Long-term egg-protein hydrolysate consumption improves endothelial function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in older adults with overweight or obesity.

Purpose: The dietary egg-protein hydrolysate Newtricious (NWT)-03 has previously demonstrated improvements in blood pressure and metabolic profiles. However, the long-term effects on vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers are unknown.

Methods: Forty-four older (aged 60-75) adults with overweight/obesity experiencing elevated Subjective Cognitive Failures (SCF) were randomized into a 36-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Recommended or high daily intakes of plant stanol esters do not affect T-cell derived cytokine production in immunologically healthy volunteers.

A well-functioning immune system requires balanced immune responses. studies have shown that plant stanols contribute to restoring the T-helper (Th)1/Th2 ratio when it is imbalanced. However, effects of plant stanols on healthy immune responses are unknown.

Effects of dietary proteins on cognitive performance and brain vascular function in adults: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

The incidence of cognitive decline is rising, leading to increased attention on the preventive role of healthy foods on brain function. Previous reviews including primarily observational studies suggested that dietary proteins may improve cognitive performance, but evidence from individual randomised controlled trials (RCT) is less consistent. Therefore, this systematic review examined the long-term effects of dietary proteins from RCT, considering both their amount and type, on cognitive performance (psychomotor speed and attention, executive function, memory and global cognition).

Long-term effects of an egg-protein hydrolysate on cognitive performance and brain vascular function: a double-blind randomized controlled trial in adults with elevated subjective cognitive failures.

Purpose: Short-term intake of the egg-protein hydrolysate Newtricious (NWT)-03 improved executive function, but underlying mechanisms and long-term effects, including other cognitive domains, are unknown.

Methods: A 36-week randomized controlled trial involving 44 overweight/obese individuals experiencing elevated Subjective Cognitive Failures (SCF; aged 60-75 years) assessed the impact of daily consumption of 5.7 g of NWT-03 or placebo powders on cognitive performance (psychomotor speed, executive function, memory) and Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF), a marker of brain vascular function.

Fluid balance versus weighing: A comparison in ICU patients: A single center observational study.

Background: The fluid balance is a critical parameter in intensive care units (ICU) as it provides information about the patient's volume status. However, the accuracy of fluid balance measurements is often compromised due to the complexity and repetition of actions involved. Additionally, the fluid balance could be recalculated for insensible fluid loss.

Plant stanol consumption increases anti-COVID-19 antibody responses, independent of changes in serum cholesterol concentrations: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: People with overweight/obesity generally have impaired immune responses, resulting among others in increased risk of severe complaints and hospitalization after infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19), as well as decreased antibody production after vaccinations. Plant stanol ester previously increased the combined IgM/IgG antibody titers toward a hepatitis A vaccination in patients with allergic asthma, but the underlying mechanism is unknown.

Objectives: We evaluated whether plant stanol ester consumption improved the immune response in subjects with overweight/obesity after a COVID-19 vaccination.

Mixed nut consumption improves brain insulin sensitivity: a randomized, single-blinded, controlled, crossover trial in older adults with overweight or obesity.

Background: Improving brain insulin sensitivity, which can be assessed by measuring regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) responses to intranasal insulin, may prevent age-related metabolic and cognitive diseases.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate longer-term effects of mixed nuts on brain insulin sensitivity in older individuals with overweight/obesity.

Methods: In a randomized, single-blinded, controlled, crossover trial, 28 healthy adults (mean ± standard deviation: 65 ± 3 years; body mass index: 27.

Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Compared with Those of Continuous Energy Restriction on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Adults.

The interest in intermittent energy restriction (IER) diets as a weight-loss approach is increasing. Different IER protocols exist, including time-restricted eating (TRE), alternate-day fasting (ADF), and the 5:2 diet. This meta-analysis compared the effects of these IER diets with continuous energy restriction (CER) on anthropometrics and cardiometabolic risk markers in healthy adults.

European Real-World Assessment of the Clinical Validity of a CE-IVD Panel for Ultra-Fast Next-Generation Sequencing in Solid Tumors.

Molecular profiling of solid tumors facilitates personalized, targeted therapeutic interventions. The ability to perform next-generation sequencing (NGS), especially from small tissue samples, in a short turnaround time (TAT) is essential to providing results that enable rapid clinical decisions. This multicenter study evaluated the performance of a CE in vitro diagnostic (IVD) assay, the Oncomine Dx Express Test, on the Ion Torrent Genexus System for detecting DNA and RNA variants in solid tumors.

Longer-term effects of the egg-protein hydrolysate NWT-03 on arterial stiffness and cardiometabolic risk markers in adults with metabolic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Background: Short-term intake of egg-derived protein hydrolysates, such as NWT-03, suggest improvements in arterial stiffness and metabolic profiles, but longer-term trials are lacking. This study therefore examined the longer-term effects of NWT-03 on arterial stiffness and cardiometabolic markers in men and women with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: Seventy-six adults with metabolic syndrome (age 61 ± 10 years; BMI 31.

Longer-term mixed nut consumption improves brain vascular function and memory: A randomized, controlled crossover trial in older adults.

Background: Nut consumption may reduce age-related cognitive decline, but underlying mechanisms are unclear.

Objective: To investigate in older adults longer-term effects of mixed nut consumption on brain vascular function, which may underlie improvements in cognitive performance.

Methods: Twenty-eight healthy individuals (age [mean ± SD]: 65 ± 3 years; BMI: 27.

The effects of long-term almond consumption on whole-body insulin sensitivity, postprandial glucose responses, and 48 h continuous glucose concentrations in males and females with prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Findings concerning the effects of almond consumption on glucose metabolism are inconsistent which might relate to body weight gain. The effects of long-term almond consumption on glucose metabolism are investigated in a free-living setting without detailed dietary instructions in males and females with overweight/obesity and prediabetes.

Methods: Forty-three participants volunteered in this randomized, cross-over trial with a 5-months control and intervention period and a 2-months wash-out.

Relation between single nucleotide polymorphisms in circadian clock relevant genes and cholesterol metabolism.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in circadian clock relevant genes are associated with several metabolic health variables, but little is known about their associations with human cholesterol metabolism. Therefore, this study examined associations between SNPs in ARNTL, ARNTL2, CLOCK, CRY1, CRY2, PER2, and PER3 with the intestinal cholesterol absorption markers campesterol and sitosterol, the endogenous cholesterol synthesis marker lathosterol, and total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations in 456 healthy individuals from Western European descent. One SNP in ARNTL2 (rs1037924) showed a significant association with lathosterol.

Replacing Foods with a High-Glycemic Index and High in Saturated Fat by Alternatives with a Low Glycemic Index and Low Saturated Fat Reduces Hepatic Fat, Even in Isocaloric and Macronutrient Matched Conditions.

Background: Current guidelines aim to limit the dietary glycemic index (GI) and intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Several studies have shown favorable effects of low-GI or low-SFA diets on intrahepatic lipid content (IHL), but these studies were performed under overfeeding conditions or extreme differences in GI or SFA to maximize the contrast between diets. By combining changes in GI and SFA, we can mimic how people can improve their diet in a realistic setting.

A Transient Inflammatory Response Induced by Lipopolysaccharide Infusion Lowers Markers of Endogenous Cholesterol and Bile Acid Synthesis in Healthy Normocholesterolemic Young Men.

Inflammation is associated with changes in plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). It is unknown if the changes in lipids and lipoproteins during inflammation are related to changes in cholesterol absorption, synthesis, and bile acid synthesis. We, therefore, examined the effects of acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced transient systemic inflammation on lipids, lipoproteins, CEC, and markers of cholesterol metabolism.

Serum Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration Is Not Dependent on Cholesterol Synthesis and Absorption in Healthy Humans.

Introduction. Pharmacological reduction of cholesterol (C) synthesis and C absorption lowers serum low-density lipoprotein C (LDL-C) concentrations. We questioned whether high baseline C synthesis or C absorption translates into high serum LDL-C concentrations or if there was no connection.

Investigating microRNAs to Explain the Link between Cholesterol Metabolism and NAFLD in Humans: A Systematic Review.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic free cholesterol accumulation. In addition, microRNAs (miRNAs) might be involved in NAFLD development. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the literature to examine the link between miRNAs and cholesterol metabolism in NAFLD.

Effects of the egg protein hydrolysate NWT-03 on cognitive function in men and women with the metabolic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

The metabolic syndrome is associated with cardiovascular diseases and cognitive decline. The egg protein hydrolysate NWT-03 has shown to improve cardiovascular risk factors in humans. This study investigated whether NWT-03 also has an effect on cognitive function.

Effects of Intranasal Insulin Administration on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Performance in Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Intervention Studies.

Introduction: Brain insulin resistance is an important hallmark of age-related conditions, including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dementia. This systematic review summarized effects of cerebral blood flow (CBF) responses to intranasal insulin to assess brain insulin sensitivity in healthy and diseased populations. We also explored relationships between changes in brain insulin sensitivity and cognitive performance.

Effects of Physical Exercise Training on Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements: A Systematic Review of Human Intervention Studies.

The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of physical exercise training on cerebral blood flow (CBF), which is a physiological marker of cerebrovascular function. Relationships between training-induced effects on CBF with changes in cognitive performance were also discussed. A systematic search was performed up to July 2022.

Acute Effects of Inorganic Nitrate Intake on Brachial and Femoral Flow-Mediated Vasodilation, and on Carotid Artery Reactivity Responses: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Cross-Over Study in Abdominally Obese Men.

Most trials on the effects of inorganic nitrate intake have focused on only one specific aspect of the endothelial cell response to a stimulus, thereby possibly missing other important effects. The aim of the present randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over study was therefore to investigate in eighteen healthy abdominally obese men (18-60 years, waist circumference ≥ 102 cm) acute effects of potassium nitrate on brachial and femoral flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), and on carotid artery reactivity (CAR) to a cold pressure test. Participants received in random order a drink providing 10 mmol potassium nitrate (i.

Aerobic exercise training improves not only brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilatation but also carotid artery reactivity: A randomized controlled, cross-over trial in older men.

It is well-known that aerobic exercise training beneficially affects endothelial function as measured by brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). This trial with older sedentary overweight and obese men, therefore, examined the effects of aerobic training on other non-invasive markers of the vasculature, which have been studied in less detail. Seventeen men (67 ± 2 years, BMI: 30.

Acute inorganic nitrate intake increases regional insulin action in the brain: Results of a double-blind, randomized, controlled cross-over trial with abdominally obese men.

Aims: Improving brain insulin sensitivity may be a promising approach in the prevention and treatment of metabolic and cognitive diseases. Our aim was to investigate acute effects of inorganic nitrate on regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) responses to intranasal insulin in abdominally obese men.

Methods: Eighteen apparently healthy men, aged 18-60 years and with a waist circumference ≥ 102 cm, participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial.