Spatial distribution, source identification, and potential risks of 14 bisphenol analogues in soil under different land uses in the megacity of Chengdu, China.

This study explored the levels, distribution, potential sources, ecological risks and estrogenic activities of 14 bisphenol analogues (BPs) in soil under eight land-use types in the megacity of Chengdu, China. Eleven BPs were detected in the soil samples and the total concentrations ranged from 32.3 to 570 ng/g d.

Photodegradation of anthelmintic drugs under natural sunlight and simulated irradiation: kinetics, mechanisms, transformation products, and toxicity.

Albendazole (ALB) and bithionol (BIT) are two anthelmintic drugs (ADs) with high consumption from benzimidazole group and diphenylsulfide group, respectively. However, information on the transformation of the two anthelmintics under environmental condition is scare. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the natural attenuation of the two ADs in the aquatic environment, including biodegradation, hydrolysis, and direct and indirect photodegradation.

Organophosphorus flame retardants and their metabolites in paired human blood and urine.

Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been shown to be carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and endocrine disruptive, so it is important to understand the levels of OPFRs in human body as well as the modes of external exposure. In this study, we investigated the levels of 13 OPFRs and 7 phosphodiester metabolites in paired human blood and urine, as well as the influencing factors (region, age and gender), and studied the relationship between OPFRs and oxidative stress by urinary metabolites. We found that the concentrations of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) and tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) in the blood of urban populations were higher than those of rural populations, and that younger populations suffered higher TPhP and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) exposures than older populations.

Effects of electroflocculation/oxidation pretreatment on the fouling characteristics of ultrafiltration membranes.

In order to reduce the membrane pollution of ultrafiltration caused by natural organic matter and improve the treatment efficiency, electroflocculation/oxidation is used as the premembrane treatment method. The membrane specific flux attenuation characteristics was compared and analyzed under the conditions of direct ultrafiltration and electroflocculation/oxidation-ultrafiltration. Combined with the analysis of the reversibility of membrane fouling, the mechanism of electroflocculation/oxidation pretreatment to alleviate ultrafiltration membrane fouling was evaluated, and the membrane pore clogging model was used to fit the fouling law.