Mendelian randomization did not support the causal effect of diabetes on aortic diseases.

Observational studies revealed paradoxically inverse associations between diabetes and aortic diseases (aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection), yet the causality remains to be determined. To investigate the causal associations between diabetes and aortic diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Summary-level data for exposures (type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin) and outcomes (aortic dissection and aortic aneurysm) were obtained from public genome-wide association study data.

Association between Vitamin E, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 with coronary heart disease.

Conflicting evidence still exists regarding Vitamin B12's involvement in coronary heart disease (CHD). There is no precedent for previous studies to include both Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, as well as Vitamin E in the consideration of CHD associating factors. Our data derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which covers the period 2003-2020.

Phenome-Wide Investigation of the Causal Associations Between Pre-Pregnancy Obesity Traits and Gestational Diabetes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

Pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with gestational diabetes in observational studies, but whether this relationship is causal remains to be determined. To evaluate whether pre-pregnancy obesity traits causally affect gestational diabetes risk, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed utilizing summary-level statistics from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Obesity-related traits included body mass index (BMI), overweight, obesity, obesity class 1, obesity class 2, obesity class 3, childhood obesity, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), percent liver fat, visceral adipose tissue volume, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue volume.

The causality between Type 2 diabetes and breast cancer: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Observational studies showed that Type 2 diabetes increased the risk of breast cancer, and . However, it is uncertain whether the link is causal or just due to confounding factors. Using bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis, we assessed the bidirectional causal relationship from a genetic level.

Nicorandil-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Facilitate Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction via Promoting Macrophage M2 Polarization by Targeting miR-125a-5p/TRAF6/IRF5 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exo) have been considered as a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease. Cardioprotective drug pretreatment could be an effective approach to improve the efficacy of MSC-exo. Nicorandil has long been used in clinical practice for cardioprotection.

Causal associations between atrial fibrillation and breast cancer: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous observational studies indicated that atrial fibrillation may increase the risk of breast cancer. Following a breast cancer diagnosis, the chance of developing atrial fibrillation may increase as well. However, it is uncertain whether the link is causal or just due to confounding factors.

The prevalence and outcomes in STEMI patients aged ≥75 undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention in China.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Chinese patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) aged ≥75 years.

Methods: We identified STEMI patients aged ≥75 years between 2013 and 2014 from a multicenter registry. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.

Psoriasis may increase the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Although some studies have indicated that Psoriasis could contribute to the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), no study has reported a clear causal association between them. Our aim was to explore the potential relationship between Psoriasis and IPF using Mendelian randomization (MR) design.

Methods: To explore a causal association between Psoriasis and IPF, we used genetic instruments from the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) of European ancestry, including psoriasis (5314 cases, 457,619 controls) and IPF (1028 cases, 196,986 controls).

Effect of Household Income on Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Biomarkers, and Socioeconomic Factors.

Purpose: To examine whether household income is causally related to cardiovascular diseases and investigate the potential reasons.

Methods: Using 2-sample Mendelian randomization analyses, we obtained summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of household income and a range of cardiovascular diseases, biomarkers, and socioeconomic factors.

Findings: Higher household income was causally associated with lower risks of coronary heart disease (odd ratio [OR] = 0.

Causal Associations of Education Level With Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Biomarkers, and Socioeconomic Factors.

An inverse association of education level with cardiovascular diseases has been documented in observational studies, yet the causality and potential mechanisms remain to be determined. To systematically investigate the causal associations of education level with cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular biomarkers, and socioeconomic factors, a 2-sample Mendelian randomization was performed. The results revealed that higher genetically determined education level was associated with lower risks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR] 0.

Causal effect of hypertension and blood pressure on aortic diseases: evidence from Mendelian randomization.

Hypertension or elevated blood pressure was documented to be an important risk factor for aortic diseases in observational studies, yet the causality remains to be determined. By applying a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we aim to determine whether hypertension or elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP] or diastolic blood pressure [DBP]) is linked causally to aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection. Genetic instruments and summary statistics for hypertension and aortic diseases were obtained from large genome-wide association studies.

Invasive Versus Conservative Management of NSTEMI Patients Aged ≥ 75 Years.

Background: The efficiency of invasive management in older patients (≥75 years) with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) remains ambiguous.

Objectives: To assess the efficiency of invasive management in older patients with NSTEMI based on meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA).

Methods: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies were included.

Atorvastatin-pretreated mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote cardiac repair after myocardial infarction via shifting macrophage polarization by targeting microRNA-139-3p/Stat1 pathway.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pretreated with atorvastatin (ATV) (MSC-EV) have a superior cardiac repair effect on acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The mechanisms, however, have not been fully elucidated. This study aims to explore whether inflammation alleviation of infarct region via macrophage polarization plays a key role in the efficacy of MSC-EV.

The Causality between Diabetes and Venous Thromboembolism: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background:  Diabetes was considered as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), but conflicting findings have been reported from observational studies. This study aimed at investigating the causal associations of type 1 and type 2 diabetes with VTE, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods:  We designed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis by using summary-level data from large genome-wide association studies performed in European individuals.

Individual or familial diabetes in relation to eight cardiovascular diseases: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Aims: Diabetes is associated with increased risk of certain cardiovascular diseases, yet the causality remains to be determined. Meanwhile, given that first-degree relatives share 50% of genes, the effect of familial diabetes is also worthy of attention. Therefore, we sought to investigate the causal relations of individual or familial diabetes with eight cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, cardiac death, pulmonary embolism, transient ischemic attack, and ischemic stroke.

Causal Associations Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Venous Thromboembolism.

Objective:  The aim of the study is to assess the causal effects of cardiovascular risk factors on venous thromboembolism (VTE) and its subtypes including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods:  A summary-level Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed by extracting data from public and large-scale genome-wide association studies for cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, body mass index [BMI], smoking, alcohol, and physical activity), VTE, DVT, and PE to identify genetic instruments.

Results:  BMI (per standard deviation [SD] increase; odds ratio [OR]: 1.

Causal relationship between moderate to vigorous physical activity and venous thromboembolism.

Previous studies have shown conflicting results about the impact of moderate to vigorous physical activity on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).  Using Mendelian randomization, we assessed whether moderate to vigorous physical activity causally affects VTE from genetic level. Genetic instruments associated with moderate to vigorous physical activity at the genome-wide significance level (P < 5×10) were selected from the UK Biobank.

Mendelian Randomization Study Does Not Support a Bidirectional Link between Atherosclerosis and Venous Thromboembolism.

Aim: Some observational studies suggested that atherosclerosis increased the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and vice versa. However, the results were conflicting, and the causal relationship is yet to be established. Therefore, we applied Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to assess the bidirectional causality between coronary heart disease (CHD) and VTE, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Use of Mendelian randomization to evaluate the effect of atrial fibrillation on cardiovascular diseases and cardiac death.

Aims: Several observational studies indicated that atrial fibrillation might aggravate other cardiovascular diseases apart from ischaemic stroke. However, it remains to be determined whether these associations reveal independent causation. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we systematically investigated how genetically predicted atrial fibrillation affected other cardiovascular diseases and cardiac death.

Association of beta-blocker therapy at discharge with clinical outcomes in patients without heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute coronary syndrome: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Beta-blockers are the standard treatment for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) based on evidence from the prethrombolytic era. We sought to examine the effect of beta-blocker treatment on patients without heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction after ACS in the contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) era.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.

Comparison of Six Different Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Guidance Modalities.

Background: New randomized trials and modalities in guiding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have become available.

Objective: We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of coronary angiography (CAG), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fractional flow reserve (FFR), instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), and optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI)-guided PCI.

Methods: A network meta-analysis was performed to compare different PCI guidance modalities.

Beta-Blocker Use after Discharge in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Contemporary Reperfusion Era.

The effect of beta-blocker use after discharge on patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the contemporary reperfusion era remains ambiguous. By applying meta-analysis, we sought to assess the role of beta-blockers in the contemporary reperfusion era. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies using propensity score matching, comparing use of beta-blockers with non-use of beta-blockers, in patients with AMI after discharge.