[Quantum processes in evolution of regulation of living system (mathematical modelling)].

We have developed an imitation model of the appearance of regulation of physiological functions of protocell at the initial stages of evolution of living system. It is based on suggestion of the appearance of signal function in spontaneously formed products of partial hydrolysis of the protocell polypeptides, based on which there appear the regulatory molecules--quanta of regulation. For construction of the model, the mathematical apparatus of final automats and of genetic algorithm is used.

[The model of development of science by the example of limnology].

Limnology--the science about lakes is the young and relatively closed area of studies; its existence is owing to several hundreds of scientists. The International Society of Limnologists holds its meetings since 1922. We used materials of these meetings to find out the main stages of development of this science; among these stages there were both fast and relatively calm periods.

[The history of development of evolutionary methods in St. Petersburg school of computer simulation in biology].

The history of rise and development of evolutionary methods in Saint Petersburg school of biological modelling is traced and analyzed. Some pioneering works in simulation of ecological and evolutionary processes, performed in St.-Petersburg school became an exemplary ones for many followers in Russia and abroad.

[Attempt at computer modeling of evolution of human society].

A model of evolution of human society and biosphere, which is based on the concepts of V. I. Vernadskii about noosphere and of L.

[Imitational modeling of evolution: from organic macromolecules to protocell and animal cell].

A dynamic imitational model is developed of initial stages of cell evolution based on role of environmental cation concentration. The model is developed on our hypothesis, concerning the medium of the appearance of protocells. Could be potassium water reservoirs rather than sea salt water with its predominance of sodium salts.

[Coupled evolution of digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and excretory systems: a model investigation].

A model is developed of evolution of an organism with digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and excretory systems at the single system. The model is realized on the basis of the language STELLA 8.0.

[Computer simulation of different types of evolutionary process].

The computer model of two alternative variants of biological evolution is proposed. The first variant supposes random while the second--directed change of individual features, thus corresponding to the Darwinian and non-Darwinian evolution. The evolution of fish communities in fresh waters serves as a particular example.

[Ecologo-economical model of the region development based on the expert approach (example of Bieszczad montain region, Poland)].

A computer simulation has been developed for the dynamics of forest communities and abundance of wild animals in the Bieszczad mountain region (Carpathians, Southern Poland) at the background of changing quality of water resulting from the development of tourism and agriculture. The simulation operates on scaled variables in the 0-1 range. The functional relationships in the simulation were determined by the Delphi evaluation.

[Reactions of a neuronal network model with stochastic connections to frequency variations and interval structure of input signals].

A computer model of neuron network with stochastic ally organized connections was studied. The constructed neural network found to be highly sensitive to the interval structure of input signals and is capable of integrating and encoding them by the ratio of frequencies of pulsations of neurons comprising the network. The results obtained suggest that essential in modelling real brain structures is both the stochastic distribution of interneuron connections and specific configuration of anatomic connections of the real neural network.

[Evolutionary physiology and related sciences].

A brief historical review of development of the evolutionary physiology as an independent discipline. Description of the problems and methodology of the evolutionary physiology in the historical perspective. Interrelation of the evolutionary physiology and the related physiological and biological disciplines, specific features of the evolutionary physiology as an independent research discipline.

[Simulation of the macro-evolutionary process on computers].

The discussed model is designed for investigation of peculiarities and dynamics of the growth of evolutionary trees. The model is realized in FORTRAN, properties and principles of interaction of populations being the basis of this model. The results obtained reveal an extreme dependence of the pattern of evolutionary process from the parameters of competition, as well as the fact that evolutionary trees plotted with incomplete number of characters may be entirely different from real ones.