Trogocytosis in CAR immune cell therapy: a key mechanism of tumor immune escape.

Immune cell therapy based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology platform has been greatly developed. The types of CAR immune cell therapy have expanded from T cells to innate immune cells such as NK cells and macrophages, and the diseases treated have expanded from hematological malignancies to non-tumor fields such as infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases. Among them, CAR-T and CAR-NK therapy have observed examples of rapid remission in approved clinical trials, but the efficacy is unstable and plagued by tumor resistance.

Developing CAR-immune cell therapy against SARS-CoV-2: Current status, challenges and prospects.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-immune cell therapy has revolutionized the anti-tumor field, achieving efficient and precise tumor clearance by directly guiding immune cell activity to target tumors. In addition, the use of CAR-immune cells to influence the composition and function of the immune system and ultimately achieve virus clearance and immune system homeostasis has attracted the interest of researchers. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) triggered a global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Cdc42GAP deficiency contributes to the Alzheimer's disease phenotype.

Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia, is a chronic degenerative disease with typical pathological features of extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and a significant decrease in the density of neuronal dendritic spines. Cdc42 is a member of the small G protein family that plays an important role in regulating synaptic plasticity and is regulated by Cdc42GAP, which switches Cdc42 from active GTP-bound to inactive GDP-bound states regulating downstream pathways via effector proteins. However, few studies have focused on Cdc42 in the progression of Alzheimer's disease.

Evolutionary analysis of stakeholder behavior in green retrofitting of traditional residential buildings based on dissemination and game models.

To achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals in China, green retrofitting of traditional residential buildings is the one of the important ways. Therefore, the dynamics process of the change of the resident group intention to retrofit and its impact on the behavior of the tripartite game between the government, investment retrofitting enterprises and residents needs to be analyzed. Firstly, a dissemination model of green retrofitting intentions among resident groups is constructed, and it is coupled with the tripartite game model.

Evolutionary analysis of resident groups' intention to participate in green retrofit PPP projects of traditional apartment complexes.

Green retrofit PPP projects of traditional apartment complexes play an important role in promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of the construction industry and achieving China's "double carbon" goals. The integrated retrofit of apartment complexes presupposes that the resident groups agree to the retrofit. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evolutionary mechanism of residents' intention to green retrofit and the transformation process of their behavior, and to explore how to enhance residents' intention to participate.

Harsh Parenting and Children's Aggressive Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model.

Harsh parenting and its effect on children's aggressive behavior has received attention from researchers, however few studies have considered the role of the emotional process. This study aims to examine the relationship between harsh parenting, children's aggressive behavior, normative beliefs about aggression, and regulatory emotional self-efficacy, alongside their mechanism of interplay. A sample of 235 senior primary school students in Beijing were recruited as participants by using the Harsh Parenting Scale, the Normative Beliefs about Aggression Scale, the Buss-Warren Aggression Questionnaire, and the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale.

The transcription factor FvHmg1 negatively regulates fruiting body development in Winter Mushroom Flammulina velutipes.

Fruiting body formation in Agaricomycetes represents the most complex and unclear process in the fungi. Mating type pathways (matA and matB) and transcription factors are important regulators in the process. Here, we report a new High-mobility-group (HMG) box domain protein FvHmg1 that acts as a negative transcription regulator in fruiting body development in Winter Mushroom Flammulina velutipes.

Comparison of physicochemical and biochemical properties of natural and arginine-modified melanin from medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum.

Melanin is a hydrophobic biomolecule produced widely in fungi. Compared with other fungi, health benefits have been associated with medicinal mushrooms, which may provide an excellent source of natural melanin. Nevertheless, the hydrophobicity of melanin may limit its applications.

Integration of Pleurotus tuoliensis cultivation and biogas production for utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as well as its benefit evaluation.

The present study was to assess the economic benefit of integrated P. tuoliensis cultivation and biogas production based on the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. Among the five evaluated cultivation substrates, that consisting of 55% cottonseed hull, 25% corncob, 10% wheat bran, 5% corn flour, 4% lime, and 1% gypsum was demonstrated to be optimal for the simultaneous production of P.

Dopamine D and D Receptors Differentially Regulate Rac1 and Cdc42 Signaling in the Nucleus Accumbens to Modulate Behavioral and Structural Plasticity After Repeated Methamphetamine Treatment.

Background: Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psychostimulant that strongly activates dopamine receptor signaling in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, how dopamine D and D receptors (DRs and DRs, respectively) as well as downstream signaling pathways, such as those involving Rac1 and Cdc42, modulate METH-induced behavioral and structural plasticity is largely unknown.

Methods: Using NAc conditional DR and DR deletion mice, Rac1 and Cdc42 mutant viruses, and a series of behavioral and morphological methods, we assessed the effects of DRs and DRs on Rac1 and Cdc42 in modulating METH-induced behavioral and structural plasticity in the NAc.

An extracellular yellow laccase from white rot fungus Trametes sp. F1635 and its mediator systems for dye decolorization.

A novel extracellular laccase was purified from fermentation broth of the white rot fungus Trametes sp. F1635 by a three-step protocol including two consecutive ion-exchange chromatography steps on DEAE-Sepharose and SP-Sepharose, and a final gel-filtration on Superdex 75. The purified laccase (TsL) was a monomeric protein with the molecular mass of 64.

Isolation of a protease-resistant and pH-stable α-galactosidase displaying hydrolytic efficacy toward raffinose family oligosaccharides from the button mushroom Agaricus bisporus.

A 45-kDa monomeric acidic α-galactosidase with a specific activity of 193.12 units/mg was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus. Blast search of internal peptide sequences suggested that it is a member of GH family 27 and it is most similar to hypothetical protein AGABI2DRAFT_70106.

An extracellular yellow laccase with potent dye decolorizing ability from the fungus Leucoagaricus naucinus LAC-04.

A novel laccase was isolated from fermentation broth of the mycorrhizal fungus Leucoagaricus naucinus LAC-04 by using a protocol that comprising ion-exchange chromatography steps on DEAE-cellulose, SP-Sepharose, and Q-Sepharose, and finally gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75. The laccase (LNL) was purified with a purification fold of 21.19 and a recovery rate of 19.

An acidic feruloyl esterase from the mushroom Lactarius hatsudake: A potential animal feed supplement.

An acidic feruloyl esterase (lhFAE) from Lactarius hatsudake was purified to homogeneity, resulting in a high specific activity of 10.3U/mg toward methyl ferulate as substrate, which was 33.2-fold higher than that of the crude enzyme.

Cocaine-induced synaptic structural modification is differentially regulated by dopamine D1 and D3 receptors-mediated signaling pathways.

Synaptic plasticity plays a critical role in cocaine addiction. The dopamine D1 and D3 receptors differentially regulate the cocaine-induced gene expression, structural remodeling and behavioral response. However, how these two receptors coordinately mediate the ultra-structural changes of synapses after cocaine exposure and whether these changes are behaviorally relevant are still not clear.

Biochemical characteristics of a novel protease from the basidiomycete Amanita virgineoides.

The characterization of a novel protease from Amanita virgineoides is described. The A. virgineoides protease was purified to homogeneity using Q-Sepharose, carboxymethyl-cellulose, diethylaminoethyl-cellulose, and a gel filtration step on Superdex 75.

Purification and Characterization of a White Laccase with Pronounced Dye Decolorizing Ability and HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitory Activity from Lepista nuda.

A strain LN07 with high laccase yield was identified as basidiomycete fungus Lepista nuda from which a white laccase without type I copper was purified and characterized. The laccase was a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 56 kDa. Its N-terminal amino acid sequence was AIGPAADLHIVNKDISPDGF.

An extracellular laccase with potent dye decolorizing ability from white rot fungus Trametes sp. LAC-01.

A novel laccase was purified from fermentation broth of white rot fungus Trametes sp. LAC-01 using an isolation procedure involving three ion-exchange chromatography steps on DEAE-cellulose, SP-Sepharose, and Q-Sepharose, and one gel-filtration step. The purified enzyme (TSL) was proved as a monomeric protein with a Mr of 59kDa based on SDS-PAGE and FPLC.

A novel laccase from fresh fruiting bodies of the wild medicinal mushroom Tricholoma matsutake.

The knowledge about biological activities of constituents from medicinal mushrooms belonging to the genus Tricholoma is limited. A 59-kDa laccase has now been purified from fresh fruiting bodies of the mushroom Tricholoma matsutake. The purification protocol entailed ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose, affinity chromatography on ConA-Sepharose, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75.

A novel compound from the mushroom Cryptoporus volvatus inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in vitro.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a serious contagious disease in the swine industry. At present, there are no effective control strategies against PRRSV. Thus, there is an urgent need for new treatment regimens that have efficacious antiviral activity to compensate for vaccines.

Purification and characterization of an α-galactosidase from Phaseolus coccineus seeds showing degrading capability on raffinose family oligosaccharides.

An acidic α-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.