Effect of Mechanical Ventilation Mode Type on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: It is unknown whether there is a difference in pulmonary outcome in different intraoperative ventilation modes for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The aim of this trial was to determine whether patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB could benefit from intraoperative optimal ventilation mode.

Design: This was a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Comparison of S-ketamine and midazolam for intravenous preoperative sedative and anxiolytic effects in preschool children: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Preoperative anxiety management is gaining particular attention in paediatric anaesthesia. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological resorts can be implemented to address this special issue. Despite the various approaches currently used for preoperative sedation in children, the different sedative and anti-anxiety effects between the newly marketed anaesthetic, S-ketamine, and the traditional sedative, midazolam, are still unclear.

A comparative study of the ameliorative effects of hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides and hyaluronic acid on DSS-induced colitis in mice and research on relevant mechanisms.

As a dietary supplement, hyaluronic acid (HA) has exhibited appreciable immunomodulatory activity and an ameliorative effect on rodent colitis. However, its high viscosity is not only refractory to absorb through the gut, but also causes flatulence. In contrast to HA, hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides (o-HAs) can overcome the above-mentioned constraints, but their treatment effect still remains ill-defined contemporarily.

Rupture of a previously undiagnosed intracranial aneurysm during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: A case report.

Endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (EE-DCR) is an effective treatment for dacryocystitis. Aneurysmal rupture is generally not considered a complication of EE-DCR under general anesthesia. Here, we present a patient with intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to the rupture of an undiagnosed intracranial aneurysm during EE-DCR.

Acute air embolism caused by autotransfusion during percutaneous atrial septal defect closure: A case report.

Atrial septal defect is a common congenital heart disease in adults and it is often asymptomatic. Percutaneous device closure is gaining popularity, but percutaneous repair of atrial septal defect leading to left atrial rupture and subsequent autotransfusion under high pressure leading to air embolism has not been reported yet.

Effect of ventilation strategy during cardiopulmonary bypass on postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: To determine whether maintaining ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with a different fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) had an impact on the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs).

Methods: A total of 413 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB were randomly assigned into three groups: 138 in the NoV group (received no mechanical ventilation during CPB), 138 in the LOV group (received a tidal volume (V) of 3-4 ml/kg of ideal body weight with the respiratory rate of 10-12 bpm, and the positive end-expiratory pressure of 5-8 cmHO during CPB; the FiO was 30%), and 137 in the HOV group (received the same ventilation parameters settings as the LOV group while the FiO was 80%).

Results: The primary outcomes were the incidence and severity of PPCs during hospitalization.

Effects of methylprednisolone on early postoperative pain and recovery in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: Evidence from previous studies indicates that glucocorticoids offer effective postoperative analgesia and improve the quality of recovery (QoR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative methylprednisolone on early postoperative pain and QoR following thoracoscopic lung surgery.

Design: A prospective, single-center, three-arm, double-blinded, randomized trial.

Comparative Effect of Propofol and Volatile Anesthetics on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Lung Resection Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The effect of general anesthetics (propofol and volatile anesthetics) on pulmonary outcome after lung resection surgery with one-lung ventilation (OLV) is yet undetermined. We evaluated the effect of intravenous anesthesia (propofol) and volatile anesthesia (sevoflurane or desflurane) regimens on postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients undergoing lung resection surgery.

Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial enrolled 555 adult patients scheduled for lung resection surgery with OLV.

Comparison of low and high inspiratory oxygen fraction added to lung-protective ventilation on postoperative pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: Intraoperative lung-protective ventilation strategy has been recommended to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). However, the role of inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO) in this protection remains highly uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative low (30%) versus high (80%) FiO in the context of lung-protective ventilation strategy on PPCs in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Improving the analysis accuracy of components in blood by SSP-MCSD and multi-mode spectral data fusion.

In recent years, spectral quantitative analysis for blood components has been a research hotspot in biomedical engineering. But researches have been limited to the application of high-sensitivity spectroscopy instruments and the complexity of blood components-the overlapping of absorption curves for many components is severe. This has led to the difficulty in achieving satisfactory results when using spectroscopy to quantify components in blood.

Elevenin signaling modulates body color through the tyrosine-mediated cuticle melanism pathway.

Elevenin is a newly discovered novel neuropeptide. Knockdown of either elevenin or orphan receptor NlA42 transcript expression by RNA interference caused severe cuticle melanization in the brown planthopper (BPH). Injection of a synthetic elevenin peptide not only rescued the body color phenotype in dselevenin-pretreated individuals but also suppressed melanization of black insects grown in natural conditions.

Ventilation strategies with different inhaled Oxygen conceNTration during CardioPulmonary Bypass in cardiac surgery (VONTCPB): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: There is no consensus on the ventilation management during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and the anesthesiologists or the surgeons usually ventilate the lungs with different ventilation strategies or keep them static. Better outcomes are more likely to occur when the ventilation is administered during CPB according to the existing literatures. However, the use of high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) is debatable in cardiac surgery.

DDC plays vital roles in the wing spot formation, egg production, and chorion tanning in the brown planthopper.

The gene dopa decarboxylase (Nlddc) of the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) was identified in the genome and transcriptome of the insect. The open reading frame of Nlddc is 1,434 bp in length and, it has the potential to encode a protein of 477 amino acid with a conserved pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylase domain and a typical motif, NFNPHKW. Real-time quantification polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that this gene was highly expressed in the integument and brain, and transcript level peaked in the late stages of egg period and each nymph instar with periodicity.

The flightin gene is necessary for the emission of vibrational signals in the rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stǻl).

In duet-based courtship, species- and sex-specific vibrational signals enable animals to identify the species and sex of the singer and also provide the necessary information with which to locate a partner. Substrate-borne communication has been described in a wide variety of insects. Here, we focus on the gene necessary for the emission of male vibrational signals and whether the male song fulfills such a functional role in the mating system of the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens).

Identification and functional analysis of the doublesex gene in the sexual development of a hemimetabolous insect, the brown planthopper.

In the sex determination cascade, the genes dsx (doublesex) in insects, mab-3 (male abnormal 3) in nematodes, and Dmrt1 (dsx/mab-3 related transcription factor-1) in vertebrates act as the base molecular switches and play important roles. Moreover, these genes share the same conserved feature domain-DNA-binding oligomerization domain (OD1), and female-specific dsx also has a conserved oligomerization domain 2 (OD2). Although sex determination and the functions of dsx in several holometabolous insects have been well documented, sex determination and the function of dsx in hemimetabolous insects remain a mystery.

Mediates Cross-Talk Between Sex Determination and Wing Polyphenism in Female .

Sexual dimorphism and wing polyphenism are important and evolutionarily conserved features of many insect species. In this article, we found a cross-talk linking sexual differentiation with wing polyphenism in the brown planthopper (BPH) (order: Hemiptera). Knockdown of the sex determination gene in () in nymph caused females to develop into infertile pseudomales containing undeveloped ovaries.