Impact of shift work and other work-related factors on anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein serum concentrations in healthcare workers after primary mRNA vaccination - a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Knowing whether shift work negatively affects the immune system's response to COVID-19 vaccinations could be valuable for planning future vaccination campaigns for healthcare workers. We aimed to determine the impact of working late or night shifts on serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein immunoglobulin G (anti-S) antibody levels after primary SARS-CoV-2-mRNA vaccination.

Methods: To obtain detailed information on shift work, we sent a separate online questionnaire to 1475 eligible healthcare workers who participated in a prospective longitudinal study conducted in 15 healthcare institutions in Switzerland.

[Fluoride Update].

This article will provide an overview of the principles and modes of action of fluorides in oral care products, followed by a brief outline of the history and current situation regarding salt fluoridation in Switzerland. Recommendations for the use of fluoridated oral care products, current research results on the use of fluoride-containing dental care products and controversies related to fluorides are presented. Finally, the changes in fluoride concentration for children’s toothpastes in Europe and the corresponding implementation in Switzerland as well as changes regarding the use of fluoride in school dentistry are discussed.

Symptoms and quality of life in patients with coexistent atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter.

Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) are two of the most common atrial arrhythmias and often coexist. Many patients with AF or AFL are symptomatic, which impacts their quality of life (QoL). The purpose of this study was to determine whether coexistent AFL represents an added burden for AF patients.

The Impact of Orthodontic Bands on the Marginal Periodontium of Maxillary First Molars: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Radiographic Analysis.

Aim: Available information on the effect of orthodontic treatment on crestal alveolar bone levels measured in radiographs is contradictory. The aim of this study was to compare the alveolar bone level and periodontal ligament space of banded upper first molars to untreated controls.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional radiographic study investigated alveolar bone levels of upper first molars of an orthodontic test group and an untreated control group of comparable age (15-16.

Caries experience in 7-, 12-, and 15-year-old schoolchildren in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland, from 1992 to 2011.

Objectives: To investigate the changes in caries experience and prevalence among schoolchildren of the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland, over the course of 20 years.

Methods: A random sample of either schoolchildren aged 7, 12, and 15 years (in 1992) or aged 12 and 15 years (in 1997) or their respective school classes (2001, 2006 and 2011) was selected so that approximately 10% of schoolchildren could be examined. The children's dmft and DMFT scores were determined according to the WHO methodology and analyzed using cluster-adjusted ordinary multiple linear regression modeling.

Survey on oral hygiene measures for intubated patients in Swiss intensive care units.

Five to ten percent of all hospitalized patients are treated in intensive care units. The risk of nosocomial infections is inherent in the latter, especially in cases of intubation. In this context, impaired oral hygiene may play a pivotal role.

The prevalence of approximal caries in patients after fixed orthodontic treatment and in untreated subjects: a retrospective, cross-sectional study on bitewing radiographs.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective, cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of approximal carious lesions in patients after fixed multibracket therapy and in subjects without orthodontics on bitewing radiographs.

Material And Methods: Bitewing radiographs of 104 orthodontically treated patients with fixed multibracket appliances were compared to those of 111 untreated subjects. The individuals in both groups were between 15 and 16.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of patients receiving both tooth- and implant-supported prosthodontic treatment after 5 years of function.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to assess survival and complication rates of tooth- and implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and single crowns (SCs) after 5 years of function in a specific patient population group who underwent comprehensive prosthetic treatment.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included a convenience sample of 52 patients who met specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and were treated during two specific courses as part of the undergraduate curriculum. The patients' prosthodontic treatment comprised 296 tooth-supported and 37 implant-supported SCs together with 76 tooth-supported and 15 implant-supported FDPs.

Dental visits, oral hygiene behaviour, and orthodontic treatment in Switzerland.

Since the first survey in 1992/93, the Swiss Health Survey (SHS) has been repeated every 5 years (1997, 2002 and 2007). In the present study, dental visits (dental care utilisation within the last 12 months), oral hygiene measures and the frequency of orthodontic treatments in the Swiss population in 2002 were examined and dental visits were compared with the years 1992/93, 1997 and 2007. Weighted data were analysed regarding different sociodemographic factors.

Caries risks and appropriate intervals between bitewing x-ray examinations in schoolchildren.

Short intervals between bitewing examinations favor the timely detection of lesions on approximal surfaces. Long intervals reduce the exposure to radiation. Thus, the question arises which intervals between bite-wing examinations are appropriate.

Changes in dental caries in Zurich school-children over a period of 45 years.

In 16 rural communities of the Canton of Zurich, school-children of all age groups participated in dental examinations conducted at intervals of 4 years since 1963/64. The same standardised method was used throughout the entire period. This study documents the caries experience over a period of 45 years.

Further caries decline in Swiss recruits from 1996 to 2006.

Previous investigations showed a steady decline of the caries experience. The purpose of this study was to determine the caries experience of Swiss recruits in 2006 and to compare it to that of 1985 and 1996. The results of a parallel investigation which dealt with the periodontal health of the same recruits have already been published (Röthlisberger et al.

Assessment of dental fluorosis prevalence in Swiss populations.

In 1996 and 2006, recruits of the Swiss army participated in a dental survey. Similarly in 1995/96 and 2004/05, randomly selected schoolchildren from 16 rural communities of the Canton of Zurich participated in a dental survey. As part of these surveys, color slides were taken of the incisor teeth of all recruits, as well as of third and fourth grade schoolchildren.

Caries prevalence in 2-year-old children in the city of Zurich.

Objectives: To establish caries prevalence in 2-year-olds in the city of Zurich; and to investigate the relationship between caries prevalence and dietary habits, and oral hygiene practices in native children and children with immigrant background.

Method: 1,000 randomly selected 2-year-olds were invited to participate in a clinical examination, at which parents were interviewed about the child's oral hygiene and dietary habits. Caries diagnosis was based on visual inspection of all tooth surfaces and included both initial (d1) and cavitated (d2) lesions.

[Early childhood caries--facts and prevention].

In 2003, 771 randomly selected two-year-old children from the town of Zurich were examined. Teeth with carious cavities were observed in 12.6% of the children.

Changes in oral health over a 10-yr period in Switzerland.

The Swiss Health Surveys are conducted every 5 yr, and alternate surveys contain information on oral health. Worldwide the population is ageing and oral health is improving. The aim of this study was to identify if these trends are continuing in a relatively affluent society with low levels of edentulousness.

Dental fluorosis in salt fluoridation schemes.

The prevalences of fluoride-associated opacities (FOP) and nonfluoride-associated opacities (non-FOP) were assessed in two cantons of Switzerland with different salt fluoridation schemes. In the Canton of Zurich 305 schoolchildren from eight communities (age 9-10) were examined in 1995 and 900 children from one community (age 8-16) in 2002. In the Canton of Glarus 144 schoolchildren from 14 communities (age 9-10) were examined in 1996.

Use of the Significant Caries Index in quantifying the changes in caries in Switzerland from 1964 to 2000.

Objectives: To follow the changes in the Significant Caries Index (SiC) and the DMFT during the period 1964-2000 in children aged 12 and 15 in the Canton of Zurich.

Methods: Examinations of random samples of children in 16 communities of the Canton were repeated every 4 years from 1964 onwards using the same standards for diagnosing caries.

Results: In the 12-year-olds, the children in the low tertile had virtually no DMF-experience from 1980 on.

Effect of 1000 ppm relative to 250 ppm fluoride toothpaste. A meta-analysis.

Purpose: To estimate the overall effect of 1000 ppm F relative to 250 ppm F toothpaste.

Methods: Experimental caries increment studies from the dental literature, which compared 1000 ppm with 250 ppm fluoride toothpastes, were summarized using meta-analytic methods.

Results: The overall caries reduction of 1000 ppm F relative to 250 ppm F paste was estimated to be 0.

[Caries prevalence among students in the city of Winterthur: comparison with the city of Zurich and 16 communities in the canton of Zurich].

The aim of the present survey was to assess the caries prevalence in schoolchildren of the city of Winterthur in the year 2002. A simple random sample of 1000 schoolchildren was drawn. 65% of the children participated in the standardized investigation.

[Effect of mouthwashing with tea tree oil on plaque and inflammation].

The tea tree oil (melaleuca alternifolia) has antiseptic, fungicide and bactericide effects. The efficiency against oral bacteria was also evident. Xylitol is known for counterattacking the cariogenic effect caused by the streptococcus mutans.

[Caries prevalence among 5-year-olds in the city of Winterthur in the year 2001].

The aim of the present study was to assess the caries prevalence of 5-year-olds in the city of Winterthur in 2001. By simple random sampling 350 children were selected. Two-hundred-and-ninety-one of the children (83%) participated.

An estimation of Toxocara canis prevalence in dogs, environmental egg contamination and risk of human infection in the Marche region of Italy.

The human risk of infection with larvae of Toxocara canis was estimated in people from the Marche region of Italy. This region includes both urban and rural areas and its inhabitants frequently keep dogs for company, hunting, as guardians or shepherds. T.

[Caries prevalence among students in 16 Zurich districts in the years 1992 to 2000].

Standardized dental examinations of schoolchildren were regularly carried out since 1964 in 16 rural communities of the Canton of Zurich. In 1964, there were no 14-year-old schoolchildren free from caries; in the Nineties about half of the 14-year-olds had a caries-free permanent dentition (DMFT = 0). From the year 1992 to 2000, the caries prevalence (DMFT) of 14-year-olds decreased once again, by 31%.

An example of complex modelling in dentistry using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation.

Background: In the usual regression setting one regression line is computed for a whole data set. In a more complex situation, each person may be observed for example at several points in time and thus a regression line might be calculated for each person. Additional complexities, such as various forms of errors in covariables may make a straightforward statistical evaluation difficult or even impossible.