Hidden Spread of Rare Serovars Isolated from Healthy Individuals - Yulin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, 2013-2022.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The emergence of rare multidrug-resistant serovars is increasingly common in developing countries, posing a significant public health risk.

What Is Added By This Report?: This report identified five rare serovars in China for the first time and using whole-genome sequencing, identified their hidden spread among healthy individuals. Additionally, antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes were identified.

["Shugan Tiaoshen" needling improves depression after ischemic stroke by regulating AMPK-dependent autophagy].

Objectives: To observe the effect of "Shugan Tiaoshen"(soothing the liver and regulating the mental activities) needling on the expressions of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and autophagy-related proteins in the prefrontal cortex of rats with depression after ischemic stroke (post-stroke depression), in order to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of post-stroke depression behaviors.

Methods: A total of 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation (control), stroke, post-stroke depression, inhibitor, acupuncture, and acupuncture + inhibitor groups. The post-stroke depression model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and reperfusion (MCAO/R), combined with chronic unpredictable mild stimulation (CUMS).

Carried by a Transferable Plasmid in a Strain Isolated from Healthy Individuals.

Objective: Our study aimed to conduct genomic characterization of strains carrying the gene in the intestinal tract of healthy individuals. The objectives were to underscore the importance of genomic surveillance for drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic bacteria among healthy populations, and to establish protocols for regulating drug resistance plasmids based on the completion of a comprehensive map of drug resistance plasmid genomes.

Methods: We performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing and employed second- and third-generation sequencing techniques to analyze strains harboring the gene, to surveil drug-resistant bacteria in the intestines of healthy subjects.

Effects of ultrasonic-alkali integrated extraction combined with Mannesi reaction on the antimicrobial properties of rice straw lignin and enhancement strategies.

Lignin is one of the most abundant and underused biopolymers in nature with limited antimicrobial activities. Herein, this work aimed to enhance the antimicrobial activity of lignin extracted from waste rice straw by ultrasonic-alkali integrated extraction (USP-AT) and modify the alkali lignin through Mannich reaction to improve its antimicrobial properties. The effects of ultrasonic pretreatment (USP) time on the chemical structure, morphology, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of lignin were studied.

High carriage and possible hidden spread of multidrug-resistant Salmonella among asymptomatic workers in Yulin, China.

Food workers have frequent contact with unprocessed foods, but their carriage of Salmonella and potential influence on public health have not been comprehensively assessed. We investigated Salmonella carriage among food workers compared with non-food workers based on occupational health screening of 260,315 asymptomatic workers over an 8-year surveillance period in Yulin, China. We confirmed that healthy carriers serve as natural reservoirs for Salmonella, with higher carriage rates in food workers than non-food workers.

Design and experimental research of orbital angular momentum multiplexing holography based on optical diffraction neural network.

The orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing holography has the advantages of large information capacity and high security, and has important application value in holographic storage, optical encryption, and optical computing. However, as the number of multiplexing channels increases, this technology suffers from deterioration in image quality, which limits its application scope. This article proposes an innovative design that introduces an optical diffractive neural network (ODNN) into OAM multiplexing holography, establishes a scientific image quality evaluation function, applies an end-to-end optimization method, and designs OAM multiplexing holograms in parallel, significantly improving the image quality of OAM holography.

Regulation and Liquid Sensing of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency-like Phenomena Implemented in a SNAP Microresonator.

Optical microresonators supporting whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) have become a versatile platform for achieving electromagnetically induced transparency-like (EIT-like) phenomena. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrated the tunable coupled-mode induced transparency based on the surface nanoscale axial photonics (SNAP) microresonator. Single-EIT-like and double-EIT-like (DEIT-like) effects with one or more transparent windows are achieved due to dense mode families and tunable resonant frequencies.

Mechanism of cognitive processing for acupuncture action on generalized anxiety with naturally occurring consecutive partial sleep deprivation in early adulthood: a randomized controlled study and evaluation of event-related potentials.

Introduction: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common mental disorder that often begins in adolescence or early adulthood and is characterized by widespread and persistent anxiety. Partial sleep deprivation (PSD) is an important risk factor for GAD development and a common comorbidity. Adolescence is a period of rapid brain and nervous system development, and during this time, the occurrence of GAD can lead to neurocognitive deficits, such as impaired attention, cognitive control, and attention bias, that significantly affect cognitive function.

[A prospective randomized controlled study on probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infants and young children].

Objectives: To evaluate the preventive effects of powder and tetragenous viable tablets on antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in infants and young children.

Methods: Children under three years old admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University due to non-gastrointestinal infections and requiring antibiotic treatment from July to December 2023 were enrolled. The children were randomly divided into a control group (=47), a group (=70), and a group (=65) using a random number table method.

Electroacupuncture ameliorates depression-like behaviors in rats with post-stroke depression by inhibiting ferroptosis in the prefrontal cortex.

Introduction: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common complication following a stroke, significantly hindering recovery and rehabilitation in affected patients. Despite its prevalence, the pathogenesis of PSD remains poorly understood. Electroacupuncture (EA) has shown antidepressant effects, yet its neuroprotective properties are not well defined.

Recent advances in chemotherapy for cancer therapy over Cu-based nanocatalysts.

Recently, the emerging chemotherapy (CDT) has provided a new biocompatibility pathway for cancer therapy. Among them, Cu-based nanocatalysts with good biocompatibility and Fenton-like catalytic efficiency are considered to be a promising approach for enhancing CDT and CDT-involved multimodal synergies to improve the effectiveness of catalytic cancer therapy. Meanwhile, the emerging therapy strategy promoted by Cu-based nanocatalysts has proven to exhibit attractive clinical application potential in replacing traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer therapy with significant toxic side effects.

Targeting Mitochondria: Influence of Metabolites on Mitochondrial Heterogeneity.

Mitochondria are vital organelles that provide energy for the metabolic processes of cells. These include regulating cellular metabolism, autophagy, apoptosis, calcium ions, and signaling processes. Despite their varying functions, mitochondria are considered semi-independent organelles that possess their own genome, known as mtDNA, which encodes 13 proteins crucial for oxidative phosphorylation.

Corosolic acid inhibits EMT in lung cancer cells by promoting YAP-mediated ferroptosis.

Background: Corosolic acid (CA), a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid is renowned for its anticancer attributes. Previous studies have predominantly centered on the anticancer properties of CA in lung cancer, specifically its role in inducing apoptosis, however, investigations regarding its involvement in ferroptosis have been scarce.

Methods: The apoptotic and proliferative effects were evaluated by CCK8 and colony formation assay.

Degradation of UV328 by ozone/peroxymonosulfate system: Performance and mechanisms.

2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol (UV328) is an emerging persistent organic pollutant ubiquitously found in environmental matrices. Though some advanced oxidation processes have been tested to degrade UV328 in waste streams, the degradation mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, the degradation of UV328 by ozone (O) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was systemically investigated.

Transcriptomic Landscape Analysis Reveals a Persistent DNA Damage Response in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatohepatitis Post-dietary Intervention.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its more advanced form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, have emerged as the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide. Currently, lifestyle modification is the foremost guideline-recommended management strategy for MASLD. However, it remains unclear which detrimental signals persist in MASLD even after disease remission.

The role of OR5, which is highly expressed in the winged grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi, in specific recognition of EBF.

Winged parthenogenetic aphids are mainly responsible for migration and dispersal. Aphid alarm pheromone (E)-β-Farnesene (EBF) has dual effects on repelling and stimulating wing differentiation in aphids. Previous studies have shown that the odorant coreceptor SmisOrco is involved in the perception of EBF by S.