Alteration of plant immunity in the interaction of roots with the endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris in response to external nitrogen conditions.

The complex environments of plants force them to prioritize their immune responses to stimuli occurring simultaneously, including colonization by microbes or nutrient availability. Little is known about how the interplay between endophytes and nutrient status affects the immune responses of both plants and fungi. We primarily monitored immune responses in rice following inoculation with the endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris under different nitrogen (N) conditions.

Preinoculation with Endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris reduced rice bakanae disease caused by Fusarium proliferatum via enhanced plant resistance.

Aims: This study evaluated the control effect of the endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris B3 against rice bakanae disease (RBD) caused by Fusarium proliferatum and the disease control result of different inoculation times of beneficial micro-organisms.

Methods And Results: Rice seedlings preinoculated, coinoculated and noninoculated with B3 were exposed to F. proliferatum stress and grown under controlled conditions.

Root endophyte differentially regulates plant response to NO and NH nutrition by modulating N fluxes at the plant-fungal interface.

In the soil, plant roots associated with fungi often encounter uneven distribution of nitrate (NO )/ammonium (NH ) patches, but the mechanism underlying N form-influenced plant-fungal interactions remains limited. We inoculated Arabidopsis with a root endophyte Phomopsis liquidambaris, and evaluated the effects of P. liquidambaris on plant performance under NO or NH nutrition.

Soil legacy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Gigaspora margarita: The potassium-sequestering glomalin improves peanut (Arachis hypogaea) drought resistance and pod yield.

In agroecosystems, drought stress severely threatens crops development. Although potassium (K) is required in amounts by crops under drought stress, the mobilization and availablity of K are limited by the soil water status. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can form mutualistic associations with most crops and play direct or indirect roles in the host drought resistance.

Effects of multi-phase inoculation on the fungal community related with the improvement of medicinal herbal residues composting.

Composting has become the most important way to recycle medicinal herbal residues (MHRs). The traditional composting method, adding a microbial agent at one time, has been greatly limited due to its low composting efficiency, mutual influence of microbial agents, and unstable compost products. This study was conducted to assess the effect of multi-phase inoculation on the lignocellulose degradation, enzyme activities, and fungal community during MHRs composting.

Endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris B3 induces rice resistance to RSRD caused by Fusarium proliferatum and promotes plant growth.

Background: Rice spikelet rot disease (RSRD) is an emerging disease that significantly reduces rice yield and quality. In this study, we evaluated the potential use of the broad-spectrum endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris B3 as a biocontrol agent against RSRD. We also compared the control effects of different treatments, including chemical fungicides and treatment with multiple strains and single strains in combination or individually, against RSRD.

Expression of the Campylobacter jejuni FliD protein and its reaction to chicken sera.

Campylobacter is a leading causative pathogen of acute bacterial gastroenteritis among humans. Contaminated chicken products are regarded as major sources of human infection. The flagellar capping protein (FliD), which plays important roles in colonization and adhesion to the mucosal surface of chicken ceca, is conserved among Campylobacter jejuni strains.

Nitrogen fertilizer-regulated plant-fungi interaction is related to root invertase-induced hexose generation.

The mechanisms underlying nitrogen (N)-regulated plant-fungi interactions are not well understood. N application modulates plant carbohydrate (C) sinks and is involved in the overall plant-fungal association. We hypothesized that N regulates plant-fungi interactions by influencing the carbohydrate metabolism.

Mycelial network-mediated rhizobial dispersal enhances legume nodulation.

The access of rhizobia to legume host is a prerequisite for nodulation. Rhizobia are poorly motile in soil, while filamentous fungi are known to grow extensively across soil pores. Since root exudates-driven bacterial chemotaxis cannot explain rhizobial long-distance dispersal, mycelia could constitute ideal dispersal networks to help rhizobial enrichment in the legume rhizosphere from bulk soil.

Fibrinogen and Albumin Score Changes during Preoperative Treatment Can Predict Prognosis in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Background: Fibrinogen (Fib) and albumin (Alb) levels are indicators of systemic inflammatory responses. Elevated Fib and decreased Alb levels are considered negative prognostic factors in different types of cancer. Here, we explored the prognostic value of changes in pre- and post- neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) plasma fibrinogen and serum albumin (FA) scores in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Flowering-mediated root-fungus symbiosis loss is related to jasmonate-dependent root soluble sugar deprivation.

The role of flowering in root-fungal symbiosis is not well understood. Because flowering and fungal symbionts are supported by carbohydrates, we hypothesized that flowering modulates root-beneficial fungal associations through alterations in carbohydrate metabolism and transport. We monitored fungal colonization and soluble sugars in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana following inoculation with a mutualistic fungus Phomopsis liquidambari across different plant developmental stages.

Comparative Transcriptomics and Proteomics of in Response to Endophytic Fungus sp. AL12 Reveals Regulation in Plant Metabolism.

The fungal endophyte sp. AL12 can establish a beneficial association with the medicinal herb , and improve plant growth and sesquiterpenoids accumulation, which is termed "double promotion." Our previous studies have uncovered the underling primary mechanism based on some physiological evidences.

Enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus activation with an optimized bacterial community by endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambari in paddy soil.

The endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambari play a key role in habitat adaptation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) with potential multiple beneficial. However, our previous published work on this subject remains incomplete.

The genetic diversity of chicken breeds from Jiangxi, assessed with BCDO2 and the complete mitochondrial DNA D-loop region.

The Jiangxi Province of China has numerous native domestic chicken breeds, including some black skin breeds. The genetic diversity of Jiangxi native chickens is largely unknown, and specifically, the genetic contribution of the grey junglefowl to black skin chickens is not well understood. To address these questions, the complete D-loop region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and beta-carotene dioxygenase 2(BCDO2)gene was sequenced in a total of 209 chickens representing seven Jiangxi native breeds.

[Potent immune responses elicited by a bicistronic IBV DNA vaccine expressing S1 and IL-2 gene].

Abstract: Candidate IBV vaccines should elicit cellular responses as well as humoral responses. SI gene of avian infectious bronchitis virus and interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene from chicken were inserted into the bicistronic pIRES-EGFP/ DsRed plasmid. The pIRES-S1, pIRES-IL2 and pIRES-S1/IL-2 plasmid expressing or co-expressing S1 and IL-2 gene were constructed.