Evaluating the Construct Validity of Instructional Manipulation Checks as Measures of Careless Responding to Surveys.

Careless responding measures are important for several purposes, whether it's screening for careless responding or for research centered on careless responding as a substantive variable. One such approach for assessing carelessness in surveys is the use of an instructional manipulation check. Despite its apparent popularity, little is known about the construct validity of instructional manipulation checks as measures of careless responding.

Peer-Assisted Learning Is More Effective at Higher Task Complexity and Difficulty.

This paper presents two studies in which a peer-assisted learning condition was compared to an individual learning condition. The first study used the paired-associates learning task and the second study used an incrementally more complex task-the remote associate test. Participants in the peer-assisted learning condition worked in groups of four.

Discovery of novel amino acid production traits by evolution of synthetic co-cultures.

Background: Amino acid production features of Corynebacterium glutamicum were extensively studied in the last two decades. Many metabolic pathways, regulatory and transport principles are known, but purely rational approaches often provide only limited progress in production optimization. We recently generated stable synthetic co-cultures, termed Communities of Niche-optimized Strains (CoNoS), that rely on cross-feeding of amino acids for growth.

Communities of Niche-optimized Strains (CoNoS) - Design and creation of stable, genome-reduced co-cultures.

Current bioprocesses for production of value-added compounds are mainly based on pure cultures that are composed of rationally engineered strains of model organisms with versatile metabolic capacities. However, in the comparably well-defined environment of a bioreactor, metabolic flexibility provided by various highly abundant biosynthetic enzymes is much less required and results in suboptimal use of carbon and energy sources for compound production. In nature, non-model organisms have frequently evolved in communities where genome-reduced, auxotrophic strains cross-feed each other, suggesting that there must be a significant advantage compared to growth without cooperation.

Checkpoint kinase 1 is essential for normal B cell development and lymphomagenesis.

Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) is critical for intrinsic cell cycle control and coordination of cell cycle progression in response to DNA damage. Despite its essential function, CHK1 has been identified as a target to kill cancer cells and studies using Chk1 haploinsufficient mice initially suggested a role as tumor suppressor. Here, we report on the key role of CHK1 in normal B-cell development, lymphomagenesis and cell survival.

Assessing cognitive alignment in different types of dialog by means of a network model.

We present a network model of dialog lexica, called TiTAN (Two-layer Time-Aligned Network) series. TiTAN series capture the formation and structure of dialog lexica in terms of serialized graph representations. The dynamic update of TiTAN series is driven by the dialog-inherent timing of turn-taking.

The hyo-laryngeal complex of Tarsius bancanus (Mammalia, Primates): a developmental and phylogenetic aspect.

The present approach reconstructed the hyo-laryngeal complex of fetal Tarsius bancanus by using the AMIRA 3.1.1 software.

The mole's thumb -- evolution of the hand skeleton in talpids (Mammalia).

Osteological specimens representing 15 out of the 16 currently recognized talpid genera were examined and scored for seven discrete morphological characters of the hand. The phylogenetic distribution of these characters was studied in the context of alternative hypotheses of talpid relationships, using three species of shrews and a hedgehog as outgroups. All talpids show a similar number and arrangement of carpal bones.

Contracting with health-care customers and specialists for the provision of telemedicine services across European borders: the TEN-Telemed Legal Project.

Two generic contract models have been developed to resolve the legal and ethical issues that arise when contracting for telemedicine services across Europe. Model 1 relates to the risks and responsibilities of the expert providing and specialist opinion and the telemedicine service organization, while model 2 outlines the risks and responsibilities from the perspective of the client seeking the advice and (again) the telemedicine service organization. These contracts express the legal rights and responsibilities of each of the parties involved.

Cervical kyphosis after resolution of myopathic head drop. A case report.

Study Design: This is a case report.

Objectives: To present a case of cervical kyphosis after resolution of myopathic head drop.

Summary Of Background Data: Myopathic head drop is a severe and persistent local myopathy that never progresses beyond the neck extensor muscles.

Choroid plexus histoplasmoma: clinical, pathologic, and imaging findings.

Histoplasmosis of the choroid plexus has not previously been described. We report its occurrence, as well as its clinical, pathologic, and imaging characteristics in one case. Clinically, our patient's choroid plexus lesion produced encephalopathy and third nerve palsy.

Nuclear accumulation of multiple protein kinases during prolactin-induced proliferation of Nb2 rat lymphoma cells.

Intracellular kinases play important roles in signal transduction and are involved in the surface receptor-mediated regulation of cellular functions, including mitogenesis. In the present study, we examined the possible involvement of various protein kinases in the passage of a mitogenic signal from the cell surface to the nucleus of Nb2 cells, a rat nodal lymphoma cell line in which prolactin is a mitogen. Following a prolactin challenge, various kinase activities were monitored at short intervals in different cellular fractions over a 60 min period.

CT aortography of thoracic aortic rupture.

Objective: Emergent aortography is commonly used to confirm and define a suspected thoracic aortic rupture detected by CT screening. We evaluated whether helical CT aortography can replace transcatheter aortography for critically injured patients.

Subjects And Methods: Over 22 months, 38 thoracic aorta and great vessel injuries were detected in 3229 patients with nontrivial blunt chest trauma who underwent helical CT screening.

Solitary focal demyelination in the brain as a paraneoplastic disorder.

Solitary focal demyelination (SFD) in the brain is an uncommon and poorly understood disorder of uncertain etiology that may represent an intermediate entity between multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. In a few reported cases of SFD, the patient was briefly noted to have a nonneurological malignancy. We studied two patients who had solitary focal lesions in the brain.

Blunt traumatic aortic rupture: detection with helical CT of the chest.

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of helical computed tomography (CT) as a screening device to detect traumatic aortic rupture.

Materials And Methods: Helical CT was used to examine 1,518 patients with nontrivial blunt trauma. Of these patients, 127 (8.

Prognostic factors after acute subdural hematoma.

Factors that have been shown to affect outcome after acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) include age, Injury Severity Score (ISS), intracranial pressure (ICP), direct admission to a trauma center, presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage, score on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and timing of operation. However, these data come from selected patient populations (e.g.

Nonoperative management of blunt hepatic trauma is the treatment of choice for hemodynamically stable patients. Results of a prospective trial.

Background: A number of retrospective studies recently have been published concerning nonoperative management of minor liver injuries, with cumulative success rates greater than 95%. However, no prospective analysis that involves a large number of higher grade injuries has been reported. The current study was conducted to evaluate the safety of nonoperative management of blunt hepatic trauma in hemodynamically stable patients regardless of injury severity.

Acute subdural hematoma: nonsurgical management of selected patients.

There is a current trend toward nonsurgical therapy for small, minimally symptomatic acute subdural hematomas (ASDH), but data supporting such a scheme have been lacking. We evaluated 83 patients with minimally symptomatic ASDH (Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 11-15) and found 58 managed nonsurgically (70%) and 25 managed with craniotomy (30%). Patients managed without surgery had a lower incidence of focal neurologic deficits (12% vs.

Radiologic manifestations of thoracic vascular Behçet's disease in African-American men.

Multiple pulmonary artery aneurysms associated with pulmonary artery thromboses and infarctions are uncommon and occur almost exclusively in Behçet's disease (BD). Because of the rarity of the disease outside endemic areas, sporadic cases may go unrecognized. We report two African-American men with thoracic vascular manifestations of BD.