Non-targeted metabolomic study in plasma in rats with post-traumatic osteoarthritis model.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the differential expression profiles of plasma metabolites in rat models of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) and elucidate the roles of metabolites and their pathways in the progression of PTOA using bioinformatics analysis.

Method: Plasma samples were collected from 24 SD female rats to model PTOA, and metabolomic assays were conducted. The samples were divided into three groups: the surgically induced mild PTOA group (Group A: 3 weeks postoperative using the modified Hulth model; age 2 months), the surgically induced severe PTOA group (Group B: 5 weeks postoperative using the modified Hulth model; age 2 months), and the normal control group (Group C: healthy rats aged 2 months).

Genetic evidence for the suppressive role of zebrafish vhl targeting mavs in antiviral innate immunity during RNA virus infection.

The von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene VHL is a classic tumor suppressor that has been identified in family members with clear cell renal cell carcinomas, central nervous system and retinal hemangioblastomas, phaeochromocytomas, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The well-defined function of VHL is to mediate proteasomal degradation of hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible factor α proteins, resulting in the downregulation of hypoxia-responsive gene expression. Previously, we reported that VHL inhibits antiviral signaling by targeting mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) for proteasomal degradation.

Enhanced packaging of U6 small nuclear RNA and splicing-related proteins into extracellular vesicles during HIV infection.

U6 small nuclear RNA (U6 snRNA), a critical spliceosome component primarily found in the nucleus, plays a vital role in RNA splicing. Our previous study, using the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) macaque model, revealed an increase of U6 snRNA in plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in acute retroviral infection. Given the limited understanding of U6 snRNA dynamics across cells and EVs, particularly in SIV infection, this research explores U6 snRNA trafficking and its association with splicing proteins in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and EVs.

Research and analysis of differential gene expression in CD34 hematopoietic stem cells in myelodysplastic syndromes.

Objective: This study aims to investigate and analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CD34 + hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) through bioinformatics analysis, with the ultimate goal of uncovering the potential molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of MDS. The findings of this study are expected to provide novel insights into clinical treatment strategies for MDS.

Methods: Initially, we downloaded three datasets, GSE81173, GSE4619, and GSE58831, from the public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database as our training sets, and selected the GSE19429 dataset as the validation set.

The impact of combined Gua Sha and myofascial release techniques on upper limb dysfunction in patients with breast cancer and axillary web syndrome: a prospective case series study.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a combined Gua Sha and myofascial release approach on upper limb dysfunction in patients with breast cancer and axillary web syndrome (AWS).

Methods: In this prospective case series study, 30 patients with breast cancer diagnosed with AWS post-surgery were recruited. Participants underwent a 12-week intervention combining Gua Sha and myofascial release techniques.

Cellular Senescence in the Regenerative Niche Hampers Skeletal Muscle Repair.

With the growing interest in skeletal muscle diseases, understanding the processes, factors, and treatments associated with muscle regeneration is crucial. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process that largely depends on the niche composed of cell populations, such as satellite cells, and their microenvironment. Cellular senescence is associated with various physiological processes and age-related diseases and plays a significant role in the muscle regeneration niche.

A Novel Coating-Extrusion Method Enabled, High Energy, Power Density, and Scalable Production in Monolithically Integrated Energy Storage Fibers.

The rise of wearable electronics demands flexible energy storage solutions like flexible fiber energy storage devices (FESDs), known for their flexibility and portability. However, it remains difficult for existing fabrication methods (typically, finite-coating, thermal-drawing, and solution-extrusion) to simultaneously achieve desirable electrochemical performances and fast production of FESDs. Here, a new scalable coating-extrusion method is developed, utilizing a novel extruded spinneret with tapered apertures to create dual pressure zones.

Negative Enthalpy Doping Stabilizes P2-Type Oxides Cathode for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

P2-type NaNiMnO (NNMO) as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) largely suffers from continuous accumulation of local stress caused by destructive structural evolution and irreversible oxygen loss upon cycling, leading to rapid capacity degradation. Herein, a strategy of negative enthalpy doping (NED), wherein transition metal (TM) sites are substituted with 0.01 mol each Sn, Sb, Cu, Ti, Mg, and Zn to increase the stability of the TM layers, is proposed.

Danshensu Derivatives: A Series of Promising Drugs With Protective Effects Against Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases and Cancers.

Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen in Chinese) is a traditional medicinal plant with an extensive range of cardiocerebrovascular protective effects widely used in China and other Asian countries. Danshensu (DSS) is the most important water-soluble component of Danshen and has significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet aggregation, antitumor, and other pharmacological activities. However, DSS has poor fat solubility and is unstable due to its o-phenol hydroxyl and α-hydroxy carboxylic acids.

The Enhancer-Promoter-Mediated Transcription During Neurite Regrowth of Injured Cortical Neurons.

Brain injuries can result from accidents, warfare, sports injuries, or brain diseases. Identifying regeneration-associated genes (RAGs) during epigenome remodeling upon brain injury could have a significant impact on reducing neuronal death and subsequent neurodegeneration for patients with brain injury. We previously identified several WNT genes as RAGs involved in the neurite regrowth of injured cortical neurons.

Close-to-Equilibrium Crystallization for Large-Scale and High-Quality Perovskite Single Crystals.

The growth of large semiconductor crystals is crucial for advancing modern electronics and optoelectronics. While various crystal growth techniques have been developed for lead halide perovskites, a significant challenge remains: as crystal size increases, performance tends to deteriorate dramatically. This study addresses the inherent limitations of perovskite crystal growth by designing a novel strategy for near-equilibrium growth system to maintain optimal conditions throughout the process.

Removal of Fluoride by Modified Adsorbents: A Review of Modification Methods and Adsorption Mechanisms.

Fluoride is ubiquitously present in the natural environment, and its excessive levels can pose serious threats to human health and industrial production. Among various fluoride pollution control methods, adsorption is recognized for its optimal cost-effectiveness and adaptability. The mechanism of fluoride adsorption and the adsorption capacities of various modified adsorbents have been comparatively analyzed:natural minerals, biomass materials, metal oxides, and several emerging types of adsorbents, among which metal-based adsorbents show the best performance.

Solvation-mediated adsorption mechanism of solvated lithium ions at a charged solid-liquid interface for electrochemical energy storage: atomic scale investigation and insights.

Ion encapsulation by solvent molecules significantly impacts ion transport and the adsorption mechanism in energy storage devices. The aim of this investigation is to analyse the adsorption mechanisms associated with the solvation shell of lithium ions near the electrode/electrolyte interface during the charging process. Simulations using molecular dynamics (MD) are conducted for LiPF salt in PC solvent confined in between two flat carbon electrodes.

Prediction of monthly occurrence number of scrub typhus in Ganzhou City, China, based on SARIMA and BPNN models.

Scrub typhus poses a serious public health risk globally. Forecasting the occurrence of the disease is essential for policymakers to develop prevention and control strategies. This study investigated the application of modelling techniques to predict the occurrence of scrub typhus and establishes an early warning system aimed at providing a foundational reference for its effective prevention and control.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly of Phyllanthus emblica L. "Yingyu".

Phyllanthus emblica L. is an edible plant with medicinal properties native to the dry-hot valley of Yunnan, China. Here, we report a de novo chromosome-scale genome of P.

Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis of the causal relationship between lipid metabolism/fatty acid metabolism and pre-eclampsia.

Objectives: A causal relationship has been found between the abundance of some flora in the gut microbiota and the development of pre-eclampsia (PE). Short-chain fatty acids in gut microbes are an important source of lipids. The causal effect of lipid metabolism/fatty acid metabolism pathways on PE exposure is unknown.

Association between FEV/FVC levels and all-cause mortality in the general population.

Background: The ratio of the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV) to the forced vital capacity (FVC) is an essential tool for the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the relationship between levels of FEV/FVC and mortality in the general population remains unclear, particularly its non-linear relationship. Therefore, we aimed to explore the association between the FEV/FVC and all-cause mortality in the general population.

The relationship between growth, anatomical structure, and quality in different parts and stages of edible bamboo shoots of Dendrocalamus latiflorus.

Background: Dendrocalamus latiflorus is widely distributed in southern China and has high ornamental and edible value. The growth dynamics and the associations between growth and the distribution of nutrients or chemical components across various parts and stages of shoot development remain inadequately understood. In this study, tender shoots of D.

Switching on and off the spin polarization of the conduction band in antiferromagnetic bilayer transistors.

Antiferromagnetic conductors with suitably broken spatial symmetries host spin-polarized bands, which lead to transport phenomena commonly observed in metallic ferromagnets. In bulk materials, it is the given crystalline structure that determines whether symmetries are broken and spin-polarized bands are present. Here we show that, in the two-dimensional limit, an electric field can control the relevant symmetries.

When to resume antitumor therapy in COVID-19-infected tumor patients: a retrospective, real-world study.

Purpose: To study the safety of resuming antitumor therapy in tumor patients infected with COVID-19.

Methods: We collected the clinical information of patients with tumors who were infected with COVID-19 and resume antitumor therapy between December 2022 and June 2023. Information about antitumor therapy, COVID-19-related symptoms, laboratory tests, antitumor therapy-related adverse events (AEs), and re-infection with COVID-19 were recorded.

Melatonin suppresses PD-L1 expression and exerts antitumor activity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Melatonin, also known as the pineal hormone, is secreted by the pineal gland and primarily regulates circadian rhythms. Additionally, it possesses immunomodulatory properties and anticancer effects. However, its specific mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear, particularly regarding its effect on HCC-mediated immune escape through PD-L1 expression.

Stability analysis of existing tunnels under dynamic loads during excavation of new tunnels.

Understanding the deformation mechanism and behaviour of adjacent tunnels subjected to dynamic train loads provides vital technical insights for engineering design. This study conducted a detailed analysis and revealed that tunnel excavation significantly affects the stability of adjacent existing tunnels under dynamic loads. First, we developed a dynamic load simulation approach and derived a calculation formula for shield-soil friction.

The structural basis for the human procollagen lysine hydroxylation and dual-glycosylation.

The proper assembly and maturation of collagens necessitate the orchestrated hydroxylation and glycosylation of multiple lysyl residues in procollagen chains. Dysfunctions in this multistep modification process can lead to severe collagen-associated diseases. To elucidate the coordination of lysyl processing activities, we determine the cryo-EM structures of the enzyme complex formed by LH3/PLOD3 and GLT25D1/ColGalT1, designated as the KOGG complex.

Major depressive disorder on a neuromorphic continuum.

The heterogeneity of major depressive disorder (MDD) has hindered clinical translation and neuromarker identification. Biotyping facilitates solving the problems of heterogeneity, by dissecting MDD patients into discrete subgroups. However, interindividual variations suggest that depression may be conceptualized as a "continuum," rather than as a "category.

Improving the fast-charging capability of NbWO-based Li-ion batteries.

The discovery of Nb-W-O materials years ago marks the milestone of charging a lithium-ion battery in minutes. Nevertheless, for many applications, charging lithium-ion battery within one minute is urgently demanded, the bottleneck of which largely lies in the lack of fundamental understanding of Li storage mechanisms in these materials. Herein, by visualizing Li intercalated into representative NbWO, we find that the fast-charging nature of such material originates from an interesting rate-dependent lattice relaxation process associated with the Jahn-Teller effect.