A Rapid and Reliable Propidium Monoazide Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detecting Viable pv. .

pv. (Psa) is responsible for causing kiwifruit canker disease. The detection of Psa is commonly carried out using normal PCR and culture-based isolation.

Sulfide Synthesis via A Bioinspired C-S σ-Bond Metathesis.

In this manuscript, inspired by the natural S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) cycle, we devised a mixed σ-bond metathesis between the (sp)C-S bond of organic sulfides with the C-O bond of alcohols. This reaction is mediated by a readily available and operationally facile mixture of AlCl and ZnI, which allows fast access to various challenging organic sulfides by directly editing the (sp)C-S bond of easily available ones. Like multiple bond metathesis, this method could also be rendered intramolecular and extended to ether (sp)C-O bond metathesis as well as amine (sp)C-N bond metathesis to provide saturated heterocycles such as cyclic thioethers, cyclic ethers, as well as cyclic amines.

Duckweed: a starch-hyperaccumulating plant under cultivation with a combination of nutrient limitation and elevated CO.

Introduction: The increasing global demand for starch has created an urgent need to identify more efficient and sustainable production methods. However, traditional starch sources, such as crop-based options, experience significant bottlenecks due to limitations in land use, water consumption, and the impacts of climate change. Therefore, there is a pressing need to explore and develop new sources of starch.

Improved image quality and micronodule detection in thyroid spectral computed tomography using modified swimmer's position.

Background: Spectral computed tomography (CT) can be used as a valuable complement to ultrasound (US) in the detection of thyroid nodules. This study sought to investigate the effects of various arm positions during thyroid spectral CT scans in terms of radiation exposure, image quality, and micronodule detection (≤10 mm).

Methods: A total of 180 patients (mean age: 48 years; 136 females) who underwent thyroid spectral CT were assigned to the traditional position (TDN; n=60), swimmer's position (SWIM; n=60), and modified swimmer's position (M-SWIM; n=60) groups.

Insights from using biplanar intersection for freehand frontal ventriculostomy: a retrospective case-control study with virtual simulation.

Background: Frontal ventriculostomy (FV) is essential in neurosurgery; however, traditional freehand puncture methods have low accuracy, and ultrasound guidance is time consuming and expensive. To improve freehand puncture accuracy, this study introduced a biplanar intersection (BI) method, and analyzed the frontal-horn puncture mechanism. No related reports exist to date.

HER3-targeting Antibody-drug Conjugates Therapy for Solid Tumors: Recent Advances and Future Potentials.

In most advanced cancers, standard medical treatments are generally employed. With the emergence of Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs), more optimal therapeutic methods have become available for treating tumors. ADC is composed of a monoclonal antibody that targets a specific antigen and a cytotoxic payload, which conjugates via the synthetic linkers.

Outcomes of BTD vs. BCD as initial treatment of renal amyloid light-chain amyloidosis: a retrospective cohort study in China.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of bortezomib with thalidomide and dexamethasone (BTD) and bortezomib with cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (BCD) as the initial treatment for renal amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis in Chinese cohort.

Methods: A cohort of 174 patients with AL amyloidosis was studied in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2008 to August 2023. Propensity-score matching cases were applied to assess the outcomes of patients treated with BTD and BCD regimen.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for motor function in stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the safety and effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in treating motor dysfunction in stroke patients.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in five online databases, namely, Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus, from their inception to July 29, 2024. Studies meeting the predetermined inclusion criteria were included.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the base of the tongue: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma originates from reserve cells present in ducts of salivary glands and is the most common malignancy of the salivary glands. It is commonly found in the parotid gland, followed by the palatal and buccal mucous membranes. However, mucoepidermoid carcinoma occurrence in other intraoral sites, including the tongue base, is extremely rare.

Potential cost-savings of breastfeeding promotion to prevent breast cancer: a Monte Carlo simulation.

Background: Breastfeeding protects mothers against breast cancer. Our study aimed to estimate the healthcare cost-savings resulting from a reduction in breast cancer attributed to an increase in the breastfeeding rate in Hong Kong.

Methods: This is an economic evaluation.

Association of pan-immune inflammation value with mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism: a cohort study.

Pan-immune inflammation value (PIV) is associated with prognosis in immune and inflammatory diseases, and inflammation is a hallmark of pulmonary embolism (PE). Nonetheless, the link between PIV and prognosis in PE remains unclear. However, few studies have specifically focused on critically ill patients with PE in ICUs.

Distinct effects of early-stage and late-stage socioeconomic factors on brain and behavioral traits.

Socioeconomic status (SES) is a time-varying multidimensional construct with ill-defined dimension-specific and age-specific effects on brain and behavior. We investigated these effects in 4,228 young adults. From 16 socioeconomic indicators, assessed for early (0-10 years) and late (>10 years) stages, we constructed family, provincial, family adverse and neighborhood adverse socioeconomic dimensions.

The association of chronic pain, painkiller use, and potential mediators with liver fat content.

Excessive accumulation of liver fat content (LFC) is a pathological manifestation of steatotic liver diseases. This study aims to investigate the relationship between chronic pain and LFC development. In the UK Biobank, chronic pain sites were collected via questionnaire, while LFC was measured by magnetic resonance imaging and quantified by Proton Density Fat Fraction (PDFF).

Dupilumab successfully controlled eczema in Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome over 52 weeks.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by immunodeficiency, thrombocytopenia, and eczema. The Management of eczema remains still a major clinical challenge. We present a rare case of eczema associated with WAS in an 8-year-old boy whose lesions significantly improve after a 4-week treatment of dupilumab, a interleukin(IL)-4α receptor monoclonal antibody.

Harnessing organic electrolyte for non-corrosive and wide-temperature Na-Cl battery.

Rechargeable sodium-chlorine (Na-Cl) batteries show great promise in grid energy storage applications due to their high electrochemical performance. However, the use of highly corrosive thionyl chloride (SOCl)-based electrolytes has severely hindered their real-world applications. Here we show a non-corrosive ester (methyl dichloroacetate) as a promising alternative to SOCl, which can form a non-corrosive electrolyte with aluminum chloride and sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide for high-performance rechargeable Na-Cl batteries.

FmCFA: a feature matching method for critical feature attention in multimodal images.

Multimodal image feature matching is a critical technique in computer vision. However, many current methods rely on extensive attention interactions, which can lead to the inclusion of irrelevant information from non-critical regions, introducing noise and consuming unnecessary computational resources. In contrast, focusing attention on the most relevant regions (information-rich areas) can significantly improve the subsequent matching phase.

Pt-LIS1 participates nuclear deformation and acrosome formation via regulating Dynein-1 during spermatogenesis in Portunus trituberculatus.

Spermatogenesis involves complex dynamic mechanisms. Dynein-1 is a key carrier in cellular cargo transport, participating in nuclear deformation and acrosome formation during spermatogenesis. However, the regulatory mechanisms of Dynein-1 during cargo transport remain unknown.

Deciphering a volcano-shaped relationship between radical stability and reticular electrochemiluminescence.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a light-emitting process in which the stability of electrochemically generated radicals has a crucial impact on the efficiency and durability of excited state generation. Therefore, deciphering a relationship between radical stability and ECL performance is highly appealing. In this work, three sp carbon-conjugated covalent organic framework (COF) reticular nanoemitters compositing of same pyrene luminophores but different acrylonitrile linkers are designed with progressive electron affinities, named as CN-COF-1, 2, and 3.

[Application Status of Machine Learning in Assisted Diagnosis Techniques of Cardiovascular Diseases].

In recent years, cardiovascular disease has become a common disease. With the development of machine learning and big data technologies, the processing ability of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals has been greatly enhanced through new computer technologies, enabling the auxiliary diagnosis technology for cardiovascular disease (CVD) to achieve new improvements. This article discusses the application of machine learning in ECG processing, especially in the auxiliary diagnosis of diseases.

Puerarin Reversing Autophagy-Lysosomal Dysfunction via Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibition in Cardiomyocytes.

Heart failure (HF) is a major cardiovascular disorder characterised by high prevalence and mortality rate. Recent studies have emphasised the role of autophagy in development and progression of HF. Dysfunctions in lysosomes and autophagic processes are closely associated with the aetiology of HF.

Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals an Aggressive Basal-Like Tumor Cell Subpopulation Associated With Poor Prognosis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background And Aim: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer whose incidence is increasing globally. However, the high tumor heterogeneity of ICC restricts the efficacy of available systematic therapies. We aim to dissect the tumor heterogeneity of ICC utilizing high-resolution single-cell RNA sequencing to identify novel therapeutic targets.

DNA hypermethylation-induced suppression of ALKBH5 is required for folic acid to alleviate hepatic lipid deposition by enhancing autophagy in an ATG12-dependent manner.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurs when too much fat builds up in the liver. As a growing worldwide epidemic, NAFLD is strongly linked with multiple metabolic diseases including obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. However, very few effective treatments are currently available.

Nanobody-based drug delivery systems for cancer therapy.

Targeted delivery can elevate the local drug concentration within tumor tissues, while minimizing drug distribution to normal tissues, thus enhancing the effectiveness of anti-tumor medications and reducing adverse effects and systemic toxicities. Nanobodies, the novel molecular pattern of antibodies characterized by their small size, high stability, strong specificity, and low immunogenicity, have been extensively applied in targeted drug delivery for tumor therapy. This review discusses structural disparities and functional advantages of nanobodies compared to other antibody fragments and full-length antibody.