Percutaneous hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidines in treatment-resistant colorectal cancer patients with unresectable liver metastases: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Subsequent lines of therapy for chemotherapy-resistant metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) have shown limited efficacy. Herein, we retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using oxaliplatin plus 5-FU/FUDR in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) who progressed following standard chemotherapy regimens.

Methods: From March 2017 to April 2023, CRC patients with unresectable CRLM who progressed following standard chemotherapy and subsequently received HAIC oxaliplatin plus 5-FU/FUDR were evaluated.

Safety and efficacy of adjuvant FOLFOX/FOLFIRI with versus without hepatic arterial infusion of floxuridine in patients following colorectal cancer liver metastasectomy (HARVEST trial): A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Hepatic artery infusion (HAI) chemotherapy, particularly with floxuridine (FUDR), has previously shown effectiveness in improving recurrence-free survival (RFS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Nonetheless, its adjuvant use alongside modern systemic chemotherapy remains unevaluated.

Patients And Methods: The HARVEST trial is an open-label, randomized, controlled study conducted from May 2018 to August 2021.

The AFCRPLITY score for predicting the prognosis of immunotherapy combined with local-regional therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy combined with intra-arterial therapy (IAT) has shown great potential in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). However, there are currently no available biomarkers that can predict the prognosis of immune-based combined therapy.

Objectives: To establish a scoring method to predict prognosis in uHCC patients undergoing IAT plus immunotherapy.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with systemic therapy sequentially or simultaneously for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aims: The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with targeted therapy and PD-(L)1 blockade (triple therapy), either sequentially (SE) or simultaneously (SI), in the treatment of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Approach And Results: From January 1, 2018, to June 1, 2022, 575 patients with BCLC stage C HCC who underwent SE or SI triple therapy were retrospectively enrolled. Propensity score matching (PSM; 1:1) was performed to eliminate possible confounder imbalances across cohorts.

Priming of cancer-immunity cycle by alleviating hypoxia-induced ferroptosis resistance and immunosuppression.

Stimulating a robust cancer-immunity cycle (CIC) holds promising potential for eliciting potent and enduring immune responses for cancer immunotherapy. However, designing a therapeutic nanomaterial capable of both enhancing tumor immunogenicity and mitigating immunosuppression is challenging and often associated with complicated design paradigms and immune-related adverse effects. Herein, a multienzyme-mimetic alloy nanosheet incorporating palladium (Pd) and iron (Fe) is developed, which can prime effective CIC by overcoming ferroptosis resistance for enhancing tumor immunogenicity and reprograming the tumor microenvironment for enhanced second near-infrared (NIR-II) photoimmunotherapy.

Facile and scale-up syntheses of high-performance enzyme@meso-HOF biocatalysts.

Facile immobilization is essential for the wide application of enzymes in large-scale catalytic processes. However, exploration of suitable enzyme supports poses an unmet challenge, particularly in the context of scale-up biocatalyst fabrication. In this study, we present facile and scale-up syntheses of high-performance enzyme biocatalysts encapsulation of cytochrome c (Cyt-c) as mono-enzyme and glucose oxidase (GOx)-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as dual-enzyme cascade (GOx&HRP) systems, respectively, into a stable mesoporous hydrogen-bonded organic framework (meso-HOF) matrix.

Camrelizumab, apatinib and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy combined with microwave ablation for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and camrelizumab plus apatinib (TRIPLET protocol) is promising for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (Ad-HCC). However, the usefulness of microwave ablation (MWA) after TRIPLET is still controversial.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of TRIPLET alone (T-A) TRIPLET-MWA (T-M) for Ad-HCC.

Hepatic arterial chemotherapy infusion combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and PD-1 inhibitors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with high-risk: A propensity score matching study.

Objective: To ascertain the therapeutic efficacy and safety of FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin)-based hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors (PD-1 inhibitors) (triple therapy), as a first-line treatment in high-risk advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC with Vp4 portal vein invasion or/and tumor diameter ≥ 10 cm).

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 466 high-risk aHCC patients treated with either triple therapy (n = 245) or dual therapy (TKI and PD-1 inhibitors, n = 221). The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety were compared between the two groups.

Machine learning-based decision support model for selecting intra-arterial therapies for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A national real-world evidence-based study.

Importance: Intra-arterial therapies(IATs) are promising options for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Stratifying the prognostic risk before administering IAT is important for clinical decision-making and for designing future clinical trials.

Objective: To develop and validate a machine learning(ML)-based decision support model(MLDSM) for recommending IAT modalities for unresectable HCC.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus camrelizumab and apatinib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aims: There is limited information on combination of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (Ad-HCC). We aim to compare the efficacy and safety of HAIC plus camrelizumab (a PD-1 inhibitor) and apatinib (an VEGFR-2 inhibitor) versus camrelizumab and apatinib for Ad-HCC.

Methods: From April 2019 to October 2022, 416 patients with Ad-HCC who received either HAIC plus camrelizumab and apatinib (TRIPLET protocol, n = 207) or camrelizumab and apatinib (C-A protocol, n = 209) were reviewed retrospectively.

Multimodal imaging-based prediction of recurrence for unresectable HCC after downstage and resection-cohort study.

Background: Surgical resection (SR) following transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)-based downstaging is a promising treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), and identification of patients at high-risk of postoperative recurrence may assist individualized treatment.

Purpose: To develop and externally validate preoperative and postoperative prognostic models integrating multimodal CT and digital subtraction angiography features as well as clinico-therapeutic-pathological features for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) after TACE-based downstaging therapy.

Materials And Methods: From March 2008 to August 2022, 488 consecutive patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) A/B uHCC receiving TACE-based downstaging therapy and subsequent SR were included from four tertiary-care hospitals.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with anti-angiogenesis agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and meta-analysis.

Background: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has been proven to be an ideal choice for treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). HAIC-based treatment showed great potential for treating uHCC. However, large-scale studies on HAIC-based treatments and meta-analyses of first-line treatments for uHCC are lacking.

Microwave ablation versus liver resection for primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma within Milan criteria: a long-term multicenter cohort study.

Background: Ablation has been recommended by worldwide guidelines as first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while evidence regarding its efficacy for primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is lacking. We aimed to study the efficacy of ablation in treating iCCA by comparing its prognosis with surgery.

Methods: In this real-world multicenter cohort study from January 2009 to June 2022, 10,441 iCCA patients from ten tertiary hospitals were identified.

Camrelizumab (a PD-1 inhibitor) plus apatinib (an VEGFR-2 inhibitor) and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C (TRIPLET): a phase II study.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using a combination of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX) has shown promise for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients classified under Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C. In China, the combined therapy of camrelizumab and apatinib is now an approved first-line approach for inoperable HCC. This study (NCT04191889) evaluated the benefit of combining camrelizumab and apatinib with HAIC-FOLFOX for HCC patients in BCLC stage C.

A multitask deep learning radiomics model for predicting the macrotrabecular-massive subtype and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy.

Background: The macrotrabecular-massive (MTM) is a special subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has commonly a dismal prognosis. This study aimed to develop a multitask deep learning radiomics (MDLR) model for predicting MTM and HCC patients' prognosis after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC).

Methods: From June 2018 to March 2020, 158 eligible patients with HCC who underwent surgery were retrospectively enrolled in MTM related cohorts, and 752 HCC patients who underwent HAIC were included in HAIC related cohorts during the same period.

Nanocompartment-confined polymerization in living systems.

Polymerization in living systems has become an effective strategy to regulate cell functions and behavior. However, the requirement of high concentrations of monomers, the existence of complicated intracorporal interferences, and the demand for extra external stimulations hinder their further biological applications. Herein, a nanocompartment-confined strategy that provides a confined and secluded environment for monomer enrichment and isolation is developed to achieve high polymerization efficiency, reduce the interference from external environment, and realize broad-spectrum polymerizations in living systems.

Pseudo-capsulated Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Versus Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization.

Rationale And Objectives: The effectiveness and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for cases with single pseudo-capsuled hepatocellular carcinoma (pHCC), as well as their survival outcomes, were investigated.

Materials And Methods: A total of 196 cases with single pHCC (diameter >5 cm) receiving initial HAIC (n = 92) and TACE (n = 104) were enrolled. The propensity score match (PSM) approach based on Cox models was employed to tune any possible imbalance in treatment assignment.

Development and validation of prognostic nomograms for large hepatocellular carcinoma after HAIC.

Background And Aims: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using the FOLFOX regimen (oxaliplatin plus fluorouracil and leucovorin) is a promising option for large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, post-HAIC prognosis can vary in different patients due to tumor heterogeneity. Herein, we established two nomogram models to assess the survival prognosis of patients after HAIC combination therapy.

Postprogression treatment of lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma refractory to hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy.

Purpose: This study compares the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib and programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 versus lenvatinib alone for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (Ad-HCC) refractory to hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC).

Methods: From April 2016 to September 2021, 145 patients with Ad-HCC refractory to HAIC based on modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria were enrolled by two radiologists and classified into the HAIC-lenvatinib group (H-L, n = 87) and HAIC-lenvatinib-PD-1 group (H-L-P, n = 58). A propensity score-matching method was used to reduce selective bias.

Combining Preoperative Clinical and Imaging Characteristics to Predict MVI in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare form of primary liver malignancy. Microvascular invasion (MVI) indicates poor postsurgical prognosis in cHCC-CCA. The objective of this study was to investigate preoperative predictors of MVI in hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related cHCC-CCA patients.

Effect of percutaneous stenting strategy of unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction by three-dimensional reconstruction volumetry.

Purpose: To explore clinical outcomes of percutaneous stent implantation using volumetric criteria for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO). Additionally, aimed to identify the predictors of patients' survival.

Methods: Seventy-two patients who were initially diagnosed with MHBO between January 2013 to December 2019 in our center were retrospectively included.

TIPS plus sequential systemic therapy of advanced HCC patients with tumour thrombus-related symptomatic portal hypertension.

Objectives: Portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT)-related symptomatic portal hypertension (SPH) leads to a poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. A transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) can effectively relieve SPH but its effect remains unclear in PVTT-related SPH. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of the TIPS procedure combined with sequential systemic therapy in advanced HCC patients with PVTT-related SPH.

Infiltrative Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Versus Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy.

Aims: To compare the effectiveness, safety, and survival outcomes in patients with infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: A total of 160 patients with infiltrative HCCs who underwent initial TACE (n = 68) and HAIC (n = 92) treatment from January 2016 to March 2020. We applied the propensity score matching (PSM) to adjust for potential imbalances.

Single-Centre Retrospective Study Using Propensity Score Matching Comparing Left Versus Right Internal Jugular Vein Access for Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) Creation.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of left versus right internal jugular vein access for portal vein puncture during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation in patients with a small liver and short vertical puncture distance.

Materials And Methods: The vertical distance from the hepatic vein orifice to the puncture point of the portal vein was measured by CT and DSA. A distance ≤ 30 mm is defined as a short vertical puncture distance.