Clinical value of a radiomics model based on machine learning for the prediction of prostate cancer.

Objective: Radiomics models have demonstrated good performance for the diagnosis and evaluation of prostate cancer (PCa). However, there are currently no validated imaging models that can predict PCa or clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Therefore, we aimed to identify the best such models for the prediction of PCa and csPCa.

UPCARE: Urinary Extracellular Vesicles-Derived Prostate Cancer Assessment for Risk Evaluation.

In the quest for efficient tumor diagnosis via liquid biopsy, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown promise as a source of potential biomarkers. This study addresses the gap in biomarker efficacy for predicting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) between the Western and Chinese populations. We developed a urinary extracellular vesicles-based prostate score (EPS) model, utilizing the EXODUS technique for EV isolation from 598 patients and incorporating gene expressions of FOXA1, PCA3, and KLK3.

Comprehensive analysis of macrophage-related genes in prostate cancer by integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing.

Macrophages, as essential components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), could promote growth and invasion in many cancers. However, the role of macrophages in tumor microenvironment (TME) and immunotherapy in PCa is largely unexplored at present. Here, we investigated the roles of macrophage-related genes in molecular stratification, prognosis, TME, and immunotherapeutic response in PCa.

Somatic Super-Enhancer Epigenetic Signature for Overall Survival Prediction in Patients with Breast Invasive Carcinoma.

To analyze genome-wide super-enhancers (SEs) methylation signature of breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) and its clinical value. Differential methylation sites (DMS) between BRCA and adjacent tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were identified by using ChAMP package in software. Super-enhancers were identified sing ROSE software.

A prognostic cuproptosis-related lncRNA predictive signature for bladder cancer patients.

Cuproptosis is a novel form of cell death in tumours. However, the clinical impact and mechanism of cuproptosis in bladder cancer (BC) remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) related to cuproptosis in BC and develop a prognostic predictive model.

Construction and validation of a novel cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNA signature for predicting the outcome of prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common tumors of the urinary system. Cuproptosis is a novel mode of controlled cell death that is related to the development of various tumor types. However, the functions of cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (CRLs) in PCa have not yet been well studied.

Establishment of an Individualized Predictive Model to Reduce the Core Number for Systematic Prostate Biopsy: A Dual Center Study Based on Stratification of the Disease Risk Score.

Purpose: To establish an individualized prostate biopsy model that reduces unnecessary biopsy cores based on multiparameter MRI (mpMRI).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, non-inferiority dual-center study retrospectively included 609 patients from the Changhai Hospital from June 2017 to November 2020 and 431 patients from the Fujian Union Hospital between 2014 and 2019. Clinical, radiological, and pathological data were analyzed.

MRI-Based Nomogram of Prostate Maximum Sectional Area and Its Zone Area for Prediction of Prostate Cancer.

Objective: To reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies, we designed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based nomogram prediction model of prostate maximum sectional area (PA) and investigated its zone area for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: MRI was administered to 691 consecutive patients before prostate biopsies from January 2012 to January 2020. PA, central gland sectional area (CGA), and peripheral zone sectional area (PZA) were measured on axial T2-weighted prostate MRI.

Evaluation of immune status in testis and macrophage polarization associated with testicular damage in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia.

Objective: Immune cells residing in the testicular interstitial space form the immunological microenvironment of the testis. They are assumed to play a role in maintaining testicular homeostasis and immune privilege. However, the immune status and related cell polarization in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) remains poorly characterized.

S100A14 inhibits cell growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in prostate cancer through FAT1-mediated Hippo signaling pathway.

Prostate cancer (PCA) is an epithelial malignant tumor occurring in the prostate gland. It is the second most common male cancer in the world and one of the top five cancer deaths in men. To combat this disease, it is needed to identify important tumor suppressor genes and elucidate the molecular mechanisms.

Multi-omics analysis of tumor angiogenesis characteristics and potential epigenetic regulation mechanisms in renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Tumor angiogenesis, an essential process for cancer proliferation and metastasis, has a critical role in prognostic of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), as well as a target in guiding treatment with antiangiogenic agents. However, tumor angiogenesis subtypes and potential epigenetic regulation mechanisms in KIRC patient remains poorly characterized. System evaluation of angiogenesis subtypes in KIRC patient might help to reveal the mechanisms of KIRC and develop more target treatments for patients.

Case Report: Dendritic Cells and Macrophages Capture Sperm in Chronically Inflamed Human Epididymis.

Chronic inflammation of the male genital tract is thought to be a primary etiological factor of male infertility. The abundance and activation of macrophages and dendritic cells in patients with chronic inflammation of genital tract were closely associated with oligozoospermia and asthenospermia. Chronic epididymitis appears to be more important than seminal vesiculitis or prostatitis due to the direct interaction between spermatozoa and epididymal inflammatory cells.

The roles of MRI-based prostate volume and associated zone-adjusted prostate-specific antigen concentrations in predicting prostate cancer and high-risk prostate cancer.

Prostate biopsies are frequently performed to screen for prostate cancer (PCa) with complications such as infections and bleeding. To reduce unnecessary biopsies, here we designed an improved predictive model of MRI-based prostate volume and associated zone-adjusted prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations for diagnosing PCa and risk stratification. Multiparametric MRI administered to 422 consecutive patients before initial transrectal ultrasonography-guided 13-core prostate biopsies from January 2012 to March 2018 at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital.

Mast cells infiltration and decreased E-cadherin expression in ketamine-induced cystitis.

Background: Ketamine is a controlled substance and often illegally used as a recreational drug primarily by young adults. Increasing ketamine abusers associated with lower urinary tract symptoms have been reported at hospitals in recent years. Here we used a murine model to explore the changes of bladder in order to elucidate its pathogenesis.

Roles of autophagy-related genes Beclin-1 and LC3 in the development and progression of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is common in Western populations and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among males in North America, with an increasing morbidity in China and other Asian countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protein expression of autophagy-related genes Beclin-1 and LC3 in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and elucidate their association with p53 and Bcl-2. The total protein of 34 PCa and 50 BPH samples was extracted and the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 was analyzed by western blotting assay.

Inhibition of androgen induces autophagy in benign prostate epithelial cells.

Objective: 5-α Reductase inhibitor can reduce the volume of benign prostatic hyperplasia by lowering benign prostatic hyperplasia level and consequently inducing epithelial cells apoptosis. The present study investigated whether autophagy and apoptosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cells are influenced by low benign prostatic hyperplasia levels.

Methods: PWR-1E prostate epithelial cells transfected with GFP-LC3 plasmid were subjected to androgen deprivation conditions.

HER2 expression in renal cell carcinoma is rare and negatively correlated with that in normal renal tissue.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of HER2 protein expression in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to determine its prognostic significance. A total of 42 paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and 42 additional corresponding adjacent normal tissues from RCC patients were randomly collected and studied using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Protein samples of 6 fresh specimens from tumor and adjacent normal tissues obtained during surgery were extracted and tested using western blotting to confirm the IHC results.

Reduction of major histocompatibility complex class I expression on bladder carcinoma following tumor antigen-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine: Implications for immunoresistance in therapy.

Objectives: To clarify the relationship between a decreased major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) expression on bladder tumors and decreased immunological efficacy of tumor antigen-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine in a rat bladder carcinoma model induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea irrigation.

Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate interferon-gamma concentration in the serum and colorimetric lactate dehydrogenase release assay in vitro was used to test the cytotoxicity capability of T lymphocytes. MHC-I expression on tumor cells was detected by flow cytometry and analyzed with CellQuest software.

Enhanced anti-tumor immunity generated by Rituximab-coated tumor cell vaccine.

Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody against CD20, and has been used to treat malignant tumors derived from B cell. We designed a tumor cell vaccine modified by Rituximab, and evaluated anti-tumor effect in human CD20 gene transfected mice tumor model in vivo, and in human CTLs induction by mixed lymphocyte tumor cell culture in vitro. The results demonstrated that the Rituximab-coated tumor cell vaccine had a significant therapeutic effect against tumor pulmonary metastasis formation.

Autophagy protects LNCaP cells under androgen deprivation conditions.

Androgen plays a critical role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. However, the regulatory role of androgen in the autophagic process and the function of the increased autophagosomes following androgen deprivation remain poorly understood. We found that autophagosomes, which were induced upon serum deprivation in LNCaP cells, can be significantly suppressed by dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

Rapid identification of UCA1 as a very sensitive and specific unique marker for human bladder carcinoma.

Purpose: The most common genitourinary malignancy in China is bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Early diagnosis of new and recurrent bladder cancers, followed by timely treatment, will help decrease mortality. There are currently no satisfactory markers for bladder cancer available in clinics.