Continuous renal replacement therapy rescued life-threatening capillary leak syndrome in an extremely-low-birth-weight premature: a case report.

Background: Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is a rare disease characterized by profound vascular leakage and presents as a classic triad of hypotension, hypoalbuminemia and hemoconcentration. Severe CLS is mostly induced by sepsis and generally life-threatening in newborns, especially in premature infants. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) plays an important role of supportive treatment for severe CLS.

NFATc1 is a Necessary Transcription Factor in Polarisation of T Helper Type 2 Lymphocytes Induced by Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) activates lung dendritic cells (DCs) to promote a T helper type 2 lymphocyte (Th2) response in animal models. However, the mechanism behind this process remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the role of a nuclear factor for activated T-cells 1 (NFATc1) in the TSLP-induced polarisation towards a Th2 response.

The spectrum of viral pathogens in children with severe acute lower respiratory tract infection: A 3-year prospective study in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Background: No comprehensive analysis is available on the viral etiology and clinical characterization among children with severe acute lower respiratory tract infection (SALRTI) in Southern China.

Methods: Cohort of 659 hospitalized children (2 months to 14 years) with SALRTI admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) in the Guangzhou from May 2015 to April 2018 was enrolled in this study. Nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens or induced sputum were tested for eight categories respiratory viral targets.

ECMO as an effective rescue therapeutic for fulminant myocarditis complicated with refractory cardiac arrest.

Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a life-threatening disease in children. With a rapid, progressive course of deterioration, it causes refractory cardiorespiratory failure even with optimal clinical intervention. We present the case of a 9-year-old girl with FM complicated by cardiogenic shock, malignant arrhythmia, and refractory cardiac arrest.

Methylprednisolone pulse therapy rescued life-threatening pulmonary hemorrhage due to idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is an extremely rare cause of massive pulmonary hemorrhage in children. During the acute phase, death due to massive alveolar hemorrhage and subsequent severe respiratory failure. We report two cases of IPH children who developed hypoxemic respiratory failure and massive pulmonary hemorrhage.