YTHDF2 in dentate gyrus is the mA reader mediating mA modification in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory.

N-methyladenosine (mA) has been demonstrated to regulate learning and memory in mice. To investigate the mechanism by which mA modification exerts its function through its reader proteins in the hippocampus, as well as to unveil the specific subregions of the hippocampus that are crucial for memory formation, we generated dentate gyrus (DG)-, CA3-, and CA1-specific Ythdf1 and Ythdf2 conditional knockout (cKO) mice, respectively. Surprisingly, we found that only the DG-specific Ythdf2 cKO mice displayed impaired memory formation, which is inconsistent with the previous report showing that YTHDF1 was involved in this process.

Cbln1 regulates axon growth and guidance in multiple neural regions.

The accurate construction of neural circuits requires the precise control of axon growth and guidance, which is regulated by multiple growth and guidance cues during early nervous system development. It is generally thought that the growth and guidance cues that control the major steps of axon development have been defined. Here, we describe cerebellin-1 (Cbln1) as a novel cue that controls diverse aspects of axon growth and guidance throughout the central nervous system (CNS) by experiments using mouse and chick embryos.

mA regulation of cortical and retinal neurogenesis is mediated by the redundant mA readers YTHDFs.

mA modification plays an important role in regulating mammalian neurogenesis. However, whether and how the major cytoplasmic mA readers, YTHDF1, YTHDF2, and YTHDF3 mediate this process is still not clear. Here, we demonstrate that and double deletion but not individual knockout recapitulates the phenotype of knockout in cortex.

The mA reader YTHDF2 is a negative regulator for dendrite development and maintenance of retinal ganglion cells.

The precise control of growth and maintenance of the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dendrite arborization is critical for normal visual functions in mammals. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we find that the -methyladenosine (mA) reader YTHDF2 is highly expressed in the mouse RGCs.

The m A Readers YTHDF1 and YTHDF2 Synergistically Control Cerebellar Parallel Fiber Growth by Regulating Local Translation of the Key Wnt5a Signaling Components in Axons.

Messenger RNA m A modification is shown to regulate local translation in axons. However, how the m A codes in axonal mRNAs are read and decoded by the m A reader proteins is still unknown. Here, it is found that the m A readers YTHDF1 and YTHDF2 are both expressed in cerebellar granule cells (GCs) and their axons.

The m6A reader YTHDF1 regulates axon guidance through translational control of Robo3.1 expression.

N 6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is a dynamic mRNA modification which regulates protein expression in various posttranscriptional levels. Functional studies of m6A in nervous system have focused on its writers and erasers so far, whether and how m6A readers mediate m6A functions through recognizing and binding their target mRNA remains poorly understood. Here, we find that the expression of axon guidance receptor Robo3.

Melatonin Ameliorates Busulfan-Induced Spermatogonial Stem Cell Oxidative Apoptosis in Mouse Testes.

Aims: Many men endure immunosuppressive or anticancer treatments that contain alkylating agents before the age of sexual maturity, especially the increasing number of preadolescent males who undergo busulfan treatment for myeloablative conditioning before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Before sperm production, there are no sperm available for cryopreservation. Thus, it is necessary to identify a solution to ameliorate the busulfan-induced damage of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs).

Bovine male germline stem-like cells cultured in serum- and feeder-free medium.

Male germline stem cells (mGSCs) presented in male testis are responsible for spermatogenesis during their whole life. However, little information can be found on the culture of bovine mGSCs, and the current culture system needs to be improved. In this study, we compared the effects of several commercial serum-free media and different extra-cellular matrix on the enrichment and cultivation of mGSCs.

Overexpression of CD61 promotes hUC-MSC differentiation into male germ-like cells.

Objectives: Previous studies have shown that germ-like cells can be induced from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSCs) in vitro. However, induction efficiency was low and a stable system had not been built. CD61, also called integrin-β3, plays a significant role in cell differentiation, in that CD61-positive-cell-derived pluripotent stem cells easily differentiate into primordial germ-like cells (PGC).