Disrupted mitochondrial morphology and function exacerbate inflammation in elderly-onset ulcerative colitis.

Background: The characteristics of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the elderly are quite different from the young population. Mitochondrial injury is a key mechanism regulating both aging and inflammation. This study aims to reveal the role of mitochondrial damage in the pathogenesis of adult- and elderly-onset UC.

Decoding Complexity: The Role of Long-Read Sequencing in Unraveling Genetic Disease Etiologies.

In recent years, next-generation high-throughput sequencing technology has been widely used in clinical practice for the identification and diagnosis of Mendelian diseases as an auxiliary detection method. Nevertheless, due to the limitations in read length and poor coverage of complex genomic regions, the etiology of many genetic diseases is unclear. Long-read sequencing (LRS) addresses these limitations of next-generation sequencing.

Large stroke radially oriented MXene composite fiber tensile artificial muscles.

Actuation is normally dramatically enhanced by introducing so much yarn fiber twist that the fiber becomes fully coiled. In contrast, we found that usefully high muscle strokes and contractile work capacities can be obtained for non-twisted MXene (TiCT) fibers comprising MXene nanosheets that are stacked in the fiber direction. The MXene fiber artificial muscles are called MFAMs.

Integrated HPLC, pharmacodynamics, and immunoprofiling to explore active components and mechanism of Zhi Bai Heye Fang on glycolipid metabolic disorders in mice.

Zhi Bai Heye Fang (AR-PCC-NF) exerts a positive effect on glycolipid metabolic disorders in the clinical setting; however, its efficacy components and mechanisms of action remain unclear. Glycolipid metabolic disorders in mice were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of AR-PCC-NF and its individual components, and the chemical components of AR-PCC-NF were detected by HPLC. An insulin-resistant cell model was then treated with 12 biological components in vitro, and seven candidate active components were administered to mice with glycolipid metabolic disorders to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of AR-PCC-NF.

Bicontinuous Block Copolymer Microparticles through Hydrogen-Bonding-Mediated Dual Phase Separation between Polymer Segments and Fluorinated Additives.

Bicontinuous microparticles have advanced transport, mechanical, and electrochemical properties and show promising applications in energy storage, catalysis, and other fields. However, it remains a great challenge to fabricate bicontinuous microparticles of block copolymers (BCPs) by controlling the microphase separation due to the extremely narrow region of a bicontinuous structure in the phase diagram. Here, we demonstrate a strategy to balance the phase separation of BCPs and fluorinated additives at different length scales in emulsion droplets, providing a large window to access bicontinuous microparticles.

Enhancing soil quality in soybean cultivation: Mycorrhizal technology combined with intercropping under high cadmium stress.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination presents a serious challenges for sustainable agriculture. This study evaluated the combined impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation and intercropping with Solanum nigrum on soil microbial diversity, enzyme activity, and environmental factors in soybean cultivation under high Cd stress. The combined treatment effectively reduced bioavailable Cd in soil, with the acid-soluble Cd fraction at 19.

Liquid/Liquid Interfacial Assembly of Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Grafted Nanoparticles into Superlattice Monolayers and Their Application as Floating Gates for High Performance Memory.

Polymer/gold nanoparticle (AuNP) composites have been utilized as floating gates to enhance the performance of memory devices. However, these devices typically exhibit a low ON/OFF drain current ratio (/) and unstable charge trapping, attributed to the poorly defined arrangement of AuNPs within the composite floating gate. To address these limitations, this study employs poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted AuNPs (Au@PMMA) as building blocks for the fabrication of monolayered superlattice films with a highly ordered structure via liquid/liquid interfacial assembly.

Gene and Its Promoter Cloning, and Functional Validation of Revealed Its Role in Promoting Early Flowering and the Interaction with the JmSVP Protein.

, a notable woody oil tree species, possesses both fruit and timber value. However, the complete heterodichogamous flowering mechanism in this species remains elusive. is a crucial regulator of flower bud development in .

Chinese Herbal Medicine for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Perspective of Local Immune Actions.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the functional gastrointestinal disorder, characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The interest in intestinal immune activation as a potential disease mechanism for IBS has increased exponentially in recent years. This study was designed to summarize the Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) that potentially exert protective effects against IBS through inhibition of intestinal immune activation.

In vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study and cutoff of florfenicol against Riemerella anatipestifer in ducks.

Riemerella anatipestifer causes serious infections, characterized by septicemia and serositis, in ducks and geese. R. anatipestifer is mainly controlled through antimicrobial chemotherapy.

A case report of severe pneumonia caused by infection complicated with severe atrial septal defect.

is an increasingly recognized human pathogen in recent years and was first isolated and reported in a sample of childhood diarrhea in Bangladesh. More and more cases of infection have been reported in recent years. Here we report a case of severe pneumonia caused by with severe atrial septal defect.

Integrating widely targeted and oxylipin-targeted lipidomics unravels lipid characteristic evolution and oxidation markers in walnuts during deterioration.

The susceptibility of walnut lipids to deterioration constitutes challenges for industry development, and the oxylipins formed during this process remain to be explored. This study employed lipidomics to reveal the dynamic evolution of lipid characteristics and identify oxidation markers from oxylipins in walnuts during accelerated storage. Glycerophospholipid (GP) content continuously declined in the initial and severe deterioration stages.

Advancements in endohedral metallofullerenes: novel metal-cage interactions driving new phenomena and emerging applications.

Since the discovery of La@C, a wide array of endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) have been synthesized and documented. Various metals, including lanthanides, transition metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and actinides, have been successfully incorporated into the inert fullerene cavities. The interaction between these encapsulated metal species and the fullerene cage isomers plays a crucial role in determining distinct molecular structures and imparting versatile chemical behaviors to these compounds.

When Push Comes to Shove: Unravelling the Developmental and Longitudinal Dynamic Relationship between Bullying and Empathy in Chinese School Children.

While bullying has significant long-term impacts on mental health, the developmental relationship between empathy and bullying behaviors remains unclear. Specifically, it is uncertain whether bullying perpetration and victimization predict changes in empathy over time or if empathy influences these behaviors. This study addresses this gap by examining the longitudinal dynamic relationship between empathy, bullying perpetration, and victimization.

Hyaluronic Acid-Nanocoated Bacteria Generate an Anti-Inflammatory Tissue-Repair Effect in Impaired Gut and Extraintestinal Organs.

Diverse extraintestinal diseases are characterized by localized inflammatory responses and tissue damage, accompanied with intestinal inflammation and injury. Here, a dual-functionality and dual-location intervention strategy is reported, which is the use of hyaluronic acid-nanocoated Clostridium butyricum to generate an anti-inflammatory tissue-repair effect in the impaired gut and extraintestinal organs. Nanocoated bacteria attenuate intestinal mucosal inflammation and recover gut barrier integrity by leveraging the immunosuppressive nature of hyaluronic acid and the butyrate-producing ability of Clostridium butyricum.

Tumor-infiltrating B cell-related lncRNA crosstalk reveals clinical outcomes and tumor immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer based on single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing.

Background: The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a pivotal role in determining ovarian cancer (OC) prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of immune response and tumor progression in OC. Among these, tumor-infiltrating B cells represent an emerging target in immune response pathways.

Discovery of a Noncovalent Cell-Penetrating Bicyclic Peptide Inhibitor Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease.

Macrocyclic peptides have garnered significant attention as promising drug candidates. However, they typically face challenges in achieving and enhancing cell permeability for access to intracellular targets. In this study, we focused on the screening of macrocyclic peptide inhibitors against the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 and identified novel noncovalently bound macrocyclic peptides that effectively inhibit proteolytic activity.

Photocatalytic rice bran protein/carboxymethyl cellulose/ZrO fiber produced by microfluidics: Formation mechanism, bacteriostasis and strawberry preservation.

Developing cost-effective and environmentally sustainable active packaging materials remains an important challenge. We have developed rice bran protein (RBP)-based fibers incorporating carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and ZrO nanoparticles (ZrO NPs, 0 %-7 %, m/m) using microfluidic spinning. The integration of RBP, CMC, and ZrO NPs formed a robust hydrogen bond network that enhanced the fibers' thermal stability and crystallinity, reduced surface hydrophobicity, and aligned the molecular orientation.

Distribution-Independent Domain Generalization for Multisource Remote Sensing Classification.

The availability of multisource remote sensing data provides the possibility for comprehensive observation. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) naturally integrate multisource feature extractors and classifiers into an end-to-end multilayer design. However, CNN assumes data are independent and identically distributed.

SegHSI: Semantic Segmentation of Hyperspectral Images with Limited Labeled Pixels.

Hyperspectral images (HSIs), with hundreds of narrow spectral bands, are increasingly used for ground object classification in remote sensing. However, many HSI classification models operate pixel-by-pixel, limiting the utilization of spatial information and resulting in increased inference time for the whole image. This paper proposes SegHSI, an effective and efficient end-to-end HSI segmentation model, alongside a novel training strategy.

Levels of Asymmetric Dimethylar Ginine and Risk of Neurovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Scope: The purpose of this study was to provide clear evidence that reliably quantifies the association of Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels with the risk of neurovascular diseases.

Methods And Results: The Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched to identify eligible studies published until August 2024. A total of 31 eligible studies were identified.