A predictive model for longitudinal cognitive subtypes in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Longitudinal cognitive changes in Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit considerable heterogeneity.Predicting cognitive trajectories in early PD patients can improve prognostic counseling and guide clinical trials.

Methods: This study included 337 early PD patients with 6-year follow-up in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database.

Preparation and Performance Study of Novel Foam Vegetation Concrete.

Vegetation concrete is one of the most widely used substrates in ecological slope protection, but its practical application often limits the growth and nutrient uptake of plant roots due to consolidation problems, which affects the effectiveness of slope protection. This paper proposed the use of a plant protein foaming agent as a porous modifier to create a porous, lightweight treatment for vegetation concrete. Physical performance tests, direct shear tests, plant growth tests, and scanning electron microscopy experiments were conducted to compare and analyze the physical, mechanical, microscopic characteristics, and phyto-capabilities of differently treated vegetation concrete.

Enhancing Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis With Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Radiomics: Insights From Intratumoral and Peritumoral Analysis.

Introduction: To develop and validate contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) radiomics model for the accurate diagnosis of breast cancer by integrating intratumoral and peritumoral regions.

Materials And Methods: This study enrolled 333 patients with breast lesions from Shenzhen people's hospital between March 2022 and March 2024. Radiomics features were extracted from both intratumoral and peritumoral (3 mm) regions on CEUS images.

Energy-Efficient Integrated Electro-Optic Memristors.

Neuromorphic photonic processors are redefining the boundaries of classical computing by enabling high-speed multidimensional information processing within the memory. Memristors, the backbone of neuromorphic processors, retain their state after programming without static power consumption. Among them, electro-optic memristors are of great interest, as they enable dual electrical-optical functionality that bridges the efficiency of electronics and the bandwidth of photonics.

Photoacoustic-Based Intra- and Peritumoral Radiomics Nomogram for the Preoperative Prediction of Expression of Ki-67 in Breast Malignancy.

Rationale And Objectives: This study investigated the preoperative predictive efficiency of radiomics derived from photoacoustic (PA) imaging, integrated with the clinical features of Ki-67 expression in malignant breast cancer (BC), with a focus on both intratumoral and peritumoral regions.

Methods: This study involved 359 patients, divided into a training set (n = 251) and a testing set (n = 108). Radiomic features were extracted from intratumoral and peritumoral regions using PA imaging.

Enhancing Axillary Lymph Node Diagnosis in Breast Cancer with a Novel Photoacoustic Imaging-Based Radiomics Nomogram: A Comparative Study of Peritumoral Regions.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aims to assess the predictive ability of photoacoustic (PA) imaging-based radiomics combined with clinical characteristics for axillary lymph node (ALN) status in early-stage breast cancer patients and to compare performance in different peritumoral regions.

Methods: This study involved 369 patients from Shenzhen People's Hospital, divided into a training set of 295 and a testing set of 74. PA imaging data were collected from all participants, and radiomics analysis was performed on intratumoral and various peritumoral regions.

Ultrasound Radiomics for the Prediction of Breast Cancers with HER2-Zero, -Low, and -Positive Status: A Dual-Center Study.

Purpose: To assess whether gray-scale ultrasound (US) based radiomic features can help distinguish HER2 expressions (ie, HER2-overexpressing, HER2-low-expressing, and HER2-zero-expressing) in breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study encompassed female breast cancer patients who underwent US examinations at two distinct centers from February 2021 to July 2023. Tumor segmentation and radiomic feature extraction were performed on grayscale US images.

A prediction model for the walking and balance milestone in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Walking and balance impairments, represented by freezing of gait and falls, are significant contributors to disability in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, the composite measure of the Walking and Balance Milestone (WBMS) has not been thoroughly investigated.

Methods: This study included 606 early-stage PD patients from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database, with a disease duration of less than 2 years and no WBMS at baseline.

Effective extraction of Xuetongsu and its role in preventing RA synovial hyperplasia by targeting synovial cell migration and apoptosis.

Kadsura heteroclita (Roxb) Craib also named Xuetong in Tujia ethnomedicine in China, has been traditionally employed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Our preceding investigations have elucidated that Xuetongsu (XTS), a triterpenoid compound predominant in Xuetong, showed excellent anti-RA-fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RAFLS) proliferation effect. However, XTS belongs to the trace components of the Xuetong plant, which poses certain limitations to the research.

Deep learning combined with attention mechanisms to assist radiologists in enhancing breast cancer diagnosis: a study on photoacoustic imaging.

Accurate prediction of breast cancer (BC) is essential for effective treatment planning and improving patient outcomes. This study proposes a novel deep learning (DL) approach using photoacoustic (PA) imaging to enhance BC prediction accuracy. We enrolled 334 patients with breast lesions from Shenzhen People's Hospital between January 2022 and January 2024.

Nine new nor-3,4-seco-dammarane triterpenoids from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus and their hypoglycemic activity.

This manuscript describes the isolation of nine new nor-3,4-seco-dammarane triterpenoids, norqingqianliusus A-I (1-9) and one known nortriterpenoid (10) from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves. Norqingqianliusus A and B (1 and 2) possess a unique 3,4-seco-dammarane-type C tetranortriterpenoid skeleton. The compounds were structurally characterized through modern spectroscopic techniques.

Disease progression subtypes of Parkinson's disease based on milestone events.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) demonstrates considerable heterogeneity in the manifestation of clinical symptoms and disease progression. Recently, six clinical milestones have been proposed to evaluate disease severity in PD. However, the identification of PD progression subtypes based on these milestone events has not yet been performed.

LncRNAs in the Domain Are Essential for Mid-Embryonic Heart Development.

The domain is important for normal embryonic growth and development. The heart is the earliest developing and functioning organ of the embryo. In this study, we constructed a transcriptional termination model by inserting termination sequences and clarified that the lack of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression in the domain caused the death of maternal insertion mutant (MKI) and homozygous mutant (HOMO) mice starting from E13.

DKK1-SE recruits AP1 to activate the target gene DKK1 thereby promoting pancreatic cancer progression.

Super-enhancers are a class of DNA cis-regulatory elements that can regulate cell identity, cell fate, stem cell pluripotency, and even tumorigenesis. Increasing evidence shows that epigenetic modifications play an important role in the pathogenesis of various types of cancer. However, the current research is far from enough to reveal the complex mechanism behind it.

Partial coherence enhances parallelized photonic computing.

Advancements in optical coherence control have unlocked many cutting-edge applications, including long-haul communication, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and optical coherence tomography. Prevailing wisdom suggests that using more coherent light sources leads to enhanced system performance and device functionalities. Our study introduces a photonic convolutional processing system that takes advantage of partially coherent light to boost computing parallelism without substantially sacrificing accuracy, potentially enabling larger-size photonic tensor cores.

Systematic study of microzooplankton in mass culture of the green microalga Scenedesmus acuminatus and quantitative assessment of its impact on biomass productivity throughout a year.

The green microalgae Scenedesmus spp. can grow rapidly and produce significant amounts of protein or lipid. However, frequent microzooplankton contamination leading to reduced biomass productivity has hindered the microalgae commercialization.

Functional genetic variants of GEN1 predict overall survival of Chinese epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

Background: Inherited variations in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway are known to influence ovarian cancer occurrence, progression and treatment response. Despite its significance, survival-associated genetic variants within the DSB pathway remain underexplored.

Methods: In the present study, we performed a two-phase analysis of 19,290 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 199 genes in the DSB repair pathway from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset and explored their associations with overall survival (OS) in 1039 Han Chinese epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) patients.

Potentially functional genetic variants in interferon regulatory factor family genes are associated with colorectal cancer survival.

Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family genes play a critical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and impact patient survival. This study evaluated the influence of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IRF genes on CRC survival, including functional predictions and experimental validations. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified three linked SNPs as significant survival predictors, with the rs141112353 T/T genotype in the 3'UTR region of IRF6 significantly associated with decreased survival (HR = 1.

Rapid discovery of a novel "green" and natural GST inhibitor for sensitizing hepatocellular carcinoma to Cisplatin by visual screening strategy.

Over-expression of glutathione S-transferase (GST) can promote Cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Hence, inhibiting GST is an attractive strategy to improve Cisplatin sensitivity in HCC therapy. Although several synthesized GST inhibitors have been developed, the side effects and narrow spectrum for anticancer seriously limit their clinical application.

Nitrate Signaling and Its Role in Regulating Flowering Time in .

Plant growth is coordinated with the availability of nutrients that ensure its development. Nitrate is a major source of nitrogen (N), an essential macronutrient for plant growth. It also acts as a signaling molecule to modulate gene expression, metabolism, and a variety of physiological processes.

Deoxynivalenol Inhibits Progenitor Leydig Cell Development by Stimulating Mitochondrial Fission in Rats.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common food contaminant that can impair male reproductive function. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of DON exposure on progenitor Leydig cell (PLC) development in prepubertal male rats. Rats were orally administrated DON (0-4 mg/kg) from postnatal days 21-28.