Estimation of Distances within Real and Virtual Dental Models as a Function of Task Complexity.

Orthodontists have seen their practices evolve from estimating distances on plaster models to estimating distances on non-immersive virtual models. However, if the estimation of distance using real models can generate errors (compared to the real distance measured using tools), which remains acceptable from a clinical point of view, is this also the case for distance estimation performed on digital models? To answer this question, 50 orthodontists (31 women and 19 men) with an average age of 36 years (σ = 12.84; min = 23; max = 63) participated in an experiment consisting of estimating 3 types of distances (mandibular crowding, inter-canine distance, and inter-molar distance) on 6 dental models, including 3 real and 3 virtual models.

Post-CMV Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Anti-GM2 Antibodies: Two Cases and a Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute post-infectious inflammatory polyneuropathy of ubiquitous distribution. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the virus that is most frequently involved. All ages are affected but rare pediatric cases seem to show some distinctive features in terms of specificity and severity.

Evaluation of the Aptima™ transcription-mediated amplification assay (Hologic®) for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in clinical specimens.

Background: The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which appeared in late 2019, has been limited by isolating infected individuals. However, identifying such individuals requires accurate diagnostic tools.

Objective: This study evaluates the capacity of the Aptima™ Transcription-Mediated Amplification (TMA) assay (Hologic® Panther System) to detect the virus in clinical samples.

Two Cases of Late-Onset Anti-NMDAr Auto-Immune Encephalitis After Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Encephalitis.

Encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) was described as a potential trigger for the development of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) auto-immune encephalitis (AIE) within a few days to a few weeks after the infection. We assessed clinical, radiological, and biological diagnoses process, treatment response, and evolution. We report here cases of a 71-year-old man and a 57-year-old woman presenting anti-NMDAr AIE, respectively, 12 and 7 months after HSV-1 encephalitis.

Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Transplant Recipients with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.

Antibodies against PD1 have been used to treat progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare brain disease caused by JC virus. We used these antibodies (nivolumab) to treat PML in 3 kidney transplant recipients. All died within 8 weeks of diagnosis.

Multirecombinant Enterovirus A71 Subgenogroup C1 Isolates Associated with Neurologic Disease, France, 2016-2017.

In 2016, an upsurge of neurologic disease associated with infection with multirecombinant enterovirus A71 subgenogroup C1 lineage viruses was reported in France. These viruses emerged in the 2000s; 1 recombinant is widespread. This virus lineage has the potential to be associated with a long-term risk for severe disease among children.

Peripheral Plasma and Semen Cytokine Response to Zika Virus in Humans.

We assessed Zika virus RNA and select cytokine levels in semen, blood, and plasma samples from an infected patient in South America. Viral RNA was detected in semen >2 months after viremia clearance; cytokine profiles differed in semen and plasma. After viremia, Zika virus appears to become compartmentalized in the male reproductive tract.

Zoster after Cyclophosphamide for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or Vasculitis: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Effect of Antiviral Prophylaxis.

Objective: To assess the incidence and the risk factors for zoster in patients exposed to intravenous cyclophosphamide (CYC) for systemic vasculitis or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as well as the protective effect of prophylaxis by valacyclovir (VCV).

Methods: This retrospective study included all adults treated by intravenous CYC for SLE or systemic vasculitis between 2011 and 2015 at Toulouse University Hospital, France. Zoster occurrence was recorded using medical chart review, laboratory data, and patient interviews.

Impact of donor BK polyomavirus replication on recipient infections in living donor transplantation.

Background: Multiple risk factors for BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) replication after kidney transplantation have been described. Here, we investigated the impact of living donors' urinary BKPyV shedding and recipients' BKPyV antibody status pre-transplant on BKPyV replication during the first year post-transplantation.

Methods: We assessed a cohort of living kidney donors and their paired recipients (n = 121).

Acute transverse myelitis following an opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome: An unusual presentation.

Opso-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a very rare and severe condition. Ataxia, opsoclonus, myoclonus and/or behavioral and sleeping disturbances define that autoimmune disorder syndrome which is paraneoplastic or triggered by an infection. Here, we report a 3 year-old immunocompetent boy who developed an atypical OMS which was later complicated by an acute transverse myelitis.

[Acyclovir-resistant perineal HSV infection revealing chronic lymphoid leukaemia].

Background: Chronic HSV infection is a cause of chronic perineal ulcerations. We report a case of a chronic and refractory HSV infection revealing chronic lymphoid leukaemia.

Patients And Methods: An 85-year-old woman with an 8-month history of chronic perineal ulcerations was referred to our dermatology department.

Kinetics of anti-ZIKV antibodies after Zika infection using two commercial enzyme-linked immunoassays.

High performance assays are essential for the serological diagnosis of recent and past Zika virus (ZIKV) infections but few are presently available. We used two commercially available NS1 antigen-based enzyme-linked immunoassays to study the kinetics of anti-ZIKV IgM and IgG in 15 ZIKV-infected patients for up to 180days after clinical onset. The Diapro assay detected anti-ZIKV IgM reactivity more frequently (100%) and for longer (median 53days) than did the Euroimmun assay (60%; 13days, P<0.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome triggered by varicella infection.

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) is a well-known virus that belongs to the family which induces a self-limited disease except in specific cases in particular among stem cell transplant patients. This virus is not known however to trigger atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS). Here we report the case of a six-year-old boy who was hospitalized with fever and abdominal pains associated to pruritic and vesicular rash, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure.

Zika Virus Infection and Prolonged Viremia in Whole-Blood Specimens.

We tested whole-blood and plasma samples from immunocompetent patients who had had benign Zika virus infections and found that Zika virus RNA persisted in whole blood substantially longer than in plasma. This finding may have implications for diagnosis of acute symptomatic and asymptomatic infections and for testing of blood donations.

Prognostic impact of viral reactivations in acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation in first complete response.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) serological status of donor and recipient as well as CMV reactivation have been associated with a lower risk of relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Since immunosuppression following transplant allows resurgence of many other viruses, we retrospectively evaluated the impact of viral reactivations on relapse and survival in a cohort of 136 AML patients undergoing alloSCT in first remission from sibling (68%) or unrelated (32%) donors. Myeloablative and reduced-intensity conditioning regimen were given to 71 and 65 patients, respectively.

Analytical performance of the VERIS MDx system HCV assay for detecting and quantifying HCV RNA.

Background: The diagnosis of HCV relies on the detection of viral RNA.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of the VERIS/MDx System HCV Assay, a new automated system for quantifying HCV RNA, and to compare with the COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS Taqman™ (CAPCTM) HCV Test version 2.0.

A 3-month course of ciprofloxacin does not prevent BK virus replication in heavily immunosuppressed kidney-transplant patients.

Background: In vitro and retrospective studies of kidney-transplant patients have shown that quinolones can efficiently prevent BK virus (BKV) replication. However, in a prospective study, a 3 month-course of levofloxacin did not decrease the rate of BK viruria in kidney-transplant patients treated with standard immunosuppression.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a 3-month course of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis on BKV replication in kidney-transplant patients that had received heavy immunosuppression (plasma exchange or immunoadsorption and rituximab) to achieve desensitization before undergoing HLA- and/or ABO-incompatible (ABOi) transplantation.