Analysis of under-ice ambient noise characteristics of Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic.

This paper presents an analysis of the under-ice acoustic data and environmental parameters measured over a three-month period from August 31 to November 28, 2021, within the area of the Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic. After "spikes" caused by micro-level events are removed, the distribution of the retained under-ice noise related to macro-level events can be described satisfactorily by a Gaussian distribution, as verified by Q-Q plots and kurtosis/skewness analysis. We use sliding window analysis to deal with the features of under-ice ambient noise and model the data by Gaussian interpolation.

Seasonal Risk Assessment of Water-Electricity Nexus Systems under Water Consumption Policy Constraint.

Previous studies have estimated power plant cooling water consumption based on the long-term average cooling water consumption intensity (WI: water consumption per unit of electricity generation) at an annual scale. However, the impacts of the seasonality of WI and streamflow on electricity generation are less well understood. In this study, a risk assessment method is developed to explore the seasonal risk of water-electricity nexus based on the Integrated Environmental Control Model, which can simulate variable WIs in response to daily weather conditions and avoid underestimation in WIs as well as nexus risk during dry seasons.

Multimodel uncertainty changes in simulated river flows induced by human impact parameterizations.

Human impacts increasingly affect the global hydrological cycle and indeed dominate hydrological changes in some regions. Hydrologists have sought to identify the human-impact-induced hydrological variations via parameterizing anthropogenic water uses in global hydrological models (GHMs). The consequently increased model complexity is likely to introduce additional uncertainty among GHMs.