The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword.

The domain of cancer treatment has persistently been confronted with significant challenges, including those associated with recurrence and drug resistance. The complement system, which serves as the foundation of the innate immune system, exhibits intricate and nuanced dual characteristics in the evolution of tumors. On the one hand, the complement system has the capacity to directly inhibit cancer cell proliferation via specific pathways, thereby exerting a beneficial anti-tumor effect.

Research Progress on Biomaterials for Spinal Cord Repair.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a very destructive disease of the central nervous system that often causes irreversible nerve damage. Unfortunately, the adult mammalian spinal cord displays little regenerative capacity after injury. In addition, the glial scars and inflammatory responses around the lesion site are another major obstacle for successful axon regeneration after SCI.

Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy in overcoming tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in a patient with malignant pleural effusion: a case report.

Background: Lung cancer remains a global health challenge, with an incidence of 23% and an overall 5-year survival of only 19%, as nearly half newly diagnosed cases are at the advanced stages. Among Asian patients, over 50% of lung cancer cases carry epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations, highlighting the significance of targeted therapy, mainly tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, acquired resistance to -TKIs inevitably occurs, representing a persisting challenge in cancer therapy.

Revealing study and breeding implications for production traits and tail characteristics in Simmental cattle by GWAS.

Simmental cattle are renowned for their dual purpose as meat and dairy breeds. The study recorded phenotype data from 183 Simmental cattle and performed a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) analysis to elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying milk production, body size traits, and tail characteristics. Statistical analysis of phenotype data showed that season, parity, and age at first calving (AFC) factors had a significant effect on milk production ( < 0.

Natural products based on Correa's cascade for the treatment of gastric cancer trilogy: Current status and future perspective.

Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a malignancy with multifactorial involvement, multicellular regulation, and multistage evolution. The classic Correa's cascade of intestinal GC specifies a trilogy of malignant transformation of the gastric mucosa, in which normal gastric mucosa gradually progresses from inactive or chronic active gastritis (Phase I) to gastric precancerous lesions (Phase II) and finally to GC (Phase III). Correa's cascade highlights the evolutionary pattern of GC and the importance of early intervention to prevent malignant transformation of the gastric mucosa.

From Learner to Provider: Navigating Role Tensions in Postgraduate Medical Training Through Activity Theory.

Introduction: The transition from medical school to residency, especially during the postgraduate year (PGY) internship, poses unique challenges as graduates navigate clinical practice complexities. Understanding PGYs' experiences is crucial for developing effective support strategies to promote their professional growth and well-being.

Methods: This qualitative, longitudinal study followed ten PGYs from August 2021 to July 2023, using biannual audio diary based on open-ended questions to capture their experiences.

External stimuli-driven catalytic hydrogels for biomedical applications.

Hydrogels, bearing three-dimensional networks formed through chemical or physical crosslinking of hydrophilic macromolecules, benefit from their biocompatibility, tunable properties, and high loading capacities, and thus hold great promise for biomedical applications. Recent advancements have increasingly focused on the integration of non-invasive external stimuli-such as light, heat, electricity, magnetism, and ultrasound-into hydrogel design. These external stimuli-driven catalytic hydrogels can dynamically respond to these stimuli, allowing for high spatial and temporal precision in their application.

The Effect of the Loading-Unloading Cycles on the Tensile Behavior and Structures of Spider Tubular Gland Silk.

There exists a significant correlation between the microstructural evolution and the mechanical properties of fibers during repeated loading and unloading cycles. Nevertheless, the influence of deformation and the duration of intervals on the structural and tensile behavior of spider silk after repeated stretching at a given strain value has been rarely reported, with the exception of studies focusing on the major ampullate gland silk (Mas) of the spider. In order to investigate the effects of repeated stretching on the structural and mechanical behavior of spider tubular gland silk (Tus), the tensile properties and the changes in semiquantitative protein secondary structure of Tus during loading-unloading cycles were characterized.

Dose Modulation Strategies in Psoriatic Patients: Real-Life Pilot Comparison Between Risankizumab and Guselkumab up to 12 Months After Dose Spacing.

The possibility of modulating the treatment regimen regarding dose reduction (de-escalation) or dose augmentation (escalation) in psoriasis biological treatment has been of increasing interest. De-escalation strategies include reducing the single therapeutic dose, the mg/kg ratio or the number of injections, or dose-spacing (D-S), that is, extending the interval between administrations. Data regarding dose de-escalation, in particular D-S, on IL-23, are lacking to date.

Engineering the Lewis Acidity of Fe Single-Atom Sites via Atomic-Level Tuning of Spatial Coordination Configuration for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction.

Nitrogen-doped carbon-supported Fe catalysts (Fe-N-C) with Fe-N active sites hold great promise for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, fine-tuning the structure of Fe-N active sites to enhance their performance remains a grand challenge. Herein, we report an innovative design strategy to promote the ORR activity and kinetics of Fe-N sites by engineering their Lewis acidity, which is achieved by tuning the spatial Fe coordination geometry.

Associations Between Elevated Rates of Depression, Anxiety, and PTSD Among ICU Survivors and Increased Mortality and Readmissions.

Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) mortality has decreased, highlighting improved patient outcomes. However, other critical factors affect post-ICU survival, including lasting physical, cognitive, and psychological challenges termed postintensive care syndrome (PICS), encompassing depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The prevalence of these conditions among ICU survivors is high and potentially linked to ICU treatment.

Thalidomide can effectively prevent relapse in IgG4-related disease outweighing its side effects: a multicentre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of thalidomide in preventing disease relapse with 'zero' glucocorticoids (GCs) usage in IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD).

Methods: This was a multicentre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, in which eligible patients in disease active status were randomised into 2 groups (group 1: GCs+Thalidomide; group 2: GCs+Placebo) at a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome of this trial was the disease relapse rate at month 12, whereas the secondary outcomes were the disease remission rate at month 12 and the incidence of adverse events (AEs).

High-pressure-induced viable but non-culturable lactic acid bacteria inhibit its post-acidification.

Inhibiting post-acidification while preserving viable probiotics in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation is pivotal to preserving quality and probiotic benefits. In this study, following high-pressure processing (HPP) at 400 and 500 MPa for 600 s, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum entered the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. Resuscitation curves, pH levels, acid generation, and glucose metabolism were monitored at 4 °C.

MicroRNA-6069 ASO inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by PLEKHO1.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. And due to the low early diagnostic rate of liver cancer, many patients miss the optimal time for surgical resection, so it is necessitate to identificate the novel therapeutic targets. This study investigates the role of microRNA-6069 (miR-6069) in HCC pathogenesis.

Palmitic acid exacerbates experimental autoimmune uveitis by activating T helper 17 cells via regulating STING signaling.

Recent studies found that palmitic acid (PA), the most abundant fatty acid in human body, was increased in uveitis patients. However, its exact effect on uveitis has not been clarified. In this study, experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), an animal model of human uveitis, was successfully induced with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) 651-670 and pertussis toxin.

Dysplasia in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Shows Distinct Clinicopathologic Features Compared With that in Adult Patients.

Due to its rarity, there is limited information on the clinicopathologic features of dysplasia in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The existing surveillance guidelines for these patients do not include dysplasia as a potential risk factor for colorectal cancer, and there is no clear guidance on the optimal strategy for detecting dysplasia. As such, we analyzed the clinicopathologic features of 20 patients with IBD who developed at least 1 instance of dysplasia (n = 56) before the age of 21 years.

Progesterone vaginal gel or combined medication for luteal-phase support of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: single-centre, Chinese, randomized, open-label, pilot study.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore potential differences in efficacy between vaginal progesterone (VPG) and VPG+oral progesterone (OPG) for luteal-phase support in hormone replacement therapy-frozen embryo transfer (HRT-FET) cycles.

Design: A single-centre, open-label, randomized controlled, phase IV pilot study.

Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: Infertile women aged 20-38 years undergoing HRT-FET cycles were included.

Revealing the effects of compound curing agents on the microbial community and metabolites of Nuodeng ham based on high-throughput sequencing and metabolomics.

To elucidate the effects of compound curing agent on the microbial community and metabolite composition of Nuodeng ham. The microbial community and small molecule metabolites of Nuodeng ham were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and UPLC-QE-MS technology in this study. Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, and Lactobacillus were found to be the dominant bacterial genera in Nuodeng ham.

Fostering service-sales ambidexterity: The cross-level influence of self-sacrificial leadership through social exchange mechanisms.

In the increasingly competitive service industry, organizations require frontline employees to deliver customer service while simultaneously driving sales to enhance overall performance. However, employees face significant challenges in balancing these dual tasks. Grounded in social exchange theory, this study adopts a cross-level analysis to examine how group-level self-sacrificial leadership fosters employees' service-sales ambidextrous behavior through leader-member exchange (LMX), harmonious passion and shared vision.

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum XZ01 delays the progression of colon cancer in mice through the interaction between the microbial spatial distribution and tumour immunity.

Studies have shown that the colonisation of active microorganisms is more conducive to the development of tumour immunotherapy, but intuitive evidence regarding shaping of the tumour immune microenvironment is lacking. In this study, we used Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum (XZ01) to intervene in a colon cancer mouse model and found that its mechanism may be related to the interaction between the spatial distribution of microorganisms and tumour immunity.

Characterization and genomic insights into the nitrogen metabolism of heterotrophic nitrifying and aerobic denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa WS-03.

To achieve effective removal of various inorganic nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems, while expanding the applicability of existing heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying (HN-AD) strains and enhancing their stress tolerance, we isolated the Pseudomonas aeruginosa WS-03 from a sewage treatment plant. The results of parameter optimization indicated that the following were the most favorable conditions for nitrogen removal: using sodium citrate as the carbon source, a C/N ratio of 9, a pH of 7, a temperature of 30 °C and an NH-N concentrations below 300 mg/L. The maximum reduction rates of nitrogen are 8.

Risk of Mortality of people with Psoriasis and Psoriatic arthritis in Taiwan: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Objective: Residual confounding effects and disease severity attributed to controversial results in studies of psoriatic disease (PsD) and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the risk of mortality in incident PsD patients, compared to a matched controls from the population.

Methods: We used the nationwide, population-based insurance claim datasets in Taiwan from 2010-2018.

Single-cell metabolomics profiling of somatosensory neurons in various stages of neuropathic pain.

Metabolic alterations in the somatosensory cortex (S1) play a crucial role in neuropathic pain development, as evidenced by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analyses of brain homogenates. However, investigating metabolic changes in specific neuronal subtypes during neuropathic pain development remains challenging. Here, utilizing a recently developed technique called single-cell mass spectrometry (SCMS), we investigated metabolomic alterations within excitatory glutamatergic neurons located in the primary S1 during various stages of neuropathic pain.

Novel janus kinase 3 inhibitor ritlecitinib suppresses T and B cell responses to prevent acute cardiac allograft rejection in mice.

Acute rejection is the main contributor to early allograft failure. Current immunosuppressive regimens have shortcomings, such as toxicity and minimal inhibitory effects on B cells. Hence, developing novel, effective, and selective anti-acute rejection drugs is crucial.