Effect of low anterior resection syndrome on quality of life in colorectal cancer patients: A retrospective observational study.

Background: Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a common complication of anus-preserving surgery in patients with colorectal cancer, which significantly affects patients' quality of life.

Aim: To determine the relationship between the incidence of LARS and patient quality of life after colorectal cancer surgery and to establish a LARS prediction model to allow perioperative precision nursing.

Methods: We reviewed the data from patients who underwent elective radical resection for colorectal cancer at our institution from April 2013 to June 2020 and completed the LARS score questionnaire and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life and Colorectal Cancer Module questionnaires.

Evaluation of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFL) in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a general hospital. The intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis was evaluated by digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).

The role of ferroptosis in diabetic cardiovascular diseases and the intervention of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), encompassing ischaemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure, among others, are the most prevalent complications of diabetes and the leading cause of mortality in patients with diabetes. Cell death modalities, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, have been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs. As research progresses, accumulating evidence also suggests the involvement of ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death, in the pathogenesis of CVDs.

Eicosapentaenoic acid enhances the sensitivity of osteosarcoma to cisplatin by inducing ferroptosis through the DNA-PKcs/AKT/NRF2 pathway and reducing PD-L1 expression to attenuate immune evasion.

Acquired drug resistance poses a significant challenge in osteosarcoma therapy. Therefore, it is necessary for us to discover and develop an alternative anti-cancer strategy. Previous studies have shown that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) significantly increases chemosensitivity in cancer cells.

SGK1 is involved in doxorubicin-induced chronic cardiotoxicity and dysfunction through activation of the NFκB pathway.

Breast cancer is the predominant cancer among women worldwide, and chemotherapeutic agents, such as doxorubicin (DOX), have the potential to significantly prolong survival, albeit at the cost of inducing severe cardiovascular toxicity. Inflammation has emerged as a crucial biological process contributing to the remodeling of cardiovascular toxicity. The role of serum glucocorticoid kinase 1 (SGK1) in various inflammatory diseases has been extensively investigated.

A multi-center cross-sectional study on identification of influencing factors of medical students' emotional engagement in China.

Background: Studies exploring influencing factors of emotional engagement among medical students are scarce. Thus, we aimed to identify influencing factors of medical students' emotional engagement.

Methods: We carried out a multi-center cross-sectional study among 10,901 medical students from 11 universities in China.

Natural products for the treatment of depression: Insights into signal pathways influencing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Depression, a prevalent psychiatric malady, afflicts a substantial global demographic, engendering considerable disease burden due to its elevated morbidity and mortality rates. Contemporary therapeutic approaches for depression encompass the administration of serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and tricyclic antidepressants, albeit these pharmaceuticals potentially induce adverse neurological and gastrointestinal effects. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) natural products proffer the benefits of multi-target, multi-level, and multi-channel depression treatment modalities.

Acute interstitial nephritis caused by ANCA-associated vasculitis: a case based review.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) typically manifests as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with crescent formation. In this report, we present a local case of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-AAV-associated acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), showing slight pauci-immune glomerulonephritis and positive MPO-ANCA. This case is characterized by foot process effacement of podocytes in the glomerulus, a favorable prognosis, and an absence of crescentic formation.

Carvedilol Plus NUC for Patients With HBV-Compensated Cirrhosis Under Virological Suppression: A Randomized Open-Label Trial.

Introduction: Portal hypertension progression can be relieved after controlling the etiology of liver cirrhosis. Whether beta-blockers could additionally enhance the effects during treatment, particularly for small esophageal varices (EV), was unclear. This study aims to assess the efficacy of add-on carvedilol to delay EV progression during anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) treatment in HBV-related cirrhosis.

Tamoxifen induced cardiac damage via the IL-6/p-STAT3/PGC-1α pathway.

Tamoxifen (TAM) is an effective anticancer drug for breast and ovarian cancer. However, increased risk of cardiotoxicity is a long-term clinical problem associated with TAM, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we performed experiments in cardiomyocytes and tumor-bearing or nontumor-bearing mice, and demonstrated that TAM induced cardiac injury via the IL-6/p-STAT3/PGC-1α/IL-6 feedback loop, which is responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation.

Herbal medicine formula Huazhuo Tiaozhi granule ameliorates dyslipidaemia via regulating histone lactylation and miR-155-5p biogenesis.

Background: Huazhuo Tiaozhi granule (HTG) is a herbal medicine formula widely used in clinical practice for hypolipidaemic effects. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying dyslipidaemia treatment have not been well elucidated.

Results: A significant reduction in the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was observed in the serum of patients with dyslipidaemia after HTG treatment, without disruption in the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (Cr).

Nanocarriers transport across the gastrointestinal barriers: The contribution to oral bioavailability via blood circulation and lymphatic pathway.

Oral administration is the preferred route of drug delivery in clinical practice due to its noninvasiveness, safety, convenience, and high patient compliance. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plays a crucial role in facilitating the targeted delivery of oral drugs. However, the GIT presents multiple barriers that impede drug absorption, including the gastric barrier in the stomach and the mucus and epithelial barriers in the intestine.

The ICU-CARB score: a novel clinical scoring system to predict carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria carriage in critically ill patients upon ICU admission.

Background: With the widespread spread of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) in medical facilities, the carriage of CR-GNB among critically ill patients has become a significant concern in intensive care units (ICU). This study aimed to develop a scoring system to identify CR-GNB carriers upon ICU admission.

Methods: Consecutive critically ill patients admitted to the ICU of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital between January 2017 and December 2020 were included.

Single-cell transcriptomics uncover hub genes and cell-cell crosstalk in patients with hypertensive nephropathy.

Hypertensive nephropathy (HTN) is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease, yet the molecular mechanisms are still unknown. To explore novel mechanisms and gene targets for HTN, the gene expression profiles of renal biopsy samples obtained from 2 healthy living donor controls and 5 HTN patients were determined by single-cell RNA sequencing. Key hub genes expression were validated by the Nephroseq v5 platform.

Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeted PET/CT with F-Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor-74 for Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Cancer: Comparison with F-FDG PET/CT.

Fibroblast activation protein is overexpressed in the stroma of several cancer types. F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-74 is a PET tracer with high selectivity for fibroblast activation protein and has shown high accumulation in human tumors in clinical studies. However, the use of F-FAPI-74 for PET imaging of gastrointestinal cancer has not been systematically investigated.

[Model construction and software design of computed tomography radiation system based on visualization].

The Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) is often used to calculate the radiation dose during computed tomography (CT) scans. However, the physical calculation process of the model is complicated, the input file structure of the program is complex, and the three-dimensional (3D) display of the geometric model is not supported, so that the researchers cannot establish an accurate CT radiation system model, which affects the accuracy of the dose calculation results. Aiming at these two problems, this study designed a software that visualized CT modeling and automatically generated input files.

ESG performance, investor attention, and company reputation: Threshold model analysis based on panel data from listed companies in China.

Amid heightened inter-company competition and the global drive towards ESG reforms, this study investigates whether enhancing the ESG performance of listed companies in China assists in elevating their reputation. It also examines the mediating role of investor attention in the relationship between ESG performance and company reputation, and further delves into whether there's a threshold effect of investor attention on the ESG-performance relationship. Utilizing sample data from Chinese listed companies spanning 2011 to 2021, and employing methods such as the panel two-way fixed-effects regression model, mediation effect testing, and threshold effect models, the study reveals that there is a significant positive relationship between ESG performance and the reputation of these companies.

SRSF2 is required for mRNA splicing during spermatogenesis.

Background: RNA splicing plays significant roles in fundamental biological activities. However, our knowledge about the roles of alternative splicing and underlying mechanisms during spermatogenesis is limited.

Results: Here, we report that Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2), also known as SC35, plays critical roles in alternative splicing and male reproduction.

Construction and validation of a immune-related prognostic gene DHRS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma based on bioinformatic analysis.

A member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily (DHRS1, SDR19C1) is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and a potential predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of DHRS1 in HCC immunity remains unclear. We systematically analyzed the association between DHRS1 and HCC immunity with transcriptional and clinical data from the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, an integrated repository portal for tumor immune system interactions, and cBioPortal databases.

"Targeted plus controlled" - Composite nano delivery system opens the tumor vascular and microenvironment normalization window for anti-tumor therapy.

The bottleneck of traditional anti-tumor therapy is mainly limited by the abnormal microenvironment of tumors. Leaky vessels are difficult for drugs or immune cells to penetrate deep into tumors, but tumor cells can easily escape through which and metastasize to other organs. Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment is one of the main directions for anti-cancer research, among which, tumor vascular normalization has received increasing attention.

Association of Chronic Kidney Disease with Cardiovascular Disease in Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Due to the cardiotoxicity of cancer treatment and traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, cancer patients are at higher risk of developing CVD. However, limited research exists on the correlation between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD risk in cancer patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study selected cancer patients aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2015 to 2020.

Functional Laminated Fiber Scaffold Based on Titanium Monoxide for Lithium Metal-Based Batteries.

Lithium metal-based rechargeable batteries are attracting increasing attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density. However, the dendrite growth leads to short circuits or even explosions and rapid depletion of active materials and electrolytes. Here, a functionalized and laminated scaffold (PVDF/TiO@C fiber) based on lithiophilic titanium monoxide is rationally designed to inhibit dendrite growth.

Astragaloside IV inhibits experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by modulating the polarization of both microglia/macrophages and astrocytes.

Astragaloside IV (AST IV), a major saponin component and active ingredient isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, has been well known to exhibit neuroprotective effects on diverse models of neurological diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that dynamic balance of microglia/macrophages and astrocytes plays a vital role in neuroprotection and remyelination. However, dysregulation of microglia/macrophages and astrocytes orchestrate the pathogenesis of nervous system disorders.

Differences and significance of peripheral blood interleukin-6 expression between patients with granulomatous lobular mastitis and those with benign breast tumors.

Objective: It is unclear whether the mechanism of the interleukin (IL)-6 signaling pathway is similar between granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) and benign breast tumors. This study aimed to explore the differences and significance of peripheral blood IL-6 and related cytokines, routine blood test results, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels between patients with GLM and benign breast tumors.

Methods: Seventy-three inpatients with GLM who underwent surgery and 60 patients with benign breast tumors diagnosed based on pathological findings between November 2022 and May 2023 were included.