Plant-Plant Interactions Drive the Decomposition of Soil Organic Carbon via Nutrition Competition in Dryland.

Plant-plant interactions are often overlooked when assessing carbon (C) cycling in plant community. Limited research exists on how nutrient competition influences soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics via modifying rhizosphere C turnover. To address this issue, quantitative model of plant-plant interactions was established in three intercropping systems across 4 years.

Effective mechanism of polysaccharides from Erxian herbal pair in promoting bone repair in traumatic osteomyelitis by activating osteoblast GPR41 and inhibiting the MEK/ERK/MAPK signalling axis.

Polysaccharides are the key components of natural products; however, their effects on bone repair haven't been fully evaluated. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and mechanism of polysaccharides in promoting bone repair. The Erxian herb pair polysaccharide (EHP) was isolated and purified using water extraction (1:20 (w/v); 100 ± 2 °C; 5 h) and alcohol precipitation (80 ± 2 %).

Cereal-legume intercropping stimulates straw decomposition and promotes soil organic carbon stability.

Increasing carbon (C) sequestration and stability in agricultural soils is a key strategy to mitigate climate change towards C neutrality. Crop diversification is an initiative to increase C sequestration in fields, but it is unclear how legume-based crop diversification impacts the functional components of soil organic carbon (SOC) in dryland, including the formation and transformation of particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC). We investigated the decomposition of straw residues, the fate of photosynthesized C, as well as the formation of MAOC and POC fractions using an in situC labeling technique in the soybean-wheat intercropping, soybean-maize intercropping and their respective monocropping systems, with and without cover crops.

Prediction model construction of cervical central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis utilizing conventional ultrasound and elastography.

Background: When papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is accompanied by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), it is often challenging for preoperative ultrasound to distinguish between central lymph node enlargement caused by PTC metastasis and inflammatory reaction due to HT. However, central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is closely associated with the risk of PTC recurrence after surgery. In this study, we developed a model to predict in patients with PTC combined with HT, based on conventional ultrasound characteristics and shear wave elastography (SWE) quantitative parameters of the primary lesion.

[HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology reveal absorbed components of Bufei Pills, potential in treating respiratory disorders, and mechanism in recovery stage of COVID-19].

This study employed the methods of serum chemistry, in vivo drug distribution analysis, and network pharmacology to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of Bufei Pills on respiratory disorders and decipher the underlying mechanisms. For the in vivo distribution study, rats were administrated with Bufei Pills, and the absorbed components were analyzed by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The results showed that 56 components were present in the rat serum, including neocyclomorusin, asterinin A, neoisostegane, goimisin R, and frehmaglutoside H.

Fatty Acid Metabolism Disruptions: A Subtle yet Critical Factor in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

The establishment and maintenance of pregnancy encompass a series of complex and high-energy-consuming physiological processes, resulting in a significant energy demand. Fatty acids, one of the most essential nutrients, play a crucial role in energy supply via oxidation and perform critical biological functions such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects, which substantially impact human health. Disordered fatty acid metabolism can cause anomalies in fetal growth and development, as well as a range of pregnancy problems, which can influence the health of both the mother and the fetus.

Global research progress in pharmacy education.

Introduction: Bibliometric and visualization analyses are used to quantitatively assess and graphically display the current status, patterns, and trends using scholarly literature. Pharmacy education worldwide has developed rapidly over the past few decades, but few related studies have been conducted in this field. This study aims to explore the present landscape, identify research focal points, and future trends in the evolution of pharmacy education.

Carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry across plant-soil system accounts for the degradation of multi-year alfalfa grassland.

Alfalfa ( L.) grassland is prone to degradation following multi-year maintenance. Yet, its mechanism regarding the stoichiometry of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) across plant-soil system is still unclear.

Dietary diversity contributes to delay biological aging.

Aims: As aging is a major risk factor for chronic diseases, strategies to promote healthy aging are essential. Dietary diversity has been reported to be beneficial for human health, however, the role in the biological aging process remains underexplored. Our aim was to analyse the potential link between diet diversity and aging.

[Zhongfeng Xingnao Decoction alleviates intracerebral haemorrhage-induced brain injury via inhibiting neuronal ferroptosis].

Zhongfeng Xingnao Decoction(ZFXN) has been utilized for treating intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) in China, while the pharmacological mechanism of ZFXN remains unclear. Exploring the pharmacological roles of ZFXN is critical for guiding the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. In this study, a rat model of ICH was constructed by injection of Ⅶ collagenase in the right caudate nucleus.

Inhibiting the activation of enteric glial cells alleviates intestinal inflammation and comorbid anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in the ulcerative colitis mice.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common inflammatory bowel disease with a complex origin in clinical settings. It is frequently accompanied by negative emotional responses, including anxiety and depression. Enteric glial cells (EGCs) are important components of the gut-brain axis and are involved in the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS), intestinal neuroimmune, and regulation of intestinal motor functions.

Validation of mitochondrial biomarkers and immune dynamics in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Problem: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prevalent endocrine-metabolic disorder, presents considerable therapeutic challenges due to its complex and elusive pathophysiology.

Method Of Study: We employed three machine learning algorithms to identify potential biomarkers within a training dataset, comprising GSE138518, GSE155489, and GSE193123. The diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers was rigorously evaluated using a validation dataset using area under the curve (AUC) metrics.

Osthole Activates the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway via α7nAChR Upregulation to Alleviate Inflammatory Responses.

Osthole (also known as Osthol) is the main anti-inflammatory coumarin found in Cnidium monnieri and severs as the exclusive quality-controlled component according the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. However, its underlying anti-inflammatory mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Osthole treatment significantly inhibited the generation of TNF-α, but not IL-6 in the classical LPS-stimulated RAW264.

Inulin Inhibits the Inflammatory Response through Modulating Enteric Glial Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Mice by Reshaping Intestinal Flora.

Inulin, a commonly used dietary fiber supplement, is capable of modulating the gut microbiome. Chronic inflammation resulting from metabolic abnormalities and gut flora dysfunction plays a significant role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our research has demonstrated that inulin administration effectively reduced colonic inflammation in T2DM mice by inducing changes in the gut microbiota and increasing the concentration of butyric acid, which in turn modulated the function of enteric glial cells (EGCs).

Association between Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy and Cardiac Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: The purpose of this research was to assess the relationship between the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and indexes of left ventricle (LV) structure and function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 790 patients with T2DM and preserved LV ejection fraction. Retinopathy stages were classified as no DR, early nonproliferative DR, moderate to severe nonproliferative DR, or proliferative DR.

Efficacy and safety of piperacillin-tazobactam compared with meropenem in treating complicated urinary tract infections including acute pyelonephritis due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing .

Introduction: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae pose a huge threat to human health, especially in the context of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs). Carbapenems and piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) are two antimicrobial agents commonly used to treat cUTIs.

Methods: A monocentric retrospective cohort study focused on the treatment of cUTIs in adults was conducted from January 2019 to November 2021.

Thickness effects of polyethylene and biodegradable film residuals on soil properties and dryland maize productivity.

Plastic film residuals are increasingly remaining in cultivated lands. However, it is a critical issue how residual plastic type and thickness affect soil properties and crop yield. To address this issue, in situ landfill was conducted using thick polyethylene (PEt1), thin polyethylene (PEt2), thick biodegradable (BIOt1), thin biodegradable (BIOt2) residues, and CK (control) with no residues landfill in a semiarid maize field.

Involvement of enteric glial cells in colonic motility in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea.

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is one of the important systems that regulate gastrointestinal function. The ENS is made up of enteric glial cells (EGCs) and neurons. For a long time, it was believed that the function of EGCs was only to give structural support to neurons.