Altered Brain Structural Reorganization and Hierarchical Integrated Processing in Obesity.

The brain receives sensory information about food, evaluates its desirability and value, and responds with approach or withdrawal. The evaluation process of food in the brain with obesity may involve a variety of neurocircuit abnormalities in the integration of internal and external information processing. There is a lack of consistency of the results extant reported for aberrant changes in the brain with obesity that prohibits key brain alterations to be identified.

Application of U-Net with Global Convolution Network Module in Computer-Aided Tongue Diagnosis.

The rapid development of intelligent manufacturing provides strong support for the intelligent medical service ecosystem. Researchers are committed to building Wise Information Technology of 120 (WIT 120) for residents and medical personnel with the concept of simple smart medical care and through core technologies such as Internet of Things, Big Data Analytics, Artificial Intelligence, and microservice framework, to improve patient safety, medical quality, clinical efficiency, and operational benefits. Among them, how to use computers and deep learning technology to assist in the diagnosis of tongue images and realize intelligent tongue diagnosis has become a major trend.

Current indications for endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric cancer.

The development of endoscopic treatment technology has further promoted the minimally invasive treatment of early gastric cancer (EGC). Endoscopic treatment has achieved better therapeutic effects in terms of safety and prognosis and is the preferred treatment method for patients who meet the indications for endoscopic treatment. However, the consequent problem is that some patients receiving endoscopic treatment may undergo non-curative resection, and the principle of follow-up management for non-curative resection patients deserves further attention.

Sesquiterpene Lactone Deoxyelephantopin Isolated from and Its Derivative DETD-35 Suppress BRAF Mutant Melanoma Lung Metastasis in Mice.

Melanoma is a highly metastatic disease with an increasing rate of incidence worldwide. It is treatment refractory and has poor clinical prognosis; therefore, the development of new therapeutic agents for metastatic melanoma are urgently required. In this study, we created a lung-seeking A375LM5 BRAF mutant melanoma cell clone and investigated the bioefficacy of a plant sesquiterpene lactone deoxyelephantopin (DET) and its novel semi-synthetic derivative, DETD-35, in suppressing metastatic A375LM5 melanoma growth in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model.

Hierarchical integrated processing of reward-related regions in obese males: A graph-theoretical-based study.

Abnormal activities in reward-related regions are associated with overeating or obesity. Preliminary studies have shown that changes in neural activity in obesity include not only regional reward regions abnormalities but also impairments in the communication between reward-related regions and multiple functional areas. A recent study has shown that the transitions between different neural networks are nonrandom and hierarchical, and that activation of particular brain networks is more likely to occur after other brain networks.

Retracted: Allopregnanolone restores the tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons and motor performance in a 6-OHDA-injected mouse model.

Aims: It has been reported that allopregnanolone (APα) promotes the neurogenesis of the neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and prevents the decrease of dopaminergic neurons in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated mice by binding to γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAAR) and then opening voltage-gated L-type Ca channel, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to explore the possible involvement of GABAAR and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta 3 (CaMKIIδ3) in this process.

Methods: 6-OHDA-treated mice and primary cultured midbrain cells were administrated with APα and GABAAR antagonist bicuculline (Bic), and the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs, the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons and their fibers, the expression levels of CaMKIIδ3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and motor functions were measured using ELISA, immunohistochemical staining, real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, and behavioral test.

Abnormal Regional Neural Activity and Reorganized Neural Network in Obesity: Evidence from Resting-State fMRI.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate regional neural activity and regulation of patterns in the reorganized neural network of obesity and explore the correlation between brain activities and eating behavior.

Methods: A total of 23 individuals with obesity and 23 controls with normal weight were enrolled. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired using 3.

Heat shock protein 20 from Procambarus clarkii is involved in the innate immune responses against microbial infection.

Small heat shock proteins (shsps) are conserved across invertebrate species. They are implicated in the modulation of various biological processes, such as immune responses, abiotic stress tolerance metamorphosis, and embryonic development. Herein, we identified a heat shock protein 20 from the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (named as Pc-Hsp20), and performed in vivo studies to elucidate its physiological functions in the innate immunity.

Role of abdominal drainage in bariatric surgery: Report of six cases.

Background: Abdominal drainage allows for timely detection of hemorrhage, but it cannot prevent hemorrhage. Whether routine abdominal drainage is needed during bariatric procedures remains controversial. Few reports describe the role of abdominal drainage in the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal hemorrhage in bariatric surgery.

Integration of Neural Reward Processing and Appetite-Related Signaling in Obese Females: Evidence From Resting-State fMRI.

Background: The reward-related regions have been considered a crucial component in the regulation of eating behavior. Furthermore, appetite-related regions associated with reward can influence eating behaviors through altered functional activity related to food in brain areas associated with emotion, memory, sensory processing, motor function, and cognitive control.

Purpose: To investigate the key nodes in obese females of reward-related regions and, based on key nodes, to evaluate the directionality of functional connectivity between key nodes and appetite-related regions.

Effect of compatible herbs on the pharmacokinetics of effective components of Panax notoginseng in Fufang Xueshuantong Capsule.

Fufang Xueshuantong (FXT) is a well-known Chinese herbal formula which has been used to treat cardiovascular and ophthalmic diseases, especially diabetic retinopathy. Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.

The expression of bitter taste receptors in mesenteric, cerebral and omental arteries.

Aim: Bitter taste is sensed by the bitter taste receptor (TAS2R), which is mainly expressed in the tongue as well as in extra-oral organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, brain, heart and testis. This study aimed to investigate whether TAS2R is expressed in the mesenteric, cerebral and omental arteries.

Main Methods: The expression levels of TAS2R mRNA and protein were determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively.

New alkaloids from Aconitum taipaicum and their cytotoxic activities.

Three new aconitine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloids, taipeinines A-C (1-3), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum taipaicum. The chemical structures of these three compounds were established as (1α,6α,8α,14α,16α)-20-ethyl-8,14-dihydroxy-1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-aconitane (1), (1α,6α,8α,14α,16β)-20-ethyl-8,14-dihydroxy-1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-aconitane (2) and (1α,6α,8α,14α,16α)-20-ethyl-1,8,14-trihydroxy-6,16-dimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-aconitane (3), respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, mainly MS, 1D and 2D NMR. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds were also assayed, and the results were quite impressive.

[Study of serum Hcy and polymorphisms of Hcy metabolic enzymes in 192 families affected by congenital heart disease].

Objective: To explore genotype distributions at MTHFR C677T, MS A2756G, MTHFD G1958A and CBS 844 ins68bp loci in healthy Chinese living in northern area, and to assess the association of single or combined gene mutations with folic acid, Vit.B(12), Hcy levels and CHD.

Methods: 192 patients having CHD and their biological parents in Liaoning province registered as birth defects were included in this study as case group, and 124 healthy subjects (age and gender matched) and their biological parents were simultaneously selected from the same geographic area as control.