Construction of polylactic acid plastisphere microbiota for enhancing nitrate reduction in denitrification biofilters.

Developing methods for reusing biodegradable plastics, like polylactic acid (PLA) straws, is highly needed. Here, PLAs were applied to substitute traditional commercial ceramic media (CCM) in denitrification biofilters. During long-term operation, replacing CCM with PLA significantly enhanced nitrate removal efficiency from 32.

Transcriptome analysis reveals genes associated with the bitter-sweet trait of apricot kernels.

Prunasin and amygdalin are important factors that influence the kernel taste of apricots, however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this are unclear. In this study, we analyzed the phenotype and transcriptome of kernels during development in (bitter kernels) and × (kernel consumption apricot, sweet kernels). Prunasin and amygdalin content was significantly higher in bitter kernels compared with that in sweet kernels.

A multi-scale attention mechanism for detecting defects in leather fabrics.

Defect detection is critical to industrial quality control in leather production engineering. The various sizes and locations of defects in leather, as well as significant differences within the same class and indistinctive variations between different classes of defects, contribute to the complexity of the problem. To address this challenge, we propose a Multi-Layer Residual Convolutional Attention (MLRCA) approach.

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Sugar and Acid Accumulation during Apricot Fruit Development.

The apricot ( L.) is a fruit that belongs to the Rosaceae family; it has a unique flavor and is of important economic and nutritional value. The composition and content of soluble sugars and organic acids in fruit are key factors in determining the flavor quality.

Comparative Anatomical and Transcriptomics Reveal the Larger Cell Size as a Major Contributor to Larger Fruit Size in Apricot.

Fruit size is one of the essential quality traits and influences the economic value of apricots. To explore the underlying mechanisms of the formation of differences in fruit size in apricots, we performed a comparative analysis of anatomical and transcriptomics dynamics during fruit growth and development in two apricot cultivars with contrasting fruit sizes (large-fruit 'Sungold' and small-fruit 'F43'). Our analysis identified that the difference in fruit size was mainly caused by the difference in cell size between the two apricot cultivars.

Zebrafish: an efficient vertebrate model for understanding role of gut microbiota.

Gut microbiota plays a critical role in the maintenance of host health. As a low-cost and genetically tractable vertebrate model, zebrafish have been widely used for biological research. Zebrafish and humans share some similarities in intestinal physiology and function, and this allows zebrafish to be a surrogate model for investigating the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and host.

Targeting AMPK signaling by polyphenols: a novel strategy for tackling aging.

Aging is an inevitable biological process and is accompanied by a gradual decline of physiological functions, such as the incidence of age-related diseases. Aging becomes a major burden and challenge for society to prevent or delay the occurrence and development of these age-related diseases. AMPK is a key regulator of intracellular energy and participates in the adaptation of calorie restriction.

Integration of green economy concepts for sustainable biosurfactant production - A review.

The link between increasing global population, food demand, industrialization, and agricultural waste is strong. Decomposing by-products from food cycles can introduce harmful toxic heavy metals, active degrading microbes, and enzymes to the environment. Additionally, high greenhouse gas emissions from the decomposing wastes contribute to global change and a high carbon economy.

Antiaging Effects of Dietary Polysaccharides: Advance and Mechanisms.

Aging is a process in which the various physiological functions of the body gradually deteriorate and eventually lead to death. During this process, the body's resistance to external stresses gradually decreases and the aging-related diseases gradually are increased. Polysaccharides are a group of active substances extracted from living organisms and are widely found in plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Late Flowering in by Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Analyses.

Freezing during the flowering of is detrimental to fruit production. The late flowering (LF) type, which is delayed by 7-15 days compared with the normal flowering (NF) type, avoids damages at low temperature, but the molecular mechanism of LF remains unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to comprehensively characterize floral bud differentiation.

[Immune Thrombocytopenia in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Pathological Mechanism and Treatment Progress---Review].

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients usually show immune dysfunction, which often leads to autoimmune hemocytopenia. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is one of the common complications. The pathogenesis of CLL-related ITP is complex and has not been fully elucidated.

AprGPD: the apricot genomic and phenotypic database.

Background: Apricot is cultivated worldwide because of its high nutritive content and strong adaptability. Its flesh is delicious and has a unique and pleasant aroma. Apricot kernel is also consumed as nuts.

Dietary Supplementation of Octacosanol Improves Exercise-Induced Fatigue and Its Molecular Mechanism.

Several publications report that octacosanol (OCT) has different biological functions. This study was designed to evaluate the antifatigue effect and molecular mechanism of octacosanol (200 mg/(kg day)) in forced exercise-induced fatigue models of trained male C57BL/6 mice. Results showed that octacosanol ameliorated the mice's autonomic activities, forelimb grip strength, and swimming endurance, and the levels of liver glycogen (LG), muscle glycogen (MG), blood lactic acid (BLA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were also regulated.

The Hardy Rubber Tree Genome Provides Insights into the Evolution of Polyisoprene Biosynthesis.

Eucommia ulmoides, also called hardy rubber tree, is an economically important tree; however, the lack of its genome sequence restricts the fundamental biological research and applied studies of this plant species. Here, we present a high-quality assembly of its ∼1.2-Gb genome (scaffold N50 = 1.