Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in periodontal bone repair.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys tooth-supporting structures and poses significant public health challenges due to its high prevalence and links to systemic health conditions. Traditional treatments are effective in reducing the inflammatory response and improving the clinical symptoms of periodontitis. However, these methods are challenging to achieve an ideal treatment effect in alveolar bone repair.

Advances in zirconia-based dental materials: Properties, classification, applications, and future prospects.

Objectives: Zirconia (ZrO) ceramics are widely used in dental restorations due to their superior mechanical properties, durability, and ever-improving translucency. This review aims to explore the properties, classification, applications, and recent advancements of zirconia-based dental materials, highlighting their potential to revolutionize dental restoration techniques.

Study Selection, Data And Sources: The most recent literature available in scientific databases (PubMed and Web of Science) reporting advances of zirconia-based materials within the dental field is thoroughly examined and summarized, covering the major keywords "dental zirconia, classification, aesthetic, LTD, applications, manufacturing, surface treatments".

The medicinal mushroom prevents lung tumorigenesis induced by tobacco smoke carcinogens.

(GL) commonly known as "Lingzhi", is a well-known medicinal mushroom with antioxidant and anti-cancer activity. This study examined the effects of a commercial GL product (GLSF) containing the spore and fruiting body in a 30:8 ratio on tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced lung toxicity and carcinogenesis. The potential chemopreventive effect of GLSF was evaluated and .

Oridonin employs interleukin 1 receptor type 2 to treat noise-induced hearing loss by blocking inner ear inflammation.

NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes trigger the inflammatory cascades and participate in various inflammatory diseases, including noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) caused by oxidative stress. Recently, the anti-inflammatory traditional medicine oridonin (Ori) has been reported to provide hearing protection in mice after noise exposure by blocking the NLRP3-never in mitosis gene A-related kinase 7 (NEK7)-inflammasome complex assembly. Using RNA sequencing analysis, we further elucidated that interleukin 1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) may be another crucial factor regulated by Ori to protect NIHL.

The β-Blocker Carvedilol Prevents Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Lung Toxicity, Inflammation and Carcinogenesis.

The current study evaluated the effects of the β-blocker carvedilol on benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and its active metabolite benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE)-induced lung toxicity, inflammation and carcinogenesis and explored the potential mechanisms. Carvedilol blocked the BPDE-induced malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B. In BEAS-2B cells, B(a)P strongly activated ELK-1, a transcription factor regulating serum response element (SRE) signaling, which was attenuated by carvedilol.

Co-activation of Caspase-1 and Caspase-8 in CMV-induced SGN death by inflammasome-associated pyroptosis and apoptosis.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection causes newborn deafness, and the death of the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) is crucial in determining the degree of CMV-related hearing loss. Therefore, understanding the psychopathology of CMV-related SGN loss is important for identifying targets and exploring treatment strategies. In this study, we found that pyroptosis and apoptosis, two inflammasome-related programmed cell death pathways, are involved in CMV-induced SGN death and are mainly regulated by activated caspase-1 and caspase-8.

LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), a novel target for opening the blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB).

Inner ear disorders are a cluster of diseases that cause hearing loss in more than 1.5 billion people worldwide. However, the presence of the blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) on the surface of the inner ear capillaries greatly hinders the effectiveness of systemic drugs for prevention and intervention due to the low permeability, which restricts the entry of most drug compounds from the bloodstream into the inner ear tissue.

Topical carvedilol delivery prevents UV-induced skin cancer with negligible systemic absorption.

The β-blocker carvedilol prevents ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin cancer, but systemic drug administration may cause unwanted cadiovascular effects. To overcome this limitation, a topical delivery system based on transfersome (T-CAR) was characterized ex vivo and in vivo. T-CAR was visualized by Transmission Electron Microscopy as nanoparticles of spherical and unilamellar structure.

Prevention of Skin Carcinogenesis by the Non-β-blocking R-carvedilol Enantiomer.

Skin cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide and is rapidly rising in incidence, representing a significant public health challenge. The β-blocker, carvedilol, has shown promising effects in preventing skin cancer. However, as a potent β-blocker, repurposing carvedilol to an anticancer agent is limited by cardiovascular effects.

Topical Delivery of Carvedilol Loaded Nano-Transfersomes for Skin Cancer Chemoprevention.

The β-blocker carvedilol has been shown to prevent skin carcinogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Since systemic absorption of the β-blocker may cause cardiovascular disturbance, we developed a carvedilol loaded transfersome for skin-targeted delivery. Transfersomes were prepared using phospholipids and surfactants at various ratios and characterized.

The β-Blocker Carvedilol Prevented Ultraviolet-Mediated Damage of Murine Epidermal Cells and 3D Human Reconstructed Skin.

The β-blocker carvedilol prevents ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin cancer, but the mechanism is unknown. Since carvedilol possesses antioxidant activity, this study investigated whether carvedilol prevents oxidative photodamage of skin, a precursor event in skin carcinogenesis. The effects of carvedilol, metoprolol (a β-blocker without antioxidant property), and 4-hydroxycarbazole (4-OHC, a carvedilol synthesis intermediate and a free radical scavenger) were compared on UV- or HO-induced cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in murine epidermal JB6 P+ cells.