Comparative analysis of the effects of different hypoxia mimetic agents on the secretome contents of conditioned medium obtained from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells cultured in 2 or 3-dimensional cell culture systems.

Paracrine factors secreted by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to have significant therapeutic potential. The secretome profiles of MSCs variate depending on culture conditions. Generally, the effects of a single preconditioning strategy on secretome profiles of MSCs were investigated.

Preconditioning of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells with a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor: Valproic Acid.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a key role in regenerative medicine due to their capacity to differentiate into multiple cell lines, regulate the immune system, and exert paracrine effects. The therapeutic impact of MSCs is primarily mediated through their secretome. The secretory and therapeutic potential of MSCs can be improved through preconditioning, which entails the application of hypoxic environments, 3-dimensional cell cultures, and pharmacological agents.

Effects of ∆-9 tetrahydrocannabinol on the small intestine altered by high fructose diet: A Histopathological study.

The consumption of fructose is increasing day by day. Understanding the impact of increasing fructose consumption on the small intestine is crucial since the small intestine processes fructose into glucose. ∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a key cannabinoid, interacts with CB1 and CB2 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, potentially mitigating inflammation.

Comparative analysis of effects of conditioned mediums obtained from 2D or 3D cultured mesenchymal stem cells on kidney functions of diabetic rats: Early intervention could potentiate transdifferentiation of parietal epithelial cell into podocyte precursors.

Aim: The secretome of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be a potential therapeutic intervention for diabetes and associated complications like nephropathy. This study aims to evaluate the effects of conditioned mediums (CMs) collected from umbilical cord-derived MSCs incubated under 2-dimensional (2D) or 3D culture conditions on kidney functions of rats with type-I diabetes (T1D).

Main Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 20 mg/kg streptozocin for 5 consecutive days to induce T1D, and 12 doses of CMs were applied intraperitoneally for 4 weeks.

Preconditioning of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells with deferoxamine potentiates the capacity of the secretome released from the cells and promotes immunomodulation and beta cell regeneration in a rat model of type 1 diabetes.

This study aimed to examine the effects of the secretome released by human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as a result of preconditioning with deferoxamine (DFX), a hypoxia mimetic agent, on type 1 diabetes (T1D), by comparing it with the secretome produced by untreated MSCs. Initially, the levels of total protein, IL4, IL10, IL17, and IFNγ in the conditioned medium (CM) obtained from MSCs subjected to preconditioning with 150 µM DFX (DFX-CM) were analyzed in comparison to CM derived from untreated MSCs (N-CM). Subsequently, the CMs were administered to rats with T1D within a specific treatment plan.

Investigation of conditioned medium properties obtained from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem/stromal cells preconditioned with dimethyloxalylglycine in a correlation with ultrastructural changes.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) hold significant therapeutic value due to their regeneration abilities, migration capacity, and immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory properties. These cells secrete soluble and insoluble factors, and this complex secretome contributes to their therapeutic effect. Furthermore, stimulation of cells by various external stimuli lead to secretome modifications that can increase the therapeutic efficacy.

2D and 3D cultured human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium has a dual effect in type 1 diabetes model in rats: immunomodulation and beta-cell regeneration.

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by the irreversible destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in pancreatic islets. Helper and cytotoxic T-cells and cytokine production, which is impaired by this process, take a synergetic role in β-cell destruction, and hyperglycemia develops due to insulin deficiency in the body. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appear like an excellent therapeutic tool for autoimmune diseases with pluripotent, regenerative, and immunosuppressive properties.

Therapeutic potential of conditioned medium obtained from deferoxamine preconditioned umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on diabetic nephropathy model.

Background: The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived conditioned media (CM) can be increased after preconditioning with various chemical agents. The aim of this study is comparative evaluation of effects of N-CM and DFS-CM which are collected from normal (N) and deferoxamine (DFS) preconditioned umbilical cord-derived MSCs on rat diabetic nephropathy (DN) model.

Methods: After incubation of the MSCs in serum-free medium with/without 150 µM DFS for 48 h, the contents of N-CM and DFS-CM were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Aspartame induces cancer stem cell enrichment through p21, NICD and GLI1 in human PANC-1 pancreas adenocarcinoma cells.

This study aimed to investigate the molecular effects of the common natural sugar glucose and artificial sweetener aspartame on cancer stem cell (CSC) population and cancer aggressiveness of PANC-1 human pancreas adenocarcinoma cells. According to our findings while aspartame exposure significantly increased the CSC population, high glucose had no effect on it. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker N-cadherin increased only in the aspartame group.

Efficacy of resveratrol in the wound healing process by reducing oxidative stress and promoting fibroblast cell proliferation and migration.

Oxidative stress (OS) is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic, chronic, and inflamed wounds. In these cases, wound healing is difficult and remains a big clinical challenge. As fibroblasts are crucial in wound healing by producing extracellular matrix and wound contraction, the researchers investigated the resveratrol (RES) effects as a potential therapeutic alternative, on an in vitro OS and wound healing model established by 3T3 Swiss Albino fibroblasts.

In-vitro investigation of calcitonin associated effects on the trophoblastic cells.

Calcitonin is expressed in the epithelium of endometrium, and modulates zonula adherens junctions which are composed of cadherin-catenins complex during the implantation window. Trophoblastic cells which have complex interaction with the epithelial cells of endometrium during implantation were demonstrated to have calcitonin receptors. Mechanism of action of calcitonin on trophoblastic cells has not yet been elucidated.

Comparison of different cryopreservation protocols for human umbilical cord tissue as source of mesenchymal stem cells.

The main purpose of this study is to establish an effective cryopreservation protocol for the umbilical cord tissue as a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this context, it was aimed to use a cryoprotectant that could be an alternative to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) which is commonly used despite the toxic side effects. Therefore, two different cryopreservation solutions were prepared using 10% DMSO and 10% 1,2 propanediol (PrOH).

Ultrastructural analysis of human umbilical cord derived MSCs at undifferentiated stage and during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as an important tool for regenerative medicine and experimental treatments. Unveiling the ultrastructural changes during the differentiation of MSCs might help us to understand the nature of the process and to develop novel therapeutic approaches. For this purpose, human umbilical cord (hUC) was chosen as MSC source.

CB-1R and GLP-1R gene expressions and oxidative stress in the liver of diabetic rats treated with sitagliptin.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem affecting millions of people. Controlled eating and regular physical activity are important for the management of type 2 diabetes. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin is a potent agent for the treatment of type-2 diabetes.

The role of ghrelin on apoptosis, cell proliferation and oxidant-antioxidant system in the liver of neonatal diabetic rats.

Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide hormone which stimulates appetite and regulates glucose metabolism and adipogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ghrelin has protective effects in the liver of streptozocin (STZ) diabetic rats or not. Wistar-type neonatal rats were divided into four groups: I.

Estradiol induces JNK-dependent apoptosis in glioblastoma cells.

Estrogens exert multiple regulatory actions on cellular events in a variety of tissues including the brain. In the present study, the signaling mechanisms of the concentration-dependent effects of 17-β-estradiol (estradiol) on glioblastoma cells were investigated. Cell viability was evaluated by the trypan blue exclusion assay.

Effect of early preoperative 5-fluorouracil on the integrity of colonic anastomoses in rats.

Aim: To determine the effect of chemotherapy on wound healing by giving early preoperative 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to rats with colonic anastomoses.

Methods: Sixty Albino-Wistar male rats (median weight, 235 g) were used in this study. The rats were fed with standard laboratory food and given tap water ad libitum.

The potential role of combined anti-oxidants against cadmium toxicity on liver of rats.

Cadmium (Cd), a widely distributed toxic trace metal, has been shown to accumulate in liver after long- and short-term exposure. Cd (2 mg/kg/day CdCl2) was intraperitoneally given to rats for eight days. Vitamin C (250 mg/kg/day) + vitamin E (250 mg/kg/day) + sodium selenate (0.

The effects of combined alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and selenium against cadmium toxicity in rat intestine.

In this study, the effects of combined antioxidants treatment against cadmium toxicity were investigated microscopically, immunohistochemically, and biochemically in small intestine of Sprague Dawley rats. The rats were subdivided into four groups as intact control, cadmium was administrated, and both control and cadmium groups treated with ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium. Metallothionein expression was localized in the base of intestinal glands in control rats and similar expression was observed with antioxidants treatment.

A plant oxylipin, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells by targeting cyclin D1.

Cyclin D1 overexpression has been associated with poor prognosis and resistance to therapy in human breast cancer. Thus, the development of therapeutic agents that selectively target cyclin D1 activity is of clinical interest. This study demonstrates that 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a phytohormone with critical functions in growth and development in plants, induces growth arrest in MDA-MB-231 and T47D breast cancer cells.

JNK pathway regulates estradiol-induced apoptosis in hormone-dependent human breast cancer cells.

Estrogen is known to stimulate breast cancer development in humans. Ironically, high doses of estrogen can induce regression of hormone-dependent breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The mechanism by which estrogen induces tumour regression in breast cancer is still unknown.

Simvastatin induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells: p53 and estrogen receptor independent pathway requiring signalling through JNK.

The effect of simvastatin, a widely used statin for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, was investigated in the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF-7, and the ER-negative MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cell lines. Simvastatin induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in both cells. These effects of simvastatin were not altered by 17-beta-estradiol treatment.

Influence of combined antioxidants against cadmium induced testicular damage.

Acute effects of cadmium (Cd) and combined antioxidants were evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rat testes. The rats were subdivided into four groups. Cadmium chloride (2mg/kgday) injected intraperitoneally during 8 days.

Effects of leucocytospermia on semen parameters and outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Leucocytes are present throughout the male reproductive tract but the clinical significance of leucocytic infiltration in the human ejaculate is controversial. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines leucocytospermia as the presence of peroxidase-positive leucocytes in concentrations of > or =1 x 10(6)/mL of semen. The goals of this study were to clarify the relationship between leucocytospermia and semen parameters including sperm concentration, progressive and total motility before and after semen preparation, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes, including fertilization, embryo development, embryo morphology, cleavage and pregnancy rates.

Ginkgo biloba extract regulates differentially the cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide and simvastatin.

Several human diseases have been associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequently various antioxidants emerged as potential therapeutic agents that scavenge ROS. As an oxidative stress model of human disease, we used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to study effect of ROS on C6 glioma cells as a surrogate for astrocytes. H2O2 induced dose- and time-dependent apoptotic cell death which was preceded by growth arrest, and transiently activated the signalling proteins ATF-2, ERK1/2 and AKT in C6 glioma cells.