Distinct Immunological Features of Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System.

Objective: The immunological features between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), lacked systemic comparisons. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate immunological differences between NMOSD, MS, and MOGAD.

Methods: Patients with MOGAD, MS, and NMOSD who received immunological tests including cytokine profiles and cytometry analysis of the lymphocyte subgroups were retrospectively reviewed and divided into training and validation sets.

Effects of suppressed autophagy on mitochondrial dynamics and cell cycle of N2a cells.

Autophagy dysregulation, mitochondrial dynamic abnormality and cell cycle re-entry are implicated in the vulnerable neurons of patients with Alzheimer's disease. This study was designed to testify the association among autophagy, mitochondrial dynamics and cell cycle in dividing neuroblastoma (N2a) cells. The N2a cells were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of 3-methyladenine (3-MA).