The Globular Domain of Extracellular Histones Mediates Cytotoxicity via Membrane Disruption Mechanism.

Histones are traditionally recognized for structuring nuclear architecture and regulating gene expression. Recent advances have revealed their roles in inflammation, coagulation, and immune responses, where they act as damage-associated molecular patterns. The mechanisms by which histones induce membrane leakage are not well understood, and certain cells, including endothelial cells and peritoneal macrophages, show resistance to histone-mediated pore formation.

Transcriptome reanalysis and gene expression of 13 detoxification genes for avermectin and pyridaben resistance in Panonychus citri.

Citrus red mites (P. citri) are key pests affecting citrus production worldwide due to pesticide resistance. The resistance mechanisms of ten pesticides are known, but a comprehensive study using transcriptome data is missing.

S1PR2 participates in intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by regulating macrophage pyroptosis.

Background: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is an inflammatory disorder affecting the gastrointestinal system. Intestinal injury plays an important role in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis. In this study, we mainly investigated the role of S1PR2 in regulating macrophage pyroptosis in the intestinal injury of severe acute pancreatitis.

Surface Activity, Wettability, and Aggregation Behavior of Ecofriendly Fluorocarbon Surfactant Based on Double Perfluorinated Branched Short Chains.

This article reports the synthesis of a novel sulfonated fluorocarbon surfactant (SFDC) containing double C perfluorinated branched short chains and compares its surface properties with a similar structured compound (SFDC-L) in solutions. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the corresponding surface tension (γ) of SFDC aqueous solution are 9.77 × 10 mmol/L and 22.

Comparison of the effects of sufentanil-dominant anaesthesia/analgesia and epidural anaesthesia/analgesia on postoperative immunological alterations, stress responses and prognosis in open hepatectomy: a randomized trial.

Background: Both and in animal studies have shown immunosuppressive effects of opioids which might provoke tumour growth and metastasis, while no definite results were shown in previous clinical studies. To find out the effects between general anaesthesia combined with sufentanil target-controlled infusion (SGA) and general anaesthesia combined with epidural anaesthesia (EGA) on immunological alterations, stress responses and prognosis in patients undergoing open hepatectomy, a prospective, non-inferiority, randomized-controlled study was performed.

Methods: Patients with liver neoplasms undergoing open hepatectomy were randomly assigned to either SGA (n=81) or EGA (n=81) group.

Timing of endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: The optimal timing of endoscopy in liver cirrhosis with acute variceal bleeding (AVB) remains controversial in current guidelines and studies.

Methods: Consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis and AVB were screened. The timing of endoscopy was calculated from the last presentation of AVB or the admission to endoscopy.

Synthesis and Characterization of a One-Dimensional Malleable Spin-Crossover Polymer Complex Modified by Methoxy Polyethylene Glycol.

A novel one-dimensional malleable spin-crossover (SCO) complex {[Fe(MPEG-trz)](BF)} has been successfully synthesized by molecular self-assembly between 4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles (MPEG-trz) grafted with a long flexible chain methoxy polyethylene glycol (MPEG) and metallic complex Fe(BF)•6HO. The detailed structure information was illustrated by using FT-IR and H NMR measurements, while the physical behaviors of the malleable SCO complexes were systematically investigated by using magnetic susceptibility measurements using superconductivity quantum interference device (SQUID) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). This new metallopolymer exhibits a remarkable spin crossover transition behavior, between two spin quantum states (Fe ions): high spin (HS) state (quintet state) and low spin (LS) state (singlet state), at a specific critical temperature with a slender hysteresis loop of 1 K.

Identification of microRNA and analysis of target genes in .

Objective: Ginsenosides, polysaccharides and phenols, the main active ingredients in , are not different significantly in content between 3 and 5 years old of ginsengs called Yuan ginseng and more than ten years old ones called Shizhu ginseng. The responsible chemical compounds cannot fully explain difference in efficacy between them. According to reports in (Jinyinhua in Chinese) and et (Gancao in Chinese) microRNA may play a role in efficacy, so we identified microRNAs in at the different growth years and analyzed their target genes.

Effects of postoperative use of proton pump inhibitors on gastrointestinal bleeding after endoscopic variceal treatment during hospitalization.

Background: Endoscopic variceal treatment (EVT) is recommended as the mainstay choice for the management of high-risk gastroesophageal varices and acute variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used for various gastric acid-related diseases. However, the effects of PPIs on the development of post-EVT complications, especially gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), remain controversial.

Extracellular vesicles derived from astrocyte-treated with haFGF attenuate Alzheimer phenotype in AD mice.

aFGF content in serum and cerebrospinal fluid is increased in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and attenuates the activation of astrocytes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a major mediator in astrocyte-neuron communications. Since excessive or persistent reactive astrocytes lead to chronic inflammation and neuronal dysfunction, and the activation of astrocytes can be inhibited by aFGF, we proposed that the cargoes of astrocyte-derived EVs (AEVs) might be modified by aFGF stimulation, playing an important role in AD progression.

SIRT2 regulates proliferation and chemotherapy response of MLL-ENL-driven acute myeloid leukemia.

Both MLL-AF9 and MLL-ENL leukemia fusion proteins drive oncogenic transformation of hematopoietic cells through their N-terminal DNA/histone binding mixed-lineage leukemia 1 domain and C-terminal fragment of AF9 or ENL containing an unstructured linker region and the ANC1 homology domain, which recruits transcription factors. Despite of their structural similarity, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients bearing MLL-ENL show more adverse outcomes compared to those with MLL-AF9. We recapitulated the clinical patterns of these two MLL-fusions driven AMLs using murine models and found that MLL-ENL AML cells showed slower cell cycle progression and more resistance to standard chemotherapy than MLL-AF9 cells.

Phase separation of RNA-binding protein promotes polymerase binding and transcription.

An RNA-involved phase-separation model has been proposed for transcription control. However, the molecular links that connect RNA to the transcription machinery remain missing. Here we find that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) constitute half of the chromatin proteome in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), some being colocalized with RNA polymerase (Pol) II at promoters and enhancers.

Pharmacotherapy for the Treatment of Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia: A Narrative Review.

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon clinical entity leading to recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. There is no consensus regarding treatment of GAVE. Endoscopic therapy is the preferred treatment option, but has a fairly high recurrence rate.

Endoscopic treatment for gastric antral vascular ectasia.

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is one of the uncommon causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Major treatment of GAVE includes pharmacotherapy, endoscopy, and surgery. The efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy have not been sufficiently confirmed; and surgery is just considered when conservative treatment is ineffective.

Upregulation of GLT-1 via PI3K/Akt Pathway Contributes to Neuroprotection Induced by Dexmedetomidine.

Perioperative ischemic stroke usually leads to neurological dysfunction caused by neuron death. During the ischemic condition, excitotoxity due to extracellular glutamate accumulation is a main mechanism of neuron damage. The clearance of glutamate mainly depends on glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) which is expressed in astrocytes.

Analysis of Panax ginseng miRNAs and Their Target Prediction Based on High-Throughput Sequencing.

has been widely and effectively used as medicine for thousands of years. However, only limited studies have been conducted to date on ginseng miRNAs. In the present study, we collected 3 ginseng samples from the Changbai Mountain in China.

Verification of miRNAs in ginseng decoction by high-throughput sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR.

is a precious traditional Chinese medicine that has been clinically used for over thousands of years. In general, ginseng needs to be prepared to ginseng decoction before taking it. MicroRNAs are a class of small (18-24 nt), single-stranded molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.

Maternal Sevoflurane Exposure Causes Abnormal Development of Fetal Prefrontal Cortex and Induces Cognitive Dysfunction in Offspring.

Maternal sevoflurane exposure during pregnancy is associated with increased risk for behavioral deficits in offspring. Several studies indicated that neurogenesis abnormality may be responsible for the sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity, but the concrete impact of sevoflurane on fetal brain development remains poorly understood. We aimed to investigate whether maternal sevoflurane exposure caused learning and memory impairment in offspring through inducing abnormal development of the fetal prefrontal cortex (PFC).

Multiple sevoflurane anesthesia in pregnant mice inhibits neurogenesis of fetal hippocampus via repressing transcription factor Pax6.

Sevoflurane is widely used in non-obstetric surgeries of pregnant women, but its influences on fetal brain are still not fully known. We set out to assess the effects of multiple maternal sevoflurane exposure on neurogenesis and cognitive dysfunction in fetus and offspring. Pregnant mice (gestational day 15.