Resting-state connectivity biomarkers define neurophysiological subtypes of depression.

Biomarkers have transformed modern medicine but remain largely elusive in psychiatry, partly because there is a weak correspondence between diagnostic labels and their neurobiological substrates. Like other neuropsychiatric disorders, depression is not a unitary disease, but rather a heterogeneous syndrome that encompasses varied, co-occurring symptoms and divergent responses to treatment. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a large multisite sample (n = 1,188), we show here that patients with depression can be subdivided into four neurophysiological subtypes ('biotypes') defined by distinct patterns of dysfunctional connectivity in limbic and frontostriatal networks.

Microarray analysis of differentially-expressed genes and linker genes associated with the molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide and remains the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. The present study aimed to fully elucidate the pathogenesis of CRC and identify associated genes in tumor development. Microarray GSE44076, GSE41328 and GSE44861 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and integrated with meta-analysis.

Flexible Ultrafast Aqueous Rechargeable Ni//Bi Battery Based on Highly Durable Single-Crystalline Bismuth Nanostructured Anode.

A new type of ultrafast Ni//Bi battery with high flexibility and impressive electrochemical performance is demonstrated for the first time based on an as-prepared Bi electrode as the anode and a NiCo O nanowire electrode as the cathode. The NiCo O //Bi battery is able to deliver a remarkable energy density of 85.8 W h kg at a power density of 1.

Disabled-2 Determines Commitment of a Pre-adipocyte Population in Juvenile Mice.

Disabled-2 (Dab2) is a widely expressed clathrin binding endocytic adaptor protein and known for the endocytosis of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) family receptors. Dab2 also modulates endosomal Ras/MAPK (Erk1/2) activity by regulating the disassembly of Grb2/Sos1 complexes associated with clathrin-coated vesicles. We found that the most prominent phenotype of Dab2 knockout mice was their striking lean body composition under a high fat and high caloric diet, although the weight of the mutant mice was indistinguishable from wild-type littermates on a regular chow.

Pathway Analysis Based on Attractor and Cross Talk in Colon Cancer.

Colon cancer is the third and second most common cancer form in men and women worldwide. It is generally accepted that colon cancer mainly results from diet. The aim of this study was to identify core pathways which elucidated the molecular mechanisms in colon cancer.

Polymorphism in Strontium Tungstate SrWO under Quasi-Hydrostatic Compression.

The structural and vibrational properties of SrWO have been studied experimentally up to 27 and 46 GPa, respectively, by angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy measurements as well as using ab initio calculations. The existence of four polymorphs upon quasi-hydrostatic compression is reported. The three phase transitions were found at 11.

Gefitinib enhances human colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis of via autophagy- and JNK-mediated death receptors upregulation.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potent cancer cell-specific apoptosis-inducing cytokine with little toxicity to most normal cells. Here, we report that gefitinib and TRAIL in combination produce a potent synergistic effect on TRAIL-sensitive human colon cancer HCT116 cells and an additive effect on TRAIL-resistant HT-29 cells. Interestingly, gefitinib increases the expression of cell surface receptors DR4 and DR5, possibly explaining the synergistic effect.

Tunicamycin enhances human colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by JNK-CHOP-mediated DR5 upregulation and the inhibition of the EGFR pathway.

Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a cytokine that selectively induces apoptosis in many tumor cells while leaving normal cells intact and is thus an attractive candidate for antitumor therapies. This paper reports that the combination of tunicamycin plus TRAIL produced a strong synergistic effect in TRAIL-sensitive human colon cancer HCT116 cells and TRAIL-resistant HT-29 cells. On a cellular mechanistic level, tunicamycin-enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis by death receptor (DR) 5 upregulation and DR4 deglycosylation.

Effect of Over-Expression of Zinc-Finger Protein (ZFX) on Self-Renewal and Drug-Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND X-chromosome-coupled zinc finger protein (ZFX) in the Zfy protein family is abundantly expressed in both embryonic and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). ZFX exist in various tumor cells and is correlated with proliferation and survival of tumor cells. As a malignant tumor with high invasiveness, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may present resistance against chemotherapy and features of stem cells.

Human galectin-2 interacts with carbohydrates and peptides non-classically: new insight from X-ray crystallography and hemagglutination.

Galectin-2 (Gal-2) plays a role in cancer, myocardial infarction, immune response, and gastrointestinal tract diseases. The only reported crystal structure of Gal-2 shows that it is a dimer in which the monomer subunits have almost identical structures, each binding with one molecule of lactose. In this study, we crystallized Gal-2 under new conditions that produced three crystal structures.

Ginsenoside compound K sensitizes human colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via autophagy-dependent and -independent DR5 upregulation.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potent cancer cell-specific apoptosis-inducing cytokine with little toxicity to most normal cells. However, acquired resistance of cancer cells to TRAIL is a roadblock. Agents that can either potentiate the effect of TRAIL or overcome resistance to TRAIL are urgently needed.

Experimental Study of Magnetic Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Doxorubicin Conjugate in a Lymph Node Metastatic Model of Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND The lymphatic system plays a significant role in the defense of a subject against breast cancer and is one of the major pathways for the metastasis of breast cancer. To improve the prognosis, many means, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have been used. However, the combination of all these modalities has limited efficacy.

[Parathyroid hormone inhibits the apoptosis of osteoblast MC-3T3E1 cells through a non-PLC-dependent protein kinase C pathway].

Objective: To investigate the effect of the non-PLC-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) pathway of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the apoptosis and proliferation of osteoblast MC-3T3E1 cells.

Methods: MC-3T3E1 cells were seeded in 96-well plates at the density of 1.5×10(4) cells/mL and incubated for 3 day.

FeO2 and FeOOH under deep lower-mantle conditions and Earth's oxygen-hydrogen cycles.

The distribution, accumulation and circulation of oxygen and hydrogen in Earth's interior dictate the geochemical evolution of the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. The oxygen-rich atmosphere and iron-rich core represent two end-members of the oxygen-iron (O-Fe) system, overlapping with the entire pressure-temperature-composition range of the planet. The extreme pressure and temperature conditions of the deep interior alter the oxidation states, spin states and phase stabilities of iron oxides, creating new stoichiometries, such as Fe4O5 (ref.

Recent advances in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: The fifth most common cancer of the gastrointestinal system is liver cancer. It is also one of the most common cancers worldwide. The available treatment options include surgery, percutaneous ablation, and liver transplantation.

[Teriparatide for conservative treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fracture: analysis of 12 cases].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of conservative treatment with teriparatide for promoting bone fracture healing in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture.

Methods: Twelve postmenopausal patients (aged 73±4.8 years) with osteoporotic spinal fracture confirmed by MRI or CT scanning received conservative treatment with teriparatidesc injection supplemented with calcium and analgesics for 6 months.

Endocytic adaptors Arh and Dab2 control homeostasis of circulatory cholesterol.

High serum cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) strongly associates with cardiovascular diseases as the atherogenic LDLs promote atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). LDL clearance from the circulation by LDL receptor (LDLR)-mediated endocytosis by hepatic and peripheral tissues and subsequent feedback regulation of endogenous synthesis of cholesterol is a key determinant of serum LDL level. Human mutation analysis revealed that autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH), an LDLR endocytic adaptor, perturbs LDLR function and thus impacts serum cholesterol levels.

Thermal equation of state of Molybdenum determined from in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction with laser-heated diamond anvil cells.

Here we report that the equation of state (EOS) of Mo is obtained by an integrated technique of laser-heated DAC and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The cold compression and thermal expansion of Mo have been measured up to 80 GPa at 300 K, and 92 GPa at 3470 K, respectively. The P-V-T data have been treated with both thermodynamic and Mie-Grüneisen-Debye methods for the thermal EOS inversion.

Unraveling the complexity of iron oxides at high pressure and temperature: Synthesis of Fe5O6.

The iron-oxygen system is the most important reference of rocks' redox state. Even as minor components, iron oxides can play a critical role in redox equilibria, which affect the speciation of the fluid phases chemical differentiation, melting, and physical properties. Until our recent finding of Fe4O5, iron oxides were assumed to comprise only the polymorphs of FeO, Fe3O4, and Fe2O3.

New developments in laser-heated diamond anvil cell with in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction at High Pressure Collaborative Access Team.

An overview of the in situ laser heating system at the High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, with emphasis on newly developed capabilities, is presented. Since its establishment at the beamline 16-ID-B a decade ago, laser-heated diamond anvil cell coupled with in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction has been widely used for studying the structural properties of materials under simultaneous high pressure and high temperature conditions. Recent developments in both continuous-wave and modulated heating techniques have been focusing on resolving technical issues of the most challenging research areas.

Antibiotic and Disinfectant Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Retail Meats in Sichuan, China.

To demonstrate the resistance of antibiotics and disinfectants to Escherichia coli isolates, 255 E. coli strains were isolated from 328 retail meat samples in this study. Susceptibility testing results showed that 85.

Prevalence of hepatitis B and knowledge about hepatitis B among migrant workers in shandong province, china: a cross-sectional study.

Background: China is a country with a high prevalence of hepatitis B. As a special population, migrant workers are more vulnerable to hepatitis B.

Objectives: The present study was conducted to gain insight into the prevalence of hepatitis B and knowledge about hepatitis B among migrant workers in Shandong Province, China, as well as to explore a series of strategies for preventing and controlling the spread and prevalence of hepatitis B.

Evaluation of agar dilution and broth microdilution methods to determine the disinfectant susceptibility.

A variety of disinfectants have been widely used in veterinary hygiene, food industries and environments, which could induce the development of bacterial resistance to disinfectants. The methods used to investigate antimicrobial effects of disinfectant vary considerably among studies, making comparisons difficult. In this study, agar dilution and broth microdilution methods were used to compare the antimicrobial activities of four quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) against foodborne and zoonotic pathogens.

[Activation of phospholipase C-independent protein kinase C signaling pathway of parathyroid hormone enhances CITED1 expression in mouse osteoblasts].

Objective: To explore the functions of phospholipase C (PLC)-independent protein kinase C signaling pathway (PTH/nonPLC/PKC) of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and its role in bone metabolism.

Methods: Osteoblasts isolated from the calvaria of 2- or 3-day-old C57BL mice, identified by alkaline phosphatase staining and Alizarin red staining, were treated for 4 h with 100 nmol/L [Gly(1), Arg(19)]hPTH(1-28) plus 10 nmol/L RP-cAMP, 10 nmol/L [Gly(1), Arg(19)]hPTH(1-34) plus 10 nmol/L RP-cAMP , 10 nmol/L PTH(1-34), or and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA).

Ratiometric iridium(III) complex-based phosphorescent chemodosimeter for Hg(2+) applicable in time-resolved luminescence assay and live cell imaging.

A novel iridium(III) complex-based probe Ir4-1 has been designed and synthesized conveniently by incorporating the chemodosimeter into phosphorescent luminophor, which displayed ratiometric luminescence change from yellowish-green to reddish-yellow only toward Hg(2+) ions in aqueous media via desulfurization and intramolecular cyclization with a broad pH range of 5-10. The phosphorescent chemodosimeter could eliminate effectively the signal interference from the short-lived fluorescent background, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection was improved distinctly by using time-resolved photoluminescence technique. Furthermore, the mechanism of phosphoresce change of the chemodosimeter was analyzed in detail by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations, and the probe with long-wavelength emission could be applied to label cells and monitor intracellular Hg(2+) effectively by luminescence ratio imaging.