Pleiotropic phenotypic effects of the TaCYP78A family on multiple yield-related traits in wheat.

Increasing crop yield depends on selecting and utilizing pleiotropic genes/alleles to improve multiple yield-related traits (YRTs) during crop breeding. However, synergistic improvement of YRTs is challenging due to the trade-offs between YRTs in breeding practices. Here, the favourable haplotypes of the TaCYP78A family are identified by analysing allelic variations in 1571 wheat accessions worldwide, demonstrating the selection and utilization of pleiotropic genes to improve yield and related traits during wheat breeding.

Ultralow-Permittivity and Temperature-Stable BaCaMgAlSiO Dielectric Ceramics for C-Band Patch Antenna Applications.

Ca-substituted BaCaMgAlSiO ceramics were prepared to explore the relationships among their crystal structural parameters, phase compositions, dielectric properties, and coefficients of thermal expansion and applications in C-band antenna. The maximum solubility of BaCaMgAlSiO was located at = 0.25, and BaCaMgAlSiO ceramics (0 ≤ ≤ 0.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote microcirculation in aged diabetic mice by TGF-β1 signaling pathway.

Background: Microvascular dysfunction is one of the most common pathological characteristics in Type 2 diabetes. Human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUCMSCs-Exo) have diverse functions in improving microcirculation; however, the molecular mechanism of hUCMSCs-Exo in regulating burn-induced inflammation is not well understood.

Methods: hUCMSCs-Exo were extracted by hypervelocity centrifugation method, and exosome morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy, exosome diameter distribution was detected by particle size analysis, and exosome specific proteins were identified by Western blot.

Nitrogen availability affects the responses of marsh grass and sedge plants (Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus planiculmis) to flooding time.

Flooding time and external nitrogen (N) input have been projected to be the main threats to marsh ecosystems in the scenario of more intense flooding events and N deposition. How flooding and N addition experienced at different growth stages interact in determining phenotypic change remains scarce. We established a controlled experiment (3 flooding time treatments x 5 N addition levels) using two herbaceous marsh species (Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus planiculmis) to assess the responses of six key traits to environmental changes and the indication of plant performance.

Synthesis and Properties of Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Liquid Crystal Copolymers with Linearly Polarized Luminescence Characteristic.

Room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) liquid crystal materials have garnered considerable attention because of their significant applications in organic light emitting diodes, polarized light emitting materials, and so forth. How to efficiently synthesize pure organic RTP liquid crystals and regulate their performance is of great significance. In this article, we propose a simple and feasible method to synthesize RTP liquid crystals and manipulate their properties through copolymerization.

Clustering-Triggered Emission Liquid Crystalline Polymer Bearing Cholesterol: Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence and Room-Temperature Phosphorescence.

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials with clustering-triggered emission (CTE) characteristic have gradually attracted attention for their unique photophysical properties. However, the majority of reported clusteroluminogens lack chirality and exhibit heterogeneity, making it challenging to achieve a well-defined helical structure necessary for efficient CPL with high dissymmetry factor (g ). In this paper, chiral liquid crystals are constructed to obtain CTE-based CPL materials with high g values.

Helophytes adapt to water and N-enrichment stresses by adjusting and coordinating stoichiometry characteristics in main organs.

Exploring the adaptation strategies of plants under stressful environments from an ecological stoichiometry perspective is a critical but underexplored research topic, and multi-organ collaborative research for multi-species can provide a comprehensive understanding. In this study, helophytes were selected as the subjects, and water depth and water N-enrichment were set as the stressors. A simulation experiment including three water depths (drought stress, control and flooding stress) and four water N-enrichment levels (control, low, medium and high N-enrichment stresses) for six helophyte species was carried out.

Human Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Diabetic Neuropathy via Wnt Signaling Pathway.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) on diabetic peripheral neuropathy and explore the role of Wnt signaling pathway.

Method: Twenty-seven male db/db mice were randomly categorized into the control group, PMSC group, and PMSC treatment with Wnt inhibitor treatment group. Intervention was initiated in week 22.

Composite Hydrogel Microspheres Encapsulating Hollow Mesoporous Imprinted Nanoparticles for Selective Capture and Separation of 2'-Deoxyadenosine.

Hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles have been widely applied as a carrier material in the molecular imprinting process because of their excellent properties, with high specific surface area and well-defined active centers. However, these kinds of materials face the inevitable problem that they have low mass transfer efficiency and cannot be conveniently recycled. In order to solve this problem, this work has developed a composite hydrogel microsphere (MMHSG) encapsulated with hollow mesoporous imprinted nanoparticles for the selective extraction of 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA).

Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived : A Comprehensive Review of Origins, Structures, and Bioactivities.

The marine is a highly complex ecosystem including various microorganisms. species is a predominant microbialflora widely distributed in marine ecosystems. This review aims to provide a systematic summary of the newly reported metabolites produced by marine-derived species over recent years covering the literature from 2014 to 2021.

Plays as a Time Regulator of Leaf Growth via Auxin Signaling.

The growth of leaves is subject to strict time regulation. Several genes influencing leaf growth have been identified, but little is known about how genes regulate the orderly initiation and growth of leaves. Here, we demonstrate that contributes to a time regulation mechanism in leaves from initiation to expansion.

Modified expression of TaCYP78A5 enhances grain weight with yield potential by accumulating auxin in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Increasing grain yield has always been the primary goal of crop breeding. KLUH/CYP78A5 has been shown to affect seed size in several plant species, but the relevant molecular mechanism is still unclear and there are no reports of this gene contributing to yield. Here, we demonstrate that modified expression of TaCYP78A5 can enhance wheat grain weight and grain yield per plant by accumulating auxin.

Crescent-shaped micromotor sorbents with sulfonic acid functionalized convex surface: The synthesis by A Janus emulsion strategy and adsorption for Li.

Self-propelled micromotor (SPM) plays a vital role in recycling of lithium (Li) from wastewater in battery industry. In this work, a crescent-shaped micromotor sorbent (CSMSs) with sulfonic group on convex surface was prepared by Janus emulsion to extract Li. Using sodium p-styrene sulfonate as a functional monomer, well-designed CSMSs was prepared by UV-induced monomer interfacial polymerization, and their pit size can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of two incompatible oils (ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate and liquid paraffin).