a health sciences center on the topic of pediatric immunizations. The authors conducted a pre-/post-test at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans with 731 first year students from 25 academic programs encompassing all six schools (Allied Health, Dentistry, Graduate Studies, Medicine, Nursing and Public Health). In the four questions related to the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) sub-competencies and the three questions related to professional role regarding immunizations, there was a statistically significant difference in the pre-/post-test survey results (P < 0.

The potential of interprofessional education to translate physiology curricula effectively into future team-based healthcare.

Incorporating active interprofessional education (IPE) opportunities into the classroom setting is a potentially effective mechanism to enhance student learning both in the basic sciences and for future interprofessional collaboration. We integrated an IPE exercise into a graduate-level human physiology course at our health sciences center that enrolled physician assistant (PA), physical therapy (PT), and graduate studies students. Our activity adopted and targeted the four Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) competency domains of values/ethics (VE), roles/responsibilities, interprofessional communication, and teams and teamwork (TT).

Developing Interprofessional Education at One U.S. Dental School: Establishing a Baseline and Moving Forward.

Dental schools across the U.S. are in the process of incorporating interprofessional education (IPE) into their curricula.

Increasing Awareness of the Roles, Knowledge, and Skills of Respiratory Therapists Through an Interprofessional Education Experience.

Background: The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the use of interprofessional education (IPE) to improve the knowledge and skill levels of nursing and occupational therapy students regarding respiratory therapy (RT) medical devices and techniques, nursing and RT students regarding safe patient transfers, and RT and occupational therapy students regarding safe handling of a patient's medical lines during transfers and (2) to promote collaborative behaviors.

Methods: A prospective mixed methods approach was used for data collection of an IPE high-fidelity simulation experience involving 73 nursing, occupational therapy, and RT students at an academic medical institution. The Interprofessional Education Collaborative roles and responsibilities and interprofessional communication sub-competency guided the development of the IPE experience.

Effectiveness of interprofessional education in renal physiology curricula for health sciences graduate students.

The primary purpose of conducting an interprofessional education (IPE) experience during the renal physiology block of a graduate-level course was to provide basic science, physical therapy, and physician assistant graduate students with an opportunity to work as a team in the diagnosis, treatment, and collaborative care of a patient with acute kidney injury. The secondary purpose was to enhance the understanding of basic renal physiology principles with a patient case presentation of renal pathophysiology. The overall purpose was to assess the value of IPE integration within a basic science course by examining student perceptions and program evaluation.

Promoting Hearing Health Collaboration Through an Interprofessional Education Experience.

Purpose: To enhance audiology and physician assistant (PA) student appreciation for collaboration/team-based care through an interprofessional educational activity focused on hearing assessments.

Method: A total of 18 students from Louisiana State University Health-New Orleans's audiology and PA programs participated in an optional interprofessional education learning opportunity, which included a demonstration of hearing assessments. To assess student perspectives regarding interprofessional learning, the students completed pre- and post-surveys.