Training-induced changes in aerobic aptitudes of professional basketball players.

We investigated the effects of a training program on the aerobic aptitudes and the relevance of the instant of equality of pulmonary gas exchange (i. e., RER = 1.

Reproducibility of the instant of equality of pulmonary gas exchange and its physiological significance.

Aim: The goal of this work was to highlight the effectiveness of a new submaximal exercise index of aerobic endurance using a single incremental test: the time at which oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide output are equal, i.e., when the respiratory exchange ratio (RER)=1.

Branched-chain aminoacids and retraining of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.

Background: The aim of this work was to improve the efficacy of rehabilitation by retraining, by oral supply in branched-chain aminoacids (BCAA). Patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency mainly suffer from obstructive bronchitis due to tobacco or asthma. Nutritional assessment is one of the components of respiratory rehabilitation, with retraining.

Study of blood flow parameters measured in femoral artery after exercise: correlation with maximum oxygen uptake.

To study the recovery periods of blood flow parameters in muscles after anaerobic exercise, instantaneous and mean blood flow velocity curves were recorded in the femoral artery in 22 sportsmen at rest and during the first 4 min of recovery after exercise (Ruffier-Dickson test). A flat ultrasonic probe connected to a Doppler system (Flow-Tester) was fixed on the skin at the level of the common femoral artery. From Doppler recordings, we calculated periods of recovery (return to baseline) of femoral blood flow velocity (FBFV RP), heart rate (HR RP) and femoral stroke distance (FSD RP).

[Assessment of physical and sports aptitudes, overtraining prevention, and prevention of doping].

Present levels of training loads--which can exceed thirty hours a week for high level sportsmen--expose to overwork then to overtraining syndrome and finally to temptation of doping. At the same time testing techniques improve, particularly exercise tests with a linearly increasing load, and the follow-up of training effects on physical fitness provides more accurate data. The specialized literature has developed the notions of cardiac frequency reserve and of oxygen intake reserve within the last ten years.

[The rehabilitation of chronic respiratory insufficiency].

Respiratory rehabilitation is defined as a medical practice including a multidisciplinary medical program fitting each individual. Personalized retraining by means of exercises, is the master part of it, its aim is to improve the physical fitness in specialised institution then to maintain it when he becomes an out patient. In both cases, this retraining complies with strict rules concerning the mode of exercises (imposed power--duration of sessions--weekly frequency--progressiveness of overloading .

Acoustic properties of the normal chest.

Laënnec invented the stethoscope in 1816 and published a treatise on auscultation in 1819. We then had to wait until the 1950s to observe development of modern devices and methods of recording and signal-processing, which allowed objective studies of lung sounds in time and frequency fields. Tracheobronchial sounds generated by ventilation originate in the upper airways, the frequency content of these sounds has led to extensive research.

[The value of respiratory function tests in the surveillance of asthmatic children].

The purpose of pulmonary function testing in children with asthma is to search for obstructive airway disease. We examined the charts of 169 asthmatic children during intervals between acute exacerbations. The severity of asthma was determined according to VIALATTE classification, with the Tiffeneau ration FEV1/VC (1) and the MMFR/VC ratio serving as obstructive indices.

[Characterization and quantification by impulse analysis of sugar regulation disorders in man].

Proposed model offers three transfer functions answering to a second order hypothesis and allowing to study separately blood sugar evolution and insulin release or synthesis functions by cell B. The model separates subjects in several classes (normals, chemical diabetes and patent insulin-dependent or independent diabetes) and quantifies treatment efficiency by its effects on blood sugar regulation.

Kinematics of spontaneous breathing: the ventilatory system as a non-linear oscillator.

The kinematics of spontaneous breathing at rest and during moderate exercise is described exactly by a non-linear differential equation, the parameters of which are determined by observation with a pneumotachograph. Analogue circuits are used for the determination of the coefficients and for the comparison by superimposition of the actual spirogram with its simulation. The ventilatory system, taken as a whole and without any assumption concerning its structure, works as a non-linear oscillator.